alytical practical grammar - Toronto Public Library

50 ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
4. Change tbe following sentences, so that the pronoun it shall be
omitted, and the suLject or thing spoken of shall stand first (246-4).
It is pleasant to see the sun. It is criminal to deceive. It
is manifest that you have been deceived. It is said that the
cholera has appeared in England. It is easy to talk.
II. RELATIVE PRONOl'NS.
255. A Relative Pronoun is one that relates to, and
connects its clause with, a noun or pronoun before it
called the antecedent (229); as, "The master who
taught us."
256. The antecederJt of a relative may be a noun-a pronoun-an infinitive
mood-a clause of a sentence (636)-or any fact or tbing implied in
it; a~, "A king who is just, makes his people happy;" "He that is wise,
is wise for himself;" "He who reads all will Dot be able to think, witbout
which it is impertinent 10 read; nor to act, without whicl. it is impertinent
to tbink;" ,. 'We are bonnd to obey the Dit'ine law, which we cannot do
without Divine aid;" "The man was said tl' be innocent, wltich be was not."
257. Relative pronouns are of two kinds, Simple and
Compound.
258. The simple relative pronouns are who, which,
that, and 1('lwt. That and what are indeclinable, and
used only in the nominative and objective.
Who is ma~culine or feminine, and which is masculine,
feminine, or neuter. They are declined thus :-
Singular and Plural.
Singular and Plural.
J.Yom. Who
Which
P(JSS. Whose
VillOse
O~j. Whom
Which
259. Who is applied to persons only; as, "The boy
who reads."
260. Which is applied to inferior animals, and things
without life; as, "The dog I('hich barks"-" The book
which was lo~t."
~6~. Thi~ r.elative, as in Latin, sometimes,. for the sake of grealel' per.
SPICUlty, bas Its antecedent repeated after It; as, "I gave him a knife