LICHENS AND LICHEN. PARASITES

238 B.A.N.Z. ANTARCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION
hyaline ; paraphyses hyaline, yellow or rufous above ; asci cylindric or somewhat ventricose in
L5
the middle base caudate, 8-spored ; ascospores hyaline, polari-bilocular (rarely unicellular).
Spermogoi~ia te~n~inal on the axis and branches, romd; spermatia cylindric, straight.
POLYCAULTONA CTTRTNA Dodge, sp. nov.
Type : Queen Mary Land, Possession Nunatak, C. T. IIarrisson, A.A.E. 42.
Thallus erectns, longitudine variabilis, insuper phyllocladiis snbsphaericis tectus, citrinus ;
cortex strato extero 12p crassitudine, fastigiatns, hyphis 4p diametro, cellulis brunneis, isodiametricis
crystallis flavo-brunneis iilspersis; intns pseudoparenchymaticus cellulis ad 12p diametro
hyalinis ; stratum algarnm ca. 180p crassitudine, cellnlis cystococcoideis, 7-8p diametro ; medulla
laxe contexta, hyphis 3-4p diametro. Apothecia basi constricta, margine non elevato, disco
aurantiaco, convexiuscnlo; cortex 25p crassitudine, fastigiatus, hyphis leptodermeis, ca. 4,~
diametro, cellulis isodiametricis, crystallis brunileis inspersis; stratum algarum ca. 180p crassitudine,
cellnlis ad 12p diametro; parathecium deest; hypothecium centro 100p crassitudine, ad
marginem tenuescens ; thecinm ca. 60p altitudine ; paraphyses 2p diametro, septatae, dichotomae
super ascos, apicibus no11 incrassatis; asci clavati, ca. 30p longitndine, apicibns incrassatis;
ascosporae nniloculares, pachydermeae, hyalinae, 8-11 X 4-5p.
Spermogonia composita in verrncis thallii~is immersa, murus, 20p crassitndine, hyphi~
tenuibus, hyalinis, periclinalibus; spermatiophorae, raniosae, moniliformae, septatae, 20p longitudine
; spermatia ellipsoidea ca. 2 X 0.7~.
Thallus erect, variable in height, covered above with closely packed subspherical phylloclaclia,
giving a more or less cerebriform appearance ; attached by branching rhizomorphs which penetrate
between the crystals of the rock; lemon clirome to lemon yellow, lighter in the shaded portions;
cortex variable in thickness, outer 12p a pali~ade of brownish hyphae, 4p in diameter, with
isodiametric cells, eilcr~~sted with yellowish brown crystals, completely osbscnring structure in
thick sections, inner portion pseudoparenchymatous, cells variable in size, up to 12p in diameter;
algal layer somewhat variable, about 180p thiclr, of colonies of Cystococcus, cells 7-8p in diameter,
rather compact, with scattered cells deep in the medulla of loosely woven hyphae 3-4p in diameter.
Apothecia strongly constricted at the base, margin not elevated, disc orange chrome, slightly
convex; amphithecial cortex 25p thick, fastigiate, of thin-walled hyphae about 4p in diameter,
with isodiametric cells in a gel, the outer cells decomposing with abundant brownish minute
crystals; algal layer about 180p thiclr, cells up to 12p in diameter, closely packed; paratheeium
not differentiated; hypothecium 100p thick, or more in the centre, thinning,toward the margin,
texture similar to that of the medulla below, the upper 25p more deeply staining, of more
slender, subvertical hyphae; thecium about 60p tall; paraphyses about 2p in diameter, closely
septate, sparingly dichotomous above the asci, tips not thickened, ending in a thin epithecial ge!
(easily free in crushed preparations) ; asci clavate, about 30p long, tip moderately thickened, tip
of protoplast rounded to subacute ; ascospores unicellular, relatively thick-walled, 8-11 X 4-5p.
Spermogonia (in A.A.E. 75) developing in thalline warts, compound ; wall about 20p thick,
of slender, hyaline, periclinal hyphae, loosely woven on the outside, conglutinate within ; spermatiophores
septate, branched, moniliform, about 20p long, lining the cavities; spermatia ellipsoidal,
about 2 XO.7+
Unfortunately I have been unable to find apothecia and spermogonia in the same thallus.
The thallus is very uniform in appearance in all of the specimens, most of which are sterile aiicl
fragmented from attempts to remove them from the rocks.
King George V Land : Madigan Nnnatalr, 2,400 ft., 30 miles east of Cape Denison, C. F.