LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

144 1J.A.N.Z. ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION
Apothecia terminal, up to 4 mm. in diameter, disc black, concave, margin thin, prominent,
exciple with pyramidal verrucae, yellowish becoming cinnamon to Sayal brown in the herbarium ;
pseudoamphithecial cortex continuous with that of the podetium up to 325p thick below, thinning
above to 140,~; true parathecium not clearly differentiated; hypothecium about 75,~ thiclr of very
slender densely woven hyphae, faintly tinged brownish; thecium 185,~ tall, paraphyses slender,
about 2 ,~ in diameter, about thrice dichotomous above the mi, ultimate branches 4 ,~ thick-walled,
closely septate cutting off subspherical cells 5-6,~ in diaineter in a deep brown epithecial gel ; asci
cylindric clavate 110 X 33p, tip thickened; ascospores muriform, 55-65 X 30-33,~, cells very small,
usually a single mature spore per ascus although the asci are sometimes seen with two or more young
spores, hyaline to slightly brownish.
Apparently the cells of the spore separate before germination, as I have seen partially
disintegrated spores similar to those figured by IIooker f. & Taylor, Crypt. Antarct. pl. 79, fig. 11,
8, 9.
Campbell Island, J. D. Hoolrer (Voy. "Erebu~ & Terror") in Taylor Herb. at Farlow Herb.,
Harvard University, type.
~QOPSIS c m a (Crombie) Stzbgr.
Argopsis cgmosa (Crombie) Stzbgr., Ber. Thiitigk. St. Gall. Naturw. Ges., 1889-90, 231 ; 1891.
Stereocaulon cymowm Crombie, Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot., 15, 182; 1876: Jour. Bot. Brit. For., 15,
103 ; 1877 : Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. [London] ,168, 47 ; 1879 : Rept. Sci. Results Voy. " Challen-
ger" Bot., 1,2,232; 1885.
Stereocadm paschale IIoolr. f. & Tayl., London Jour. Bot., 3, 653; 1844 non Hoffm.
Stereocadon ~orallinum Hoolr. f. & Tayl., Crypt. Antarct., 222; 1845: F1. Antarct., 2, 528; 1847
non Fr.
Argopsis Friesians Miill.-Arg., Bot. Jahrb. [Engler], 3,54 ; 1833 : Zbid., 5,133 ; 1884 : Flora, 71,19 ;
1888.
Argopsis megdospvra Reinke, Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot. [Pringsheim] ,28,119-121; 1895 non Th. Fr.
Type : Kerguelen, Christmas Harbour, 600-1,200 ft., J. D. Hooker (Voy. "Erebus & Terror") ;
specimen same locality, Moseley (Voy. "Challenger") and top of a hill on east side of Carpenter's
cove barren, Smith Dorrien (Venus Transit Exp.) also cited. The following description is based on
one fertile and four sterile specimens, part of type collection in Taylor Herb. but not seen by
Crombie. They were annotated "8. ramuloszlm pumdum, mtarcticum? Cf. S. cymosum Crombie,
Lich. Kerg." by Tuclrerman. They agree with Crombie's description in all particulars.
A. Friesima was bayed on Kerguelen, Betsy Cove, Naumann 255,258, not seen, but from the somewhat
fragmentary description apparently belongs here.
Thallus fruticose, 13-16 mm. tall, 10-25 mm. in diameter, branching near the base into several
trunks about 2 mm. in diameter and 4-5 mm. long, these repeatedly branched to form a dense hemispherical
mass, branches varying from terete to somewhat flattened and obscurely longitudinally
sulcate, decorticate ; ultimate branches (or phyllocladia) coralloid, terete and passing into granular
soredia, K yellow ; cephalodia fuscous, hemispheric and confluent into lqw cerebriform patches on
the larger branches, composed of disintegrating filaments of Stigonma, cells 4-5,~ in diameter,
surrounded by a few loosely woven medullary hyphae; cortex and algal layer not seen; chondroid
axis of slender hyphae, densely interwoven but not so conspicuously longitudinal as in
A. megdospora.