alytical practical grammar - Toronto Public Library

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
THE PREDICATE NOMINATIVE, &c.
796. RULE IX.-The predicate substantivc, after a
vcrb, is put in the same case as the subject be/ore it; as­
" It is 1"-" He shall be called John "-" She walks a queen "-" I took
it to be him "-" He seems to be a sc1wlar "-" The opinion is, that he u'i!l
live." Hence-
NOTE.-A. the 8ubject of a verb can he only in the nominative (760).
or objective (872) the predicate 6uLstantive can be only in the nominative
or objective.
797. Any verb may b,' the copula betweeu t.he subject nnd the predicate
8lILstanth'e, except a transitive verb in the active v.)ice. But those most
cOlDlllunly u,~d in this way are the verLs to be, to become, to seem, to appear;
intrallsitive ",,110.; of motion, position, &e, aud passive verbs, denoting to
cl/ll, name, style, appoint, choose, make, esteem, rcckon, &e.
798. The predicate substantive after a verb may be anything that can
ue the SUbject of a verb (7G:;).
799. The infinitive without a subject, or the participle of a copUlative
verb (601) iu a substantil'c clause, has a predicate Bul)stantil"e after it in
the nomi:,a(:ve; as,
" To be a fordgner is a dislldvflnbge."
., lie wa' not known to be a {urci::ner."
"IEs vein; aforeir;ner was not kllOWU."
.. lIe wa, suspected of being a foreigner."
" W l' did not know his being [or, of bis being] (J foreigner.
In all tbese examples, the word fureigner i; the predicate nominative
after to be, 01' being, becau,e these phrases being only abritlgcd dependent
chusrs (051). (be preJie:ote nonn lemailiS iu the same case nfter the clanse
is ai)l'itiiicd as it was befure. 'fhu"," He wa_ ""t known to be a foreigner
"=" It was not known thllt he was II (o}'(if!,ner." A" then, in the latter
furm.J')rcl~·"er is ill the numina(i," untie!' the rule, it remains the same in
the abritic:e,J furm, aud w of tbe uther examples. But when we say. "For
him (0 be a/urci"lIer," 01', .. \\' e did not kr.ow him to be nforeigner" (396),
hilll, in butb examples, i, the subi,'ct of to be, audforeigner is in the object
I I'c', according to tlie rule. '
POSITlON.
800. Tbe usual position of the predicate substantive is after the verb,
as that of the subject is before it, and this is always the order of construction.
But in both the direct and the indirect questioD, and in inverted
selltclIc('S, its place is often differen!; thlls, " WHO is he ?:'-" We know not
WPO h~ ~~ "=:~ 1~ /(~ !t. .~'!L'DL~r'~ "~" He is th! ~ame THAT ht' was "_u The