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NATIONAL TRIALS IPMAT NATIONAL BREEDERS<br />
Figure 16. The pearl millet breeding program at<br />
ICRISAT.<br />
tal varieties and best progenies for variety yield<br />
tests (Fig 17). In 1976 two cycles of selection were<br />
completed on four composites, the first cycle on<br />
nine more, and the last is undergoing random<br />
mating prior to the commencement of recurrent<br />
selection. Selection is effected through testing<br />
between 225 and 315 progenies at three or more<br />
locations with one replication in the DM nursery.<br />
Seed for recombination is taken only from<br />
plants remaining disease-free in this nursery. The<br />
selection differential obtained for the mean grain<br />
yield of the progeny selected for recombination<br />
has been about 32 percent, and 25 to 30 progeny<br />
are kept per composite.<br />
Yield tests, conducted on several sites in 1976<br />
in India, included 22 experimental varieties, 81<br />
best progenies, and 7 C 0 vs. C 1 composite bulks<br />
produced as a result of 1975 progeny tests. Four<br />
experimental varieties-WC-C75, IVS-A75,<br />
SSC-C75, and MC-C75 - gave yields equal to the<br />
hybrid check PHB 14 (2070 kg/ha) with better<br />
downy mildew resistance. WC-C75 was also<br />
successful in A I C M I P trials and has been selected<br />
for advanced testing.<br />
Table 13. New source populations from I<strong>RA</strong>T in West Africa.<br />
Population Country of origin Description<br />
3/4 Souna Senegal Obtained by crossing the local selection "Souna"<br />
(I<strong>RA</strong>T P. 10)<br />
2 to a D 2 dwarf source. Selection for resistance<br />
to downy mildew and smut and for good<br />
agronomic characters.<br />
3/4 Ex-Bornu Niger Developed by crossing Nain 1/2 Souna x Ex-<br />
(I<strong>RA</strong>T P. 16) Bornu. Improved Indian germplasm and D 2<br />
gene were also included. Resistant to downy<br />
mildew and smut.<br />
3/4 Hainei-Khirei Niger Obtained by crossing Nain 1/2 Souna x<br />
( I R A T P. 15) Selections of variety P 3 Kolo (Zongo x H K )<br />
and Hainei-Khirei. To this were added germplasm<br />
from Senegal, India, and the D 2 gene.<br />
Resistant to downy mildew and smut.<br />
Saria Synthetic Upper Volta Resulted from six best lines selected in the<br />
( I R A T P. 8) segregating generations of crosses involving<br />
local lines in 1971. Resistant to downy mildew.<br />
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