LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

DODGE-LIUHBNS AND LIUHEN PARASITES 147
Medulla loose above with compact lower layer
Upper cortex 3OP, upper 10-12r, brown, surface very rugose, medullary
hyphae 6-7~; King George V and Queen Mary
Lands . . . . . . . . U. subcmebriforrrtis
Upper cortex 2OP fastigiate, resting on a layer of subfastigiate hyphae
20-4OP, surface smooth, medullary hyphae about lp; Marie Byrd
Land and King Edward VII Land . . . . U. pateriforntis
UMBILICARIA CRISTATA Dodge & Baker.
Umbilicariu cristutu Dodge & Baker, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard., 25,565 ; 1938.
Type : King Edward VII Land, Rockefeller M'ts., Mt. Helen Washington, P. Siple, F. A. Wade,
S. Corey and 0. D. Stancliff HW-la.
Thallus monophyllous, 2-3 cm. in diameter, surface smooth or verrucose and rugose near the
centre, margin somewhat 1acerate.with dense tufts of rhizinae, very brittle when dry, ashy pruinose,
minutely rimulose areolate, especially toward the centre; below fuscous, margins lighter with
occasional cylindrical, branched rhizinae, tips and branches ashy; upper cortex 5-lop thick, of
loose pseudoparenchyma, the cells 3-5r, in diameter, outer ones darlr, the whole covered by an
irregular layer of dead cells, 3-6r, thiclr ; algae up to lop in diameter, protococcoid, scattered near
the cortex, medulla 140-15OP thiclr, of branched and anastomosing hyphae 2-3r, in diameter,
loosely woven above, more or less periclinal near the lower cortex which is 30-4OP thiclr, dark
on the outside, hyaline within, pseudoparenchymatous ; rhizinae dark with a pseudoparenchymatous
cortex continuous with that of the thalJus and with periclinal hyphae within; stipe very irregular
in cross section, 1-5-2.5 mm. in diameter with a central opening 1 mm. in diameter; cortex darlr,
medulla hyaline, of compact, vertical cells. Sterile.
Our material, also sterile, agrees closely with the type. It had been removed from the roclr
and determined as Gyrophora cylindrica v. denudu by Cheel.
Queen Mary Land: Hippo Nunatalr, C. F. Harrisson, A.A.E. 65-1 ; Possession Nunatak, C. F.
Harrisson, A.A.E. 60-2.
UMBILICARIA SPONQIOSA Dodge & Baker.
Umbilica&a spongwsa Dodge & Baker, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard., 25,566 ; 1938.
Type : Marie Byrd Land, Edsel Ford Range, Lichen Pealr, P. Siple and S. Corey, 73-9.
Thallus monophyllous up to 15 cm. in diameter, surface deeply reticulate rugose and verrucose
in centre, smoother and only impressed at the margin which is smooth, not torn and very crisped,
leathery when dry, mummy brown to light buff, pruinose very slightly areolate in the centre,
otherwise not craclred ; below sepia, smooth, very densely rhizinose ; rhizinae sepia next the thallus,
becoming pale pinkish buff toward the tips, sparingly branched, cylindric, not anastomosing
into trabeculae; upper cortex 20-25r, thick, surface very uneven, cells thick-walled, 2-3r. in
diameter, isodiametric, not darkened, the whole covered by a layer of dead cells 2 4p thick, or lacking
entirely; algal layer up to 75r, thick, cells up to 12r, in diameter, protococcoid ; medulla 250-400p
thick, of hyphae 2:Wp in diameter, irregularly arranged, often somewhat periclinal next the
lower cortex which is 10-2OP thick, the outer cells isodiametric, thick-walled, dark brown ; rhizinae
of slender branched, rarely anastomosed hyphae, covered with a pseudoparenchymatous cortex
about lop thick; stipe central, 1.5-2 mm. in diameter. in section irregular in outline with small
openings, either central or lateral, of compact hyphal tissue, covered externally and internally by
a dark, pseudoparenchymatous cortex, without algae.
Spermogonia 40OP tall, 325r, in diameter at the base, tapering to a narrow neclr, about 15OP