LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

64 B.A.N.Z. ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITIOY
diametro, cellulis circiter 18p loiigitudiiie; medulla paulo evoluta. Apothecia innata, urceolata,
clisco margiiiequc iiigresceiitibus, 0.2-0.3 mm. diametro; parathecinm superne 18-20r, inferne
ad 50p crassitudine, carboiiaceum, ab involucre110 carbonaceo thallino, 65r crassitudine, 150p lati-
tudine circumvallatum ; hypothecium paulo evolutum ; thecium 80-90p altitudine ; paraphyses
teiiues, subflexuosae, semel vel bis ramosae super ascos, apicibus no11 incrasssatis, epithecio hyalino,
gelifacto ; asci clavati, leptodermei, apicibus non inc~assatis, 55 X lop; ascosporae octonae, ellip-
soideae, hyalinae, leptodermeae, 7-8 X R.54r.
Thallus thin, about 300r thick, continuous or occasionally somewhat irregularly rimulose, pale
pinlrish buff to pale drab grey, margin thiii, partially surrounded by a narrow black line, especially
where two thalli meet ; cortex 15p thick, blackened but apparently a palisade of gelified cells; algae
Trentepohlia, filaments 7-€Ir. i11 diameter, cells about lar long [most of the cells have lost their
protoplasts, but one coloiiy of young cyliiidrical cells, deeply staining and nearly isodiametric, was
seen] ; medulla not sharply differentiated from the algal layer but including many rock crystals.
Apothecia innate, urceolate, disc and margin blackened, 0-2-0.3 mm. i11 diameter, solitary or
grouped; paratlieciunl 18-20p thick above, becoming lenticular below, 50p thick in the centre,
completely surroundiiig the thecium and hypothecium and in turn surrouiided by an involucrellum
of carbonaceous thalline tissue, 65p thick and extending about 150r beyond the parathecium ; hypo-
thecinm scarcely differentiated; theciuni 80-90r tall; panaphyses slender, somewhat flexuous,
forking once or twice above the asci, tips not thickened, epithecial gel hyaline; asci 8-spored,
clavate, thin-walled, tip not coiispicnonsly thickened, 55 X lop; ascospores ellipsoidal, hyaline,
thiii-walled, 7-8 X 3. rip, uiiicellnlar.
The ascospores often have a layer of granules exteiidiiig across the cells, near the centre, Riving
the appearance of a septnm, but no trne septum haq been seeii. I11 B200-3, the thallns is K- at
first, then slowly dirty yellow as the solution dries.
On roclrs with Lecidea vhizocarpiza and Placqwis bicolor.
Kergnelen: Observatory Ray, R.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B192-18; near Port Jeanne d'Arc, 1,400 ft.,
B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B200-3, B200-10.
COENOGONIACEAE.
Thallus byssoid, loose, homoeomerous with Trentepohlk or Cldopltorn, filaments covered by a
scaiit network of fnngl~s hyphae. Apothecia biatorine ; asci 8-spored ; ascospores hyaline, 1-2-celled.
Spermatia exobasidial.
COENOOONIUM Ehrenberg.
Coemnogoniz~m Ehrenberg, Horae Phys. Berol. [Nees ab Esenbeck], 1,120 ; 1820.
Type species : C. Linkii Ehrenberg.
Thallus loose, byssoid, either dimidiate or forming cottony, sessile tufts; homoeomerous, the
Tfeentepohlia filaments little branched, radiating, with a network of mostly longitudinal hyphae.
Apothecia terminal or lateral, short stipitate, biatorine; parathecinm psendoparench.vmatous;
paraphyses simple, septa scarcely visible; asci 8-spored; ascospores hyaliae, fusiform or long
ellipsoid, 1-2-celled. Spermogonia spherical; spermatiophores fasciculate with anaphyses; sper-
matia fusiform, straight.
COENOGONIUM SUBTORU~UY Miill.-Arg.
Coenogonium subtmulosz~m Miil1.-Arg., Jonr. Linn. Soc. Bot., 32, 207; 1896.
Type: New Zealand, Napier, Colenso 1656.
Thallus forming hemispherical tcfts 1 cm. in diameter or less, more or less confluent, fila-
ments short, intricate, ecorticate yonnger filaments 10-12p in diameter, corticate older filaments