literacy for life; EFA global monitoring report, 2006 - Institut de ...

EFA PROGRESS: WHERE DO WE STAND? / 45
can be considered as having the capacity to
accommodate all children of primary school age,
even if they do not do so, i.e. if the NER is below
100%. A sharp discrepancy between the GER and
the NER indicates that enrolled children do not
progress regularly through the grades and that
the system’s internal efficiency could be
improved. This is the case in many countries in
sub-Saharan Africa (e.g. Equatorial Guinea,
Gabon, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mozambique,
Nigeria and Rwanda), and in India and Nepal.
Several countries are characterized by GERs
considerably below 100% and NERs of 50% or
under, e.g. Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Eritrea,
Ethiopia, Mali and the Niger.
About two-thirds of the countries with data
available registered higher NERs in 2002,
including almost all countries that had NERs
below 80% in 1998 (Figure 2.6). Increases were
particularly substantial (above 20%) in seven
sub-Saharan African countries (Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Guinea, Lesotho, Madagascar, the Niger and the
United Republic of Tanzania) and two Arab States
(Morocco and Yemen). Several of the countries
recording increases recently abolished school
fees, including Guinea, Lesotho and the United
Republic of Tanzania. In the Niger, the NER
increased by almost one-half, from 26% to 38%,
after the government took measures to increase
provision in underserved areas, although the
country’s 2002 ratio remains among the world’s
lowest. Benin provides another interesting case
of policy efforts towards improving school
participation among the disadvantaged (Box 2.1).
Figure 2.6: Net enrolment ratios in primary education, 1998 and 2002
NERs 2002 (%)
100
80
60
40
Niger
Above the line:
NERs increased since 1998
Ethiopia
Eritrea
U. R. Tanzania
Guinea
Mozambique
20
20 40 60 80 100
NERs 1998 (%)
Sub-Saharan Africa
Arab States
Central Asia
East Asia and the Pacific
Note: See source table for detailed country notes.
Source: Statistical annex, Table 5.
Senegal
Lesotho
Madagascar
Morocco
South and West Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
North America and Western Europe
Central Asia
East Asia and
the Pacific
South and
West Asia
Latin America and
the Caribbean
Central and
Eastern Europe
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Kyrgyzstan
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Mongolia
Macao, China
Thailand
Lao PDR
Marshall Is
Myanmar
Papua N. Guinea
India
Iran, Isl. Rep.
Bangladesh
Nepal
Pakistan
Paraguay
Neth. Antilles
Honduras
Colombia
Guatemala
Chile
Bahamas
Nicaragua
Grenada
Dominica
Turks/Caicos Is
Russian Fed.
Croatia
Romania
Czech Rep.
Turkey
Latvia
Slovakia
Ukraine
Rep. Moldova
Below the line:
NERs decreased since 1998
Enrolment ratios (%)
NER
GER