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During the past year 2 000 crosses among these<br />
selected parents and among hybrids were made.<br />
In the nurseries at ICRISAT Center and at<br />
Hissar we grew a total of 14244 segregating<br />
populations and progeny rows for selection.<br />
Selection for High Yield<br />
Emphasis in selection has been on high yield.<br />
Pedigree selection at the two breeding sites has<br />
provided an opportunity to find segregants adapted<br />
to two diverse environments. Inferior progenies<br />
can be rejected on the basis of visual<br />
observation, but because of differential pod<br />
filling, variation in seed size, and the quantity of<br />
material involved, it has been necessary to make<br />
final selections among the best lines on the basis<br />
of yield measurements. Frequent checks are used<br />
for comparison with the progeny rows, which are<br />
not replicated.<br />
Breeding for Plant Type<br />
Chickpea has a relatively high harvest index, and<br />
the desi types are considered to be efficient<br />
producers. These are relatively short cultivars,<br />
and we are investigating the possibility of increasing<br />
plant height as a means of providing<br />
more sites for pod production. A comparison of<br />
yields of some check cultivars and selected F 3<br />
progenies is given in Table 36. Relative yields per<br />
plot show that the tall parents were not adapted<br />
to Hyderabad conditions. We are pleased with<br />
the performance of the F 3 lines, since it has been<br />
possible to select some that are superior in yield<br />
to the adapted check (Annigeri). We have made<br />
some backcrosses to the high-yielding parent,<br />
and expect the introduction of more genes from<br />
the locally adapted parent to produce higheryielding<br />
segregates.<br />
Diseases of Chickpea<br />
Before breeding for disease resistance could be<br />
initiated, knowledge of the importance and distribution<br />
of chickpea diseases was necessary.<br />
During the last three seasons extensive surveys<br />
Table 36. Comparative performance of normal and tall chickpea cultivars and their F 3 progenies during<br />
1976-1977 at ICRISAT Center (yield based on single meter-length rows, not replicated).<br />
Cultivar/progeny Height Maturity a Yield<br />
(cm)<br />
(kg/ha)<br />
Dwarf parent<br />
Annigeri 30-35 E 2654<br />
G-130 35-40 L 2371<br />
Tall parent<br />
K-1184 65-70 V L 499<br />
K-1481 65-70 V L 747<br />
F 3 progeny<br />
H-208 x K-1258(-37) 54 M 3448<br />
K-4 x K-56567(-18) 60 M 3144<br />
F-378 x K-1184(-28) 60 M 2995<br />
H-208 x K-1258 ( - 3 4 ) 55 M 2931<br />
Annigeri x K-1480 ( - 3 5 ) 51 M 2816<br />
a E = early, M = medium, L = late, VL = very late<br />
99
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