LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

DODGE--LICHEN8 AND LICHEN PARASITE8 161
protococcoid in spherical colonies about 35p in diameter. Apothecial warts sublecanorine somewhat
constricted at the base 2-3 mm. broad, 1 mm. high, rounded or rarely crowded and then
somewhat angular; amphithecium thick, entire, ostiolar discs depressed, black with 34 thecia
per wa.rt; thecia ellipsoidal, 500p tall and 250-350p in diameter; paraphysrs slender, flexuous, .
branched and ailastomosing ; hypotheci~un about75p thick, of tangled, deeply staining hyphae ; asci
about 350 X 35p, cylindric, thick-walled; ascospores nlostly 4, rarely 2 per ascns, hyaline, sheath
7-8p thick, one or both apices of the protoplast truncate, 54-88 X 3545p.
Zahlbrnckner gives the spores as "88-25p loiigis et 4244p longis", probably misprint for
88-125p longis et 4244p latis.
On rocks with Pertusaria cineraria, Aspiciliopsis rn~acropltthalnta and Ruellia tristiuscula.
Crozet Archipelago : Possessioil Island, Anlericail Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B20-8.
Kerguelen : Observatory Bay, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B192-39.
Pertusaria tyloplaca Nyl., C. R. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 83,90; 1876.
Type : Campbell Island, Filhol.
Thallus investing mosses or hepatics, circular, abont 4 cm. in diameter, white, thick, almost
foliose, surface subcerebriform ; cortex 50-60p thick, snbfastigiate, somewhat gelified ; algal layer
60-80p thick, of closely packed, protococcoid cells, more or less in vertical rows, up to 18p in
diameter, a few extending deeper into the medulla; medulla rariable in thickness, of very slender,
densely woveii hyphae. Apothecial warts, hemispheric, mostly abont 1 mm. in diameter, more or
less confluent and irregular, disc flat, isabeHa colour, 0.5-0.7 mm. in diameter ; parathecinm about
35p thick, hyaline, of very slender, conglutinate, periclilial hyphae, opening by a very narrow,
slightly depressed ostiole ; hypothecium abont 35-5OP thick, of very slender, densely woven hyphae,
covering the base of the cavity only; thecinm more or less spherical, about 120p in diameter;
paraphyses branched and anastomosed, not abundant, about 1p in diameter in the thecial gel; asci
cylindric [8-spored fide Nyl.] ; ascospores monostichous, nnicellular, ellipsoidal, somewhat
yellowish, 100-120 X 36-44p, sheath thin, about 3p thick.
In the apothecia sectioned, the asci have disappeared and the spores are somewhat shrunken,
but from the spores still in the thecium they are probably n~onostichous. Spermogonia not seen.
Some of the collections are old and sterile, but have been referred here on such characters as are
observable.
Macquarie Island : Featherbed Flat, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B531-19, B531-20 ; highlands,
B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. B534-8.
Lecanidiwn Mass., Miscell. Lich., 36; 1856.
Clausaria Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV, 15, 45; 1861.
Lecanora sect. Pwnospora Th. Fr., Lich. Arctoi, 216 ; 1861.
Pionospora Th. Fr., Lichenogr. Scand. 1, 304 ; 1874.
Pertusaria sect. Lecanmatdrum Miill.-Arg., Flora, 67, 268 ; 1884.
Leeanora sect. Lecattidium Jatta, FI. Ital. Cryptog., 3,317 ; 1910.
Type: Lichen oculatus Dicks. Clausa1*1a was based on C. pallens Nyl. Pionospqra and
Lecanorastz~nz were based on L. bryonfha Ach.