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0 6 0 398 / ANNEX 2 Education for All Global Monitoring Report Table 13 (continued) Country or territory Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo Côte d’Ivoire Democratic Rep. of the Congo Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles 4 Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Swaziland Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe GOAL 4 Improving levels of adult literacy ADULT LITERACY RATE (15 and over) 1990 Total GPI (%) (F/M) 2000-2004 1 Total GPI (%) (F/M) 1990/1991 Total GPI (%) (F/M) GOAL 5 Gender parity in primary education GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO 1998/1999 Total GPI (%) (F/M) 2002/2003 Total GPI (%) (F/M) 63.8 0.71 75.7 0.80 113.8 0.94 ** 125.6 0.96 120.6 0.95 33.2 0.44 48.6* 0.52 * 65.5 0.63 … … 65.5 0.68 27.7 0.51 25.5* 0.31 * 54.7 0.45 67.0 0.58 78.3** 0.64 ** 53.8 0.76 56.2 0.77 75.0 0.73 75.2 0.85 89.6** 0.82 ** 67.1 0.75 82.8 0.87 116.8 0.90 49.6 0.95 80.4 0.93 38.5 0.51 48.1* 0.64 * 65.1 0.71 73.1 0.75 77.6* 0.80 * 47.5 0.56 65.3* 0.65 * 70.6 0.75 49.6 0.90 … … 73.3 0.71 84.2* 0.83 * 162.6 ** 0.95 ** 131.3 0.91** 126.2 z 0.91 z 46.4 0.59 … … 21.3 0.94 53.2 0.83 63.4 0.81 28.6 0.53 41.5 0.69 31.8 0.66 49.9 0.60 70.0 0.77 … … … … 141.8 ** 0.98 ** 134.1 1.00 132.2 0.99 25.6 0.62 … … 61.1 0.68 79.9 0.85 85.2 0.98 ** 58.5 0.67 54.1* 0.73 * 72.1 0.83 76.8 0.90 83.0 0.91 27.2 0.30 … … 34.0 0.47 58.4 0.63 81.5 0.77 … … … … 49.9 ** 0.55 ** … … 69.7** ,y 0.67 ** ,y 70.8 0.75 73.6* 0.90 * 94.5 0.95 90.2 0.98 92.4 0.94 78.0 1.37 81.4* 1.23 * 112.1 1.21 109.2 1.08 126.4 1.01 39.2 0.41 55.9 0.54 … … 89.6 0.74 … … 58.0 0.75 70.6* 0.85 * 93.6 0.98 95.6 0.97 119.6 0.96 51.8 0.53 64.1* 0.72 * 68.0 0.83 146.2 0.95** 140.1 0.96 … … 19.0* 0.44 * 25.3 0.60 48.8 0.71 58.4 0.76 79.8 0.88 84.3* 0.91 * 109.2 1.00 107.6 1.00 103.8 1.01 33.5 0.37 46.5 0.50 63.9 0.76 81.2** 0.74** 103.4 0.81 74.9 0.94 85.0* 0.96 * 123.9 1.09 113.9 1.01 105.0 1.01 11.4 0.28 14.4* 0.48 * 27.8 0.58 30.9 0.67 43.5 0.69 48.7 0.65 66.8 0.80 91.9 0.78 86.1** 0.76** 119.4 0.81 53.3 0.70 64.0* 0.84 * 71.3 0.98 118.6 0.97 122.0 1.00 … … … … … … 107.1 0.96 126.4** ,z 0.94 ** ,z 28.4 0.49 39.3* 0.57 * 57.5 0.73 68.6 0.86** 79.9 0.92 … … 91.9* 1.01 * … … 112.8 0.98 109.6 0.99 … … 29.6* 0.52 * 50.3 0.69 … … 78.9 y 0.70 y … … … … … … … … … … 81.2 0.98 82.4* 0.96 * 106.6 0.99 114.4* 0.97* 105.6 0.96 71.6 0.95 79.2* 0.97 * 97.7 0.98 104.3 0.95 98.2 0.93 44.2 0.47 53.0* 0.56 * 110.0 0.66 132.3 0.76 121.2 0.83 56.1 0.63 68.9 0.75 68.7 0.80 143.3 0.90 140.7 0.98 62.9 0.68 69.4* 0.80 * 67.2 0.98 61.8 0.99 90.8 0.96 68.2 0.75 67.9* 0.78 * 93.7 0.91 ** 81.2 0.93 82.2 0.93 80.7 0.87 90.0 0.92 103.6 0.99 … … 92.9 0.98 Weighted average Weighted average World Countries in transition Developed countries Developing countries Arab States Central and Eastern Europe Central Asia East Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean North America and Western Europe South and West Asia Sub-Saharan Africa 75.4 0.84 81.9 0.88 99.1 0.89 100.5 0.92 103.6 0.94 99.2 0.99 99.4 0.99 97.0 0.99 100.5 0.99 105.6 0.99 98.0 0.99 98.7 0.99 101.9 0.99 102.1 1.00 100.6 1.00 67.0 0.76 76.4 0.83 98.8 0.87 100.3 0.91 103.9 0.93 50.0 0.56 62.7 0.69 85.7 0.80 89.7 0.87 93.8 0.90 96.2 0.97 97.4 0.97 98.0 0.98 97.3 0.96 99.5 0.97 98.7 0.99 99.2 0.99 89.4 0.99 98.9 0.99 101.6 0.98 81.8 0.84 91.4 0.92 116.9 0.94 111.6 0.99 110.9 0.99 85.0 0.96 89.7 0.98 104.3 0.98 121.4 0.98 119.5 0.98 97.9 0.99 98.7 0.99 104.0 0.99 102.5 1.01 100.8 1.00 47.5 0.58 58.6 0.66 92.2 0.76 94.5 0.83 102.0 0.92 49.9 0.67 59.7 0.76 73.5 0.83 80.0 0.84 91.1 0.86 1. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified. See introduction to the Statistical annex for broader explanation of national literacy definitions, assessment methods, sources and years of data. 2. Literacy data for the most recent year do not include some geographic regions. 3. In countries where two or more education structures exist, indicators were calculated on the basis of the most common or widespread structure. In the Russian Federation this is three grades of primary education starting at age 7. However, a four-grade structure also exists, in which about one-third of primary pupils are enrolled. Gross enrolment ratios may be overestimated. 4. National population data were used to calculate enrolment ratios.
STATISTICAL ANNEX / 399 Table 13 GOAL 5 Gender parity in secondary education GROSS ENROLMENT RATIO 1990/1991 Total GPI (%) (F/M) 1998/1999 Total GPI (%) (F/M) 2002/2003 Total GPI (%) (F/M) Country or territory 20.9 * … … … 69.7 1.09 11.5 0.40 … … … … 7.0 0.20 10.7 0.26 14.5 ** 0.33 ** 17.6 * 0.65 * 24.8 0.81 31.0 0.83 46.2 0.72 … … 32.0 ** ,z 0.71 ** ,z 21.3 0.48 22.5 ** 0.54 ** 25.9 ** ,z 0.56 ** ,z … … 18.4 0.52 … … … … 31.0 0.61 ** 29.7 ** ,z 0.57 ** ,z … … 23.3 0.69 28.1 0.65 13.5 0.75 12.9 0.67 21.9 0.57 … … 45.7 0.86 50.9 ** ,z … 18.4 0.49 31.4 0.64 34.1 ** 0.69 ** 34.7 0.63 36.7 0.78 42.4 0.81 9.5 0.33 13.9 ** 0.36 ** 24.1 ** 0.46 ** … … … … 17.8 ** ,y 0.54 ** ,y 23.8 0.74 29.9 ** 0.90 ** 32.9 0.92 ** 25.4 1.47 31.7 1.39 34.7 1.28 … … 30.5 0.65 … … 17.6 0.97 14.3 ** 0.96 ** … … 8.0 0.46 32.9 0.70 ** 33.0 ** 0.76 ** 6.6 0.51 13.6 0.53 19.5 0.55 52.9 1.01 70.8 ** 1.00 ** 81.2 1.00 6.9 0.57 9.8 ** 0.68 ** 15.9 0.66 38.9 1.26 57.3 1.15 62.4 1.12 6.5 0.43 6.7 0.63 7.0 0.66 24.8 0.77 … … 36.4 0.81 8.2 0.76 9.6 0.88 16.1 0.81 … … … … 39.2 ** ,z 0.84 ** ,z 16.3 0.53 16.7 ** 0.64 ** 19.4 0.69 … … 114.0 1.00 110.9 1.00 16.6 0.57 … … 26.4 y 0.70 ** ,y … … … … … … 66.3 1.16 89.8 * 1.13 * 87.7 ** 1.08 ** 41.3 0.93 48.4 1.00 45.3 1.01 22.7 0.34 33.6 0.40 … … 12.5 0.56 9.8 0.64 19.7 ** 0.80 ** 4.7 0.70 5.5 ** 0.82 ** … … 19.6 … 19.8 0.77 ** 27.9 0.83 46.9 0.87 … … 36.3 0.91 Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo Côte d’Ivoire Democratic Rep. of the Congo Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tome and Principe Senegal Seychelles 4 Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Swaziland Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Median Weighted average 56.3 1.07 59.7 0.90 65.2 0.94 95.1 … 88.9 1.01 92.8 0.98 91.7 … 103.4 1.01 106.6 1.03 39.7 … 51.8 0.86 58.3 0.92 48.8 0.73 59.9 0.88 65.0 0.91 86.3 1.03 85.4 0.98 92.3 0.95 97.5 1.04 85.7 0.97 89.0 0.97 52.5 0.91 64.4 0.93 71.0 0.98 53.3 1.01 71.7 1.09 88.2 1.08 98.5 1.05 105.3 1.01 108.2 1.04 33.1 0.44 45.6 0.74 49.9 0.84 17.6 0.81 24.5 0.80 28.4 0.78 World Countries in transition Developed countries Developing countries Arab States Central and Eastern Europe Central Asia East Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean North America and Western Europe South and West Asia Sub-Saharan Africa 5. Children enter primary school at age 6 or 7. Since 7 is the most common entrance age, enrolment ratios were calculated using the 7-11 age group for both enrolments and population. 6. Enrolment ratios were not calculated due to lack of United Nations population data by age. 7. Enrolment ratios were not calculated due to inconsistencies between enrolment and the United Nations population data. 8. Literacy rates for the most recent year were derived from the absolute numbers of illiterates and literates provided to the UIS through its literacy questionnaire. Data in bold are for 2003/2004. (y) Data are for 2000/2001. (z) Data are for 2001/2002.
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EFA Global Monitoring Report 2 0 0
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Education for All UNESCO Publishing
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Foreword This fourth annual Educati
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Acknowledgements Former Director Ch
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Contents Headline messages . . . .
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List of figures, tables and text bo
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Tables 2.1: School life expectancy
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4.9: Working together for better-qu
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Literacy Literacy is: A right still
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Education for All Global Monitoring
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY / 21 25-35% of al
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY / 23 meeting the
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY / 25 builds on le
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LITERACY: THE CORE OF EDUCATION FOR
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argues that there is value in under
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EFA PROGRESS: WHERE DO WE STAND? /
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a continued heavy focus on sub-Saha
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COUNTRY EFFORTS: INCREASING MOMENTU
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INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS: TIME TO
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WHY LITERACY MATTERS / 137 provided
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WHY LITERACY MATTERS / 139 limit si
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WHY LITERACY MATTERS / 141 In Nepal
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WHY LITERACY MATTERS / 143 provided
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WHY LITERACY MATTERS / 145 the exis
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UNDERSTANDINGS OF LITERACY / 149 Li
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UNDERSTANDINGS OF LITERACY / 151 wo
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UNDERSTANDINGS OF LITERACY / 153 Un
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UNDERSTANDINGS OF LITERACY / 155 un
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UNDERSTANDINGS OF LITERACY / 157 Ta
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UNDERSTANDINGS OF LITERACY / 159 A
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MAPPING THE GLOBAL LITERACY CHALLEN
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THE MAKING OF LITERATE SOCIETIES /
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Language issues, literacy practices
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 217 ot
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 219 pa
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 221 th
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 223 co
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 229 Me
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 233 Th
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 235 fr
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 237 Ta
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GOOD POLICY, GOOD PRACTICE / 243 Ta
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SETTING PRIORITIES FOR ACTION / 249
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APPENDIX 1 / 253 include values, ca
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APPENDIX 1 / 255 Figure A1.4 illust
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APPENDIX 1 / 257 Table A1.1 (contin
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APPENDIX 1 / 259 Table A1.3: Change
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APPENDIX 2 / 261 Once the GER by ge
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INTRODUCTION / 263 Statistical anne
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INTRODUCTION / 265 To fill the gaps
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INTRODUCTION / 267 Metadata for nat
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INTRODUCTION / 269 (Continued) Year
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INTRODUCTION / 271 (Continued) Year
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 273 Table 1 GNP
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 281 Table 2A YO
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 289 Table 2B BO
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 297 Table 3 GRO
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 305 Table 4 NET
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 321 Table 6 REP
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 329 Table 7 SUR
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STATISTICAL ANNEX / 345 Table 9A EN
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Page 419 and 420: GLOSSARY / 419 Education for All De
Page 421 and 422: GLOSSARY / 421 Literacy educator. I
Page 423 and 424: GLOSSARY / 423 Repetition rate by g
Page 425 and 426: REFERENCES / 425 Banerjee, A. and K
Page 427 and 428: REFERENCES / 427 Burchfield, S. 199
Page 429 and 430: REFERENCES / 429 Desjardins, R. and
Page 431 and 432: REFERENCES / 431 Garcia Garrido, J.
Page 433 and 434: REFERENCES / 433 Hull, G. 2003. You
Page 435 and 436: REFERENCES / 435 Lind, A. 1988. Adu
Page 437 and 438: REFERENCES / 437 Nirantar. 1997. In
Page 439 and 440: REFERENCES / 439 Reh, M. (ed.). 198
Page 441 and 442: REFERENCES / 441 Street, B. (ed.).
Page 443 and 444: REFERENCES / 443 UNHCHR. 1993. Vien
Page 445 and 446: ABBREVIATIONS / 445 Abbreviations A
Page 447 and 448: ABBREVIATIONS / 447 NIR Net intake
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