LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

B.A.K.Z. ANTARCTIC RESEARCII EXPEDITION
CANDELARIELLA PARASITICA Doclge, sp. nov.
Type : Crozet Archipelago, Possession Island, Aniericail Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B20-15.
Thallus obscure viridis, parasiticus in Buelliu iristiitsczilu. Apothccia 5,rssilia vel semiimmersa,
flava, K-, 0.3-0.4 mm. diametro, marginibns tennissimis, 11011 elcvati., disco plan0 vel
subconvexo; amphithccinm ilon bene evolntum; parathecinm 18-22p crassitutline, pseudoparenchymaticum,
cellnlis pachydermaticis, sphericis vel ellipsoideis, 4-6p diametro, sub
hypothecio obconicnm, 120-140p altitudine, psendoparenchymaticum, cellulis leptoderillaticis;
hypothecium 75p crassitndine, hyphis subverticalibns; thecilun 35p altitadiiie; paraphyses gelifactae,
tenuissimae, septatae, dichotome ramosae super ascos; asci clavati, apicibus incrassatis,
mamillatis, 40-45 X 7-8p; ascosporae octonae, hyalinae, oblongae, subcurvatae, unicellulares deiil
2-cellulares, septo tenuissimo, 14-15 X 4-5p.
Thallus forming dark greenish patches on the surface of Bu.elliu tristizisc.zclu, iinpossible to
differentiate in sections from that of Buellk which has algae of approximately the saiile size and
shape. Apothecia sessile to semi-immersed, primuline yellow to mustard yellow, K-, 0.3-0.4 mm.
in cliameter, margill very thin, not elevated, disc plane to slightly convex; amphithecium not
clearly differentiated; parathecium 18-22p thick, pseudoparenchymatons, of thiclr-walled cells,
p~.otoplasts spherical to ellipsoidal, 46p in dia+eter, extending below the hypotheciuin as a cone
of thinner-walled pseudoparenchyma, 120-140p tall; hypothecium 75p thick, of subvertical hyphae,
not clearly differentiated from the paratheci~un except by its deep staining; thecium 3Sr tall;
paraphyses highly gelified but apparently very slender, septate, dichotomously branched above
the asci and ending in the thecial gel; asci clavate, 40-45 X 7-8p, tip thickened, protoplast
mamillate, apparently 8-spored; ascospores hyaline with moderately thick walls, oblong with
rounded ends, sometimes slightly curved, remaining unicellular for a long time but filially 2-celled
with a very thin septum, 14-15 X 4-5p
The systematic position of this species is not altogether clear. C~~ndelariella includes species
with quite varied morphology and possible relationships and is badly in need of revision. The
thin but well developed parathecium suggests Blastenia, but its spores and laclr of chrysophanic
acid suggest Candelariella as at present understood.
Parasitic on Bzcellia, tristiwcda.
Crozet Archipelago: Possession Island, American Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B20-15, type.
CANDEL.ARIEZLA CEREBR.IF-ORMIS Dodge, sp nov.
Type: Icing George V Land, Cape Denison, A.A.E. 1,052.
Thalli determinati concrescentes vel subsparsi in areis 23 cm. diametro; thallns singulus
subcerebriformis, 2-3 mm. diametro, ca. 1 mm. altitudine, flavus, K-; cortex superior ca. 25p
crassitndine insuper gelifactus, cum crystallis flavo-brnnneis, hyphis tenuibus plus minnsve
periclinalibus ; stratum algarum 55-60p crassihdine, sub apothecio crassins, cellulis 5-6,u diametro ;
medulla laxe contexta, hyphis tenuibus, pachydermeis, 3.5p diametro; cortex inferior 18-2%
crassitudine, gelifactus, fastigiatus, cellulis plus minusve isodiametricis. Apothecia in verrucis
thallinis immersis, disco primum concave dein cerebriformiter expanso, flavo, ad 3-4 mm. diametro,
basi constricta, immarginata ; amphithecium non bene evolutum ; parathecium llOp crassitudine
centro, ad marginem tenuescens, hyphis periclinalibus, leptodermeis, strato extero 35p crassitudine,
hyphis superficiei extero perpendicularibus, gelifacto, crystallis minutis flavobrunneis insperso ;
hypothecium ca. 75,~ crassit~~dine, hyphis verticalibns, no11 aliter distinctum; thecium ca. 90r
altitudine ; paraphyses tenues,'leptodermeae, simplices vel semel bisve dichotome ramosae, septatae,