alytical practical grammar - Toronto Public Library

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COMPOSITION. 235 COMPOSITION. 1119. COMPOSITION is the art of expressing our sentiments in spoken or written language. It is of two kinds, Prose and Poetry. 1120. Pro3e compositions are those in which the thoughts are expl'esscd in the natural order, in common and ordinary language. 1121. Poetic compositions are those in which the thoughts and sellti· ments are expressed in measured verse. iu loftier and more inverted stvle, by words and figures B~lected and arranged eo as to please the ear, ;\ud cuptivate the fallcy. 1122. In both of these, speech or discourse is either direct or ;nrlircd. 1123. Direct discoursc is that in which a wl·itel' 0[' speaker delivers his own sentiments. 1124. Indirect or oblique discourse is that in which a person rclnte8, in his own langua!;e, what another speaker 0[' wlitel' said. 1125. In thefiTst, when the speaker referR to himself, he uscs the first person lor IDe. W hen he refers to the person (II' persons aJdresoed, he nees the second person tllOlt, you, Joe. 1126. In the second or indirect di,c()ul's(', whether the speaker is reported as referring to himself, or to those whom he addrest't'8, tLe thiro person is used in either ca~e; a" he, she, they, &c. An example will best illustrate the rlistinction. Thus: 1127. DIRECT DISCOl:RSE. TLen Paul stooo in the midst of ~[ars hill ond said: "Yemen of A thens, I perceive thnt in all things ye are too supel",titious; for as I pa'8c(1 by and beLeh! your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription: • To TOE U:-OXNOWN GOD.' Whom, therefore, ye ignorantly worship, him de· clare I unto you." 1128. INDIllECT DISCOURSE. 'l'he same, reported iu indirect or oblique discourse, would run thus: Then Paul, standing on Mars hill. told the men of Athens, he perceived that in all things they were too superstitious; for as he passed by and beheld their devotions, he found an altar with this inscription: .. To THE UNKNOWN GOD." Whom, therefore, they ignorantly worshipped, him ,Iec1ared he unto them. 1129. When the reporter, the speaker rcporteu, and the person
236 ENGLISH GRAlIIMAR. "Then the son went to his father and said to him, [indirect] that he (the Eon) had sinned against Heaven and in his (his father's) sight." It will at once be perceived, that, without the words enclosed in brackets, for explallation, it would be impossible to tell whether by the word !t~, the fallteT or the son was intended; so al80 with respect to the word !
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I~ dJLL~~ ~~
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PREFACE THIS work is prepnred on a
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INDEX AND TABLE OF CONTENTS, GUHIMA
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CONTENTS, VERBS, Number aud Person
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GRAMMAR. 1. GRAMMAR i~ both a SCIEN
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---~ ORTHOGRAPHY-LETTERS. 11 diphth
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ORTHOGRAPHY-SYLLABLES. 13 DIVISION
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ORTHOGRAPHY-SPET.J.ING. 15 RVLE v.
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ETYMOLOGY-WORDS. 17 PART I I. ETYMO
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ETYMOLOGY-NOUNS. 19 NOUNS. 100. A N
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ETYIIIOLOGY-NOUNS-PERSON. 21 PERSON
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ETYrtIOLOGY-NOUNS-PERSON. .21 PERSO
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ETYMOLOG Y-NOUNS-G ENDER. 23 Mascul
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ETYlIIOLOGY-NOUNS-NUlIIDER. 25 NUMB
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Singular. Plural. Brother (one of t
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ETy~roLOGY-NOUNS-NUMBER. 29 Singula
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ETYMOLOGY-NOUNS-CASE. 31 THE PLURAL
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ETYMOLOGY-NOUNS-POSSESSIVE. 33 for
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ETYMOLOGY-NOUNS. 35 What nouns are
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ETYMOLOGY-ARTICLE. 37 eated by the
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ETYMOLOGY-ADJECTIVES. 39 5. ])efini
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ETYMOLOGY-ADJECTIVES. 41 l~s8 and l
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ETYMOLOGY-AD.JECTI'VES • 43 .lIfo
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. 45 PRONOUNS. 22
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. 47 for my, &c.
