LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

DODGE-LICHENS AND LIUHEN PARASITES 189
b&illifm, slightly constricted in the middle, about 5 X 0-5p [seen floating in crushed prepara-
tions; fully developed spermogonia not seen in sections].
This species approaches Alectoria in its fruticose habit, circular cross section witbalgal layer
surrounding the upper part of the lobes. As the algae die, the thallus blackens irregularly and
more rapidly on the morphological underside. The structure of the cortex clearly shows its
relatiopship to Pwmelia, subgenus Hypogymnia, rather than to Alectoria.. The lack of chondroid
tissue distinguishes it h m other members of the Usneaceae, while the presence of the amphi-
thecium separates it from the Unciales series of Cladonia. The wholly fruticose habit with much
longer internodes and clearly developed perforations on the morphological under surface, although
not abundant served to separate it from P. lugubris Pers. with which it is close in its morphological
details, although most measurements are smaller.
Apparently growing on earth or rocks, perhaps among mosses.
Macquarie Island, Wind Desert, top of Hills, H. Hamilton, A.A.E. 106, type: Featherbed
Flat, Sta. 81a, B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. 531-23 (immature).
'. EUPARMELIA Nyl.
Parmelia subgenus Euprmelia Nyl. in Hue, Revue de Bot., 4,375 ; 1885-6.
Type : P. capmta (L.) Ach.
Thallus foliose, rhizinae always present, either uniformly distributed, or absent from the
margins; medulla of loosely woven hyphae, uniform.
Section MELAN~WARMELIA Hue.
Parmelia subgenus Euparmelia sect. N.elanupa.maelia (Hue) Zahlbr. in Engler & Prantl, Nat.
Pflanzenfam. I, I*, 212 ; 1907.
Parmelia sect. Melamoparmelia Hue, Nouv. Arch. Mus. [Paris] IV, 1, 138; 1899.
Type : P. stygia (L.) Ach.
Thallus greenish brown, chestnut hrown to black, under surface sparingly covered with
rhizinae ; apothecia sessile.
PARMELIA STYQIOIDES Nyl.
Parmelia stygioides Nyl. in Crombie, Jour. Bot. Brit. For., 13, 333; 1875: Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot..
15, 183 ; 1876 : Jour. Bot. Brit. For., 15, 103 ; 1877 : Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. [London], 168,
48 ; 1879 : Hue, Nouv. Arch. Mus. 11, 2, 291 ; 1890 : Zahlbr., Deutsche Siidpolar Exp., 8,48 ;
1906.
Type : Kerguelen, Swain's Bay, A. E. Eaton (Venus Transit Exp.).
Resembling a small P. stygia, but more constricted, with thallus chestnut brownish, sub-
opaque, medulla K- yellow ; apothecia with entire thalline margin ; ascospores ellipsoid,
7-8 X 4-5p; spermatia subfusiform, acicular, scarcely constricted in the middle, 5-6 X 0.8~.
We have seen no material referable here.
Section HYPQTRACHYNA Vainio.
Parmelia subgenus Euparmelia sect. Hyptrachyna Zahlbr. in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. I,
I*, 212 ; 1907.
Parmelia sect. Hypotraehynu Vainio, Etude Lich. BrCsil, 1, 38 ; 1890.
Type : P. acanthifolia Pers.