LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

120 B.A.N.Z. ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXI'EDITION
parathecium well-developed or reduced to a few hyphae not differentiated from paraphyses; hypo-
thecium usually light coloured, rarely dark; paraphyses unbranched or sparingly branched above
the asci, asci 8-spored; ascospores hyaline or brown, unicellular, septate or muriforni, relatively
thin-walled. Spermatia long cylindrical, slender, on tips of long spermatiophores.
SUBANTARCTIC GENERA.
Podetia usually hollow ; spores unicellular, long ellipsoidal ; cephalodia absent
Chondroid axis lacking, podetia corticate, of longitudinal coilglutinate hyphae, primary thallus
crustose and evanescent or unlrnowii . . . . . . . . Claclia
Ghondroid axis present, podetia corticate or decorticate, of vertical hyphae, primary tliallus
squamulose to small foliose . . . . . . . . . . . . Cludonia
Podetia solid, ascospores multicellular ; cephalodia usually present
Ascospores with transverse septa only, fusiforln to acicular . . . . 8tereocaulon
Ascospores muriform . . . . . . . . . . . . A~~gopsis
CLADIA Nyl.
Clatliu Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Norrnandie 11. 4, 167; 1870.
Clatltrina Mull.-Arg., Flora 66, 80 ; 1883.
Type : Nylander based his genus on Clatlonia aggregata, C. scltizoportl, apd C. retiporu. Since
Vainio considered the iiiclusion of C. schizopora as doubtful, the type should be clioseii froin
C. aggrcgata or C, retipora. Miiller-Argau renanied the genus on account of Cladium P. Br., a genus
of Cyperaceae, and added C. Sullivani and C. Perdiwand6, closely related to, if not subspecies of,
C, retipora.
Primary thallus unlrnowii; pocletia erect, branching, variously perforate, dying at the base
and proliferatiiig above, without squamules, fragile ; cortex of conglutinate longitudinal hyphae ;
algae I'rebouzia; medulla scarcely developed, arachnoid; chondroid axis absent, its function taltci~
by the cortex. Apothecia minute, on tips of short branches aggregated i.n small cymes, peltate,
disc plane, margin disappearing ; ascospores unicellular, long ellipsoid to subfusiform.
CLADIA AGGREGATA (Sw.) .
Cladia aggregata (Sw.) Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 11, 4,167; 1870.
Lichen aggregalzls Sw., Nova Gen. Sp. P1. Ind. Occ., 147; 1788.
Clutloniu aggregata Ach., K. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl., 16, 68 ; 1795 .
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Bueomyces aggregatus Ach., &th. Lich., 355, 1803.
Ceno~nyce aggregata Ach., Lichenogr. Univ., 563, 1810 : Hook. f. & Tayl., Crypt. Antarct., 85 ;
1845 : F1. Antarct. 1, 197 ; 1845.
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Clatlina aggregata Nyl., Flora, 49, 179 ; 1866.
Clathrina aggregala Mull.-Arg., Flora, 66, 80; 7883.
Baeoqrtyces terebratus Willd. ap. Floerke, Ges Naturf. Freunde, Berlin Mag., 3,125; 1809.
Conon~yce terebratu Laur., Linnaea, 2, 43 ; 1827.
Cladonia terebrata Floerke, De Cladoniis, 179; 1828.
Cladonia cornicularia v. terebrata Hampe, Linnaea, 25, 712 ; 1852.