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. PARSING. 253. P
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. 51 with au ivor
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. 53 275. In old
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ETYMOLOGY -PRONOUNS. 55 285. It is
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. 57 295. Own is
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ETYMOLOGY-PRONOUNS. 59 EXERCISES ON
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ETYMOLOGY-VERBS. 61 strikes me;" sl
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ETYMOLOGY-AUXILIARIES 63 THE USE OF
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JJ:TYMOLOGY-AUXILIARIES. 65 penr "_
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E'l'YMOLOGY-VERBS--VOICES. 67 360.
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ETYMOLOGY-VERBS-MOODS. 69 In paning
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ETYMOLOG Y-VERBS-MOODI>. 71 388. Th
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ETYMOJ,OG Y - VERBS-TENSES. 78 403.
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ETYMOLOGY-VERB-TENSES. 75 TENSES OF
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ETYMOLOGY-VERB-TENSEs. 77 TENSE OF
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ETYMOLOGY-PARTICIPLES. 79 458. The
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ETYMOLOGY-VERB-CONJUGATION. S1 1. T
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ETl'MOLOGY-VERB-CONJUG ATION. 83 PA
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ETYMOLOGY-VERB-CONJUGA TION. 85 PAR
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ETYl\wtOGY-VERB-CONJUGATION. 87 PRE
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ETYMOLOGY--VERB--CONJUGATION. 89 (D
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ETYl\10LOGY-VERB-CONJUGATION. 91 EX
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':TYlIIOLOGY-VERBS-CONJUGATION. 93
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ETYMOLOGY-VERB-CONJUGATION. 95 POTE
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ETYMOLOGY-"ERBS-IRREGULAR. 97 EXERC
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1!:TYl\IOLOGY-VERBS-IRREGULAR. 99 P
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El'Yl\IOLOG~-VERBS-IBBEGULAB. lOt P
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ETYlIIOLOGY-VERBS-DEFECTIVE. 103 51
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ETYMOLOGY-.\ DVERBS. 105 525. On th
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ETYMOLOGY-ADVERBS. 107 3. Many comp
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ETYMOLOG Y-PREPOSITIONS. 109 have e
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ETY ;o.IOLOG Y - PRli:POSITIONS. 11
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1;:TYlIfOJ.OGY-CONJUNCTIONS. tIS CO
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ETYMOLOGl'-PABSING. 115 PARSING. 57
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ETYMOLOGY-PARSING. 117 Previous to
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t'ry ~JOr,OG V--PARSING, It!} im1ls
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ETYMOLOGY-PARSING, 121 1. Alexander
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L He laughed at such folly. 2. They
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ETYMOLOG Y-PARSING. 12£> pbrase, i
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SYNTAX-ANALYSIS. 127 592. A compoun
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"YNTAS-ANAI.Y~T"· EXERCISES. I. In
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SYNTAX-ANALYSIS. 131 615. A grammat
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SYNTAX-A.NA.LYSIS. 133 Time flies.-
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SYNTAX-A NAT,\"5fS, 135 L.~DEPENDEN
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SYNTAX-ANALYSIS. 137 embark thither
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SYNTAX-ANALYSIS, 139 If the sentenc
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SYNTAX-ANALYSTS. 1.11 6. "Conversat
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SYNTAX-ANALYSIS. He who is first to
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RULES OF SYNTAX. 145 RULE I1I.-I. T
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tmLES OF SYNTAX. 117 (NOUN.)_II Say
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SYNTAX-ADJECTIVES. 149 674. A subst
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SYNTAX-ADJECTIVES. 151 grccn."-" Jo
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SYNTAX--ADJECTIVES. 153 8. It has b
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SYNTAX-ARTICLE. 155 709. The is som
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SYNTAX-ARTJCLE. 157 EXERCISES TO BE
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SYNTAX-PRONOUNS. 159 736. The perso
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TH SYNTAX-RELATIYE. 161 TIELATI \'E
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SYNTAX-NO:.lIlNATIVJ3. 163 (748) It
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SYNTAX-NO~lINATIYE. 165 770. In tbi
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SYNTAX-NOJ\IINATIVE. 167 "James or
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."'YNTAX-tior.nNATIVF.. 169 -Each d
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f'YNTAX-OBJECTIVE. 171 DOG it was t
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sYNTAX-OBJECTIVE. 173 voice as the
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SYNTAX-OBJECTlYE. 175 him and warne
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SYNi'AX-PREPOSITIOl\';. 177 He gave
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SYNTAX-PREPOSITIONS. 179 Eq ui vale
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SYNT A X-POSSESSIVE. 181 rode into
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BYNTA X-POSSESSIV~. 18~ the sign of
Page 190 and 191: SYNTAX-SUBJUNCTIVE. 185 SUBJUXCTIVE
Page 192 and 193: SYNTAX-INFINITIVE, 187 866. The inf
Page 194 and 195: SYNTAX-INFINITIVE. 189 886. The inf
Page 196 and 197: YNTAX-PARTICIPLES. 191 900, In this
Page 198 and 199: :;l'NTAX-TENSES. 193 CO~NECTION OF
Page 200 and 201: SYNTAX-ADVERBS. 195 our friend befo
Page 202 and 203: SYNTAX-ADVERB~. 197 PI~lislog varie
Page 204 and 205: di"tinctuc,~ of a whole I'iew.-Only
Page 206 and 207: SYNTAX-CON JUNCTIONS. 201 Though --
Page 208 and 209: SYNTAX-INTER.JEUl'IONS. 2U3 quire m
Page 210 and 211: SYNTAX-ELLIPSIS 976. Another class
Page 212 and 213: SYNTAX-ELLIPSIS. 207 EXERCISES TO B
Page 214 and 215: SYNTAX-PARSING. 209 attentively •
Page 216 and 217: SYNTAX-PROMISCUOUS EXERCISES, 211 t
Page 218 and 219: SY~TAX-PRO.l\lISCUOUS EXERCISES. 21
Page 220 and 221: A. clever bo\flle. He conducts well
Page 222 and 223: PUNCTUATION. dull" But when the com
Page 224 and 225: PUNCTUATION. 219 tesourses in reser
Page 226 and 227: FIGURES. 221 FIGURES. 1039 A FIGURE
Page 228 and 229: POETIC LICENSES. 223 6. An hyperbol
Page 230 and 231: POETIC LICENSES • .. Still in har
Page 232 and 233: PROSODY-VERSI FIe A l'ION. 227 VERS
Page 234 and 235: PROSODY - VERSIFICA TION. 229 1. On
Page 236 and 237: PROSODY-VERSIFICA TION. 231 5. Five
Page 238 and 239: PROSODY-VERSIFICATION. 233 3. Time
Page 242 and 243: COMPOSITION. 237 1135. In the secon
Page 244 and 245: COMPOSITION. 289 PROPRIETY. 1152. P
Page 246 and 247: COllIPOSITION. 2.Jl ~. By invel';io
Page 248 and 249: COMPOSITION. 24$ THEMES. 1164. The
Page 250 and 251: COMPOSITION. 245 88. Life is Short,
Page 252 and 253: .\PPENDIX-PRONUU NS MINE, ETC. --\\
Page 254 and 255: APPENDIX-ADJECTIVE PRONOUNS. 249 5.
Page 256 and 257: APPENDIX-DIVISION OF VERBS. 2&1 inf
Page 258 and 259: APPENDIX-PRESENT INDICATIVE, ETC. '
Page 260 and 261: APPENDIX-FIRST AND SECOND, ETC. 255
Page 262 and 263: APPENDIX-TWO FIRST, THREE LAST, ETC
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