LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

j'
DODGE-LICHENS AND LICHEN PABABITEB 199
soredia. In some respect$, it suggests a small U. (Protcrus?~m) lethariiforntis Mot. from so~~thern
Chile, Patagonia and the Falkland Islands, and in others, U. (Euuma, Articukztae) prwlonga
Stirton from South and East Africa. Species like the present strengthen Motyka's view that
Protownea and Neuropog-on are the primitive groups in the genus and make the recognition of
h7eziropogolt as a separate genus very difficult.
Known only from the abundant collection from the type locality.
TJSNEA TRACHYCARPA (Stirton) Miill.-Arg.
Uma trachycarpa (Stirton) Mull.-Arg., Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital., 21, 37 ; 1889.
Neuropogon trachycarpm Stirton, Scottish Nat., 6,105; 1881.
Usnea sulphurea Tuck., Bull. TorreyBotTClub, 6, 57; 1875 : Bull. [U.S.] Nat. Mus., 3, 27; 1876
ncm alw loco nee aliorum.
Usnca Naumami Mull.-Arg., Bot: Jahrb. [Engler] , 4, 54 ; 1883.
B Neurqpogcm ntelazanthus v. ciliatw Crombie, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. [London], 168,47 ; 1879 non
Nyl. 1865.
Usnca melaxantha v. ciliata Wilson, MBm. Herb. Boissier, 18, 87 ; 1900 ilon Miill.-Arg. 1892.
Type: Kerguelen, Moseley ("Challeilger" Exp.). The type of Ti. Nazbnlanni from Kergnelen,
Betsy Cove, Naumann ("Gazelle" Exp.) .
Thallus about 5 cm. tall when well developed, usually growing in dense tufts from a common
base, erect, dichotomously branched, branches ascending; often closely ramulose, especially above ;
W l y clay colour to cinnamon buff just above the blackened foot to primrose yellow or colonial
bufF a-bove, tips, especially of the ramuli and cilia, blackened, often annularly so, but not annularly
cracked, very smooth and something shining, branches somewhat constricted at the base and slightly
inffated, &imary branches often up to 2 mm., successive branches more slender, often about 0.6 mm.
just below the apothecia ; cortex continnous, not characteristically cracked, approximately terete,
but often foveate or papillate; ramuli usually abundant above, erect, relatively long, cylindric,,
slender, smooth and shining; cortex 75p thick, a palisade of conglutinate, gelified hyphae with
included very minute crystals, outer lop structureless; algal layer about 100p thick, of very
irregular discrete colonies, separated by broad bands of medulla, cells not closely packed in colonies,
/ mostly 6-7p, occasionally up to llr in diameter; medulla variable in thickness, sometimes onter
half, sometimes the whole rather compact, sometimes the inner half arachnoid; chondroid axis
450-750p in diameter, circular in cross section, of longitudinal, thick-walled, conglutinate hyphae
about 4p in diameter.
Apothecia probably strictly lateral, athough usually appearing terminal, deeply cupulate at
first, shallower later, very rarely nearly flat, commonly up to 6 mm. in diameter, exciple papillate,
sometimes rugose reticulate and slightly foveolate ill fully mature ones, cilia irregularly scattered
over the surface, the marginal cilia dense, short, conical, quite variable in size, usually wholly
black ; disc zinc orange to tawny, epruinose, with a slender margin ; amphithecial cortex 30p thick,
a palisade of relatively large hyphae covered with minute crystals and imbedsded in a slightly
yellowish gel, the outer 7-8p wholly gelified ; algal layer somewhat variable in thickness, of loosely
arranged cells 8-11p in diameter, separated by strands of loosely woven medullary hyphae;
medulla otherwise not differentiated; parathecium a palisade of subvertical hyphae 3-4p in
diameter, imbedded in a gel; hypothecium 90p thiek, of loosely woven subvertical hyphae, the
lower zone (about 2OP) more deeply staining, not &early differentiated from the thecium; thecium
about 70p tall; paraphyses dichotomously branched, septate, 2p in diameter, tips not thickened,