Retinal Prosthesis Dissertation - Student Home Pages

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four bits represent a spike. The active spike aka biphasic pulse is represented by 1001 i.e. where the first bit will be a negative going pulse and the fourth a positive going pulse. No pulse occurring is 0000. As there are only 50 active spikes allowed to occur within a second due to an `off time’ being associated with each one then any change in colour intensity will only be seen after this off time. 5.6 Summary of FPGA resource utilisation Number of Slice Registers 102 28800 0% Number of Slice LUTs 119 28800 0% Number of fully used LUT-FF pairs 100 121 82% Number of bonded IOBs 193 480 40% Number of BUFG/BUFGCTRLs 3 32 9% Number of DCM_ADVs 1 12 8% Table 14 Receiver chip FPGA resource data 5.7 Post processing for electrodes The biphasic pulse represented in the output stream by “1001” requires some post processing enabling the first bit to represent a negative going current pulse to the implant then after two biphasic clock pulses a positive going current pulse to be delivered to the implant. Although this is a parallel bus topology at this point the address bits have been expended within the receiver chip and hence each output wire can deliver stimulation data directly to the digital to analogue converter circuitry which in turn feeds each stimulation site of the implant. The following block diagram illustrates this process. 101 of 200
Receiver Red plane r1 DAC (4-bit) To corresponding electrodes Where a pulse exists, zero otherwise r2 DAC (4-bit) r3 DAC (4-bit) r4 DAC (4-bit) r5 DAC (4-bit) r6 DAC (4-bit) r7 DAC (4-bit) r8 DAC (4-bit) r9 DAC (4-bit) r10 DAC (4-bit) r11 DAC (4-bit) r12 DAC (4-bit) r13 DAC (4-bit) r14 DAC (4-bit) r15 DAC (4-bit) r16 DAC (4-bit) Figure 49 Outputting to electrodes 102 of 200
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An Address Event Representation (AE
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Abstract\Foreword This document pro
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Contents An Address Event Represent
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--Appendix E FPGA Outputs .........
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Figure 48 receiver rtl_16 .........
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Chapter 1 Introduction/research aim
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foveola (fovea pit) there is a one
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NB that the photoreceptors of the f
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electrodes to be driven implies sti
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Typically AER is used as a multi se
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Real time - innerpulse relationship
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the post processing stage of this w
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Appendix C: FPGA Sender chip Append
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Red (660nm) R / G Red ( 620750nm )
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1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 Table 3 `xo
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Adaptive linear combiner w 0 1 Let
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is correct (one class) and -1 (the
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x2 Linear separation 1.00 0.90 0.80
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This is also the Cartesian co-ordin
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2.4 Comparison to Frame Based Repre
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Typical GOP structure (Typically an
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point is an event occurs for spike
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2.5.1 Files in Appendix A “ycut.m
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MPEG-2 setup AER setup Camera Camer
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2.6.2 FPGA representation of epi_re
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 3 Concepts An epiretinal im
Page 53 and 54: AER Transmission lines INPUT image
Page 55 and 56: electrical pulse generated is calle
Page 57 and 58: Figure 25 Retinal colour processing
Page 59 and 60: cells to modulate this luminance pa
Page 61 and 62: L+ M- + - R-G G-R B-Y Y-B Note: L(r
Page 63 and 64: 3.6.2 Retinal operations Light reac
Page 65 and 66: quantified by number of cycles pres
Page 67 and 68: (Where * is the convolution operato
Page 69 and 70: T frame C * R * M p Tpacket i.e. Tp
Page 71 and 72: e relaxed and from (2) the temporal
Page 73 and 74: one tw o three four five six seven
Page 75 and 76: 3.8.1 Other test images For other b
Page 77 and 78: Tspike (4ms) Ispike (16ms: interspi
Page 79 and 80: INDIGO ORANGE YELLOW MAGENTA CYAN B
Page 81 and 82: 4.1 Sender concepts From chapter on
Page 83 and 84: pixel must equate to 0.02/1024 i.e.
Page 85 and 86: Clocking hierarchy (32 by 32 image)
Page 87 and 88: the number of address bits will alt
Page 89 and 90: Translation report, (3) Map report,
Page 91 and 92: 90 of 200 CLKIN_IN RST_IN pixelcloc
Page 93 and 94: incorporate colour planes for each
Page 95 and 96: Chapter 5 Receiver chip The followi
Page 97 and 98: 5.2 Power Analysis Xilinx FPGAs hav
Page 99 and 100: 98 of 200 produce_wire _outputs Ins
Page 101: 5.5.1 Incoming (short) AER stream T
Page 105 and 106: 5.8.2 Electrode size and positionin
Page 107 and 108: sequence of wiring from the receive
Page 109 and 110: does this is to inject an equivalen
Page 111 and 112: 6.2.2 Envisaged retinal array This
Page 113 and 114: a monochrome camera in this space i
Page 115 and 116: 632mW) thus extending battery life
Page 117 and 118: For the implemented/structural case
Page 119 and 120: The sender and receiver circuitry p
Page 121 and 122: Bibliography 1. Woodburn R. Murray
Page 123 and 124: 38. Banks, D.J., P. Degenaar, and C
Page 125 and 126: 74. Freeman, J.A., Skapura, D. M.,
Page 127 and 128: 109. Weiland, J.D., et al. Progress
Page 129 and 130: 141. Indiveri G. Chicca E. Douglas
Page 131 and 132: 172. Singh, P.R., et al. A matched
Page 133 and 134: 206. Stieglitz, T., et al. Developm
Page 135 and 136: xmixedsource; numberOfFrames = 8; f
Page 137 and 138: %check {k} =imread (['D:\abc\subima
Page 139 and 140: %Two for loops the first (outer loo
Page 141 and 142: %Row break rr6c1=000; rr6c2=000; rr
Page 143 and 144: --Appendix B FPGA Test setup librar
Page 145 and 146: stream_blue_pulse_count: out std_lo
Page 147 and 148: DVI_XCLK_P clock_25MHz, spike_cloc
Page 149 and 150: use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL; --
Page 151 and 152: --Appendix C FPGA Sender chip libra
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-- else -- resit '1', CLKDV_OUT =>
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip --A
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip --E
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip --r
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip blu
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip con
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip --s
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip --
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip --
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FPGA Receiver (structural) chip IO_
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Number with an unused LUT 18 219 8%
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IO Utilization: Number of IOs: 26 N
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The Slice Logic Distribution report
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Router effort level (-rl): Standard
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oming_clock | HOLD | 0.519ns| | 0|
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Part | xc5vlx50tff1136-3 | Process
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Selected Device: 5vlx50tff1136-3 Sl
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used in combination with MAP -timin
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Data Sheet report: ----------------
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“For these implantable devices to
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microstimulator with a 1:4 demultip
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“Medical experiments have estimat
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A Retinomorphic Vision System “In
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“The common language of neuromorp
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