LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

2 24 R.A.N.Z. ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION
fastigiatis, crystallis flavo-brunneis inspersis; algae protoccoicleae, ccllnlis 9-1 lr diametro. Apothecia
0.2-0.5 mm. diametro, margine tenuissimo, elevato, disco primulli coilcaro dein plaiio vel
convexinscnlo, miiliato vel badio ; parathecium 75-100~ crassitndine, gelifactum, ad 5OP sub hypothecio
tennescens, stratum algarum sub ~arathecio ca. 6OP crassitndine; hppothecinm 75p crassitndine,
hyphis tennibus dense coiltextum ; theciuin ca. 150~ altitudine ; paraphyses tenues, septatae,
bis dichotoniae super ascos, ramosae; asci cylindrici, 120 X 7-8p, apicibns non incrassatis dein
clavati ; ascosporae sub-biseriales, polari-biloculares, hyalinae, late ellipsoideae, 10-13 X 6-7~.
Thallns thin, very slightly verrucose arid rngose, minntely rimose areolate, between olive ochre
and olive yellow, forming patches about 5 mm. in diameter, sometimes conflnent ; cortex about 25,~
thick, highly gelified, outer cells fastigiate and densely incnuted with yellow-brown crystals; algae
protococcoid, cells 9-llp in diameter, loosely packed, with few medullary hyphae.
Apothecia 0-2-0-5 mm. in diameter, margin elevated and disc concave at first, becoming plane
or somewhat convex, mars orange to bnrnt sicnna with a very thin margin ; parathecium 75--100~
thick, highly gelified, outer lop incrusted with yello\vish brown crystals, thinning to about 5Op
thick belo~v the hypotheciuin (in some places as thin as 2Op) ; algal layer beneath the parathecium
about 6OP thick with another layer beneath similar in texture to the parathecium ; hypothecium 7 5 ~
thick, of densely woven slender, deeply staining hyphae; thecinm about 150p tall; paraphyses
slender, septate, about twice dichotomously branched above the asci, eliding in the epithecial gel
which is only moderately stained yellowish from imbedded crystals; asci cylindric, 120 X 7-SF,
tips not thickened ; ascosyores uniseriate at first then sub-biseriate as the asci become clavate ; ascospores
polari-bilocular, hyaline, broadly ellipsoidal, 10-13 X 6-7,~.
Without access to the type specimens, the relatioilship of this species to Leca.nora sttbunicolor
Nyl. from the Cape of Good Hope, is uncertain. It mas described as having a better developed,
smooth, rimulose thallus and slightly broader spores. Even Nylander was uncertain that his
TZerguelen material, collected by A. E. Eaton from Royal Sound, was the same species as his Sonth
African one. Some characters suggest B. crozetica, bnt it is clearly not that species in thalline
characters or in several apothecial characters. The thallus suggests B. Axberti, but its apothecia
are different.
Growing over Ruellia szbbplicata on rocks ~14th PhyUopyrmia, and parasitized by Didymosphaeria.
Kuttlingeriue.
Crozet Archipelago, Possession Islancl, American Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B20-16, R20-17,
B20-18, B20-19.
Kerguelen : Greeilland Harbour, B.S.N.Z.A.R.E. B204-3, B2044.
BLASTENIA KEROPLASTA Zahlbr.
Rlastenia keroplasta Zahlbr., Deutsche Siidpolar Exp. 8: 28, 1906.
Type : Crozet Archipelago, Possession Islancl, Werth (Deutsche Siidpolar Exp.) on volcanic
rock.
Thallus thin, areolate, marginal lobes rare, when present thin, flat, margins crenulate, primu-
line yellow to old gold, growing over thalli of other lichens, and then the thallus reduced and
passing into v. athallina..
Apothecia sessile, congested, round or somewhat angular by mutual pressure, up to 1.3 mm. in
diameter, margin thick, elevated and somewhat inflexed at first, becoming very thin, priinnline
yellow, disc slightly concave at first, soon plane and finally slightly convex, level with the margin,
ochraceous orange to ochraceous tawny ; algae in cavities as in Kuttlingeria crozetica, but only a