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Grammar summary 215 1111 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1111 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4222 The verb ni or jõœ “to be something or someone”: Olú ni doœ$kítà. Olu is the doctor. Olú kì í ße doœ$kítà. Olu is not (a) doctor. Regular verbs usually take the negative marker kò. For example: Túnjí jõ búrõœdì. Tunji ate bread. Túnjí kò jõ búrõœdì. Tunji did not eat bread. See Unit 1 for other examples of negative sentences. Question types “yes/no” questions Íé o lo≥soœ$jà? Did you go to the market? Íé Délé ni oΩ$rõœ Túnjí? Is Dele Tunji’s friend? “wh”-questions These are question forms that begin with “wh.” For example: Níbo ni Kúnlé wà? Where is Kunle? Ta ni màmá Kúnlé? Who is Kunle’s mother? Nígbà wo ni Kúnlé jõun? When did Kunle eat? Kí ni o so≥? What did you say? Kí l’ó dé tí o n; pariwo? Why are you making noise? Ilé wo ni o rà? Which car did you buy? Other questions types are: Eélòó ni bàtà rõ? How much are your shoes? —ÕgbõΩrun Náírà ni. —They are N1,000. Eélòó ni Túnjí ra o≥koΩ$ rõΩ? How much did Tunji buy his car for? —N kò mo≥oye tí Túnjí ra o≥koΩ $ rõΩ. —I don’t know how much Tunji bought his car for.
216 Grammar summary More on the word “when” There are different ways of saying the word “when” in Yoruba. 1 In questions, use nígbà wo. For example: Nígbà wo ni o máa jõun? When are you going to eat? Nígbà wo ni eré máa bõΩrõΩ? When will the play begin? 2 If you want to use the word “when” in a statement, use ìgbà tí or nígbà tí. Pay close attention to the different usages of ìgbà tí and nígbà tí. For example: ìgbà tí Mo mo≥ìgbà tí Josie bímo≥. I know when Josie had her baby. Íé o mo≥ìgbà tí ißõœ máa bõΩrõΩ? Do you know when work will begin? nígbà tí Nígbà