LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

DODGE-LIOHENS AND LICHEN PARASITES 219
4548 X 10-12~, tips thiclreiied when young; ascospores distichons, hyaline, 2-celled, slightly constricted
at the septum, straight, 10-12 X 6-7p, ends ronnclecl, occasionally acute.
While the growth habit seems to separate this clearly from R. genicu!atu, its anatomy shows it
to be clearly related to that species and there seems to be no clear microscopic characters to
:.eparate it cscept the slightly broader ?pores. Lichen lincnris 8\77. from Nrw Zealand was early
confused with a similar plant from America and all subsequent descriptioiis were based on American
material. R. H. Howe, Bryologist, 17; pl. 6, fig. 4; 1914 reprodnces a photograph of Swartz'
type but gives no micl-oscopic details in the text. This seems to be a smaller, narrower, more closely
branched plant, perhaps laclriilg its base. Only a microscopic examination of the type aiid a stndy
of more New Zealand material can settle the identities. The material described above belongs in the
section Ecorticutue Stnr.
RAMALINA GENICULATA Hook. f. & Taylor.
Ramalina yenicuh.ta Hook. f. & Tayl., London Jour. Bot., 3, 655; 1844: Crypt. Antarct., 83, 1845;
F1. Antarct., 1, 195 ; 1845.
Ramalina gracilis M'ul1.-Arg., Flora, 71, 132; 1888 non (Pers.) Nyl.
Type: New Zealand, J. D. Hooker (Voy. " Erebus 8; Terror") in Taylor Herb. at Harvard
University, plants marked "b" by Muller-Argau and determined by him as R. gracilis. The type
of B. gracilis (Pers.) Nyl. is from Brasil, Gaudichaud.
Thallus 2 cm. or more tall, lower portion somewhat flattened, 1 mm. in diameter, branching
dichotomous, middle branches terete, nervose costate, upper branches terete, smooth, not sorediose,
ashy white (now 1944 light pinkish cinnamon to pinkish cinnamon) ; apothecia occasional on the
middle branches, prodnciug a slight bend, often several along the ultimate branches, there
producing a bend almost at right angles below, with less bending by the smaller apothecia above;
cortex lacking, replaced by a layer of mechanical tissue, about 75p thick, thinning in places to
35p or thickening to 90p, of gelified, conglutinate, thick-walled hyphae, 7.5~ in diameter, lumen
lp, longitudinal except inst below the apothecium where they are less regular but not forming a
palisade, the outer 10-15~ brownish yellow from the minute crystals and pigmentation of the cell
walls, the inner portion yellowish with few crystals; algal layer abont 3 5 thick, ~ continuous, of
cells up to 7-8~ in diameter, protococcoid, separated by medullary hyphae; medulla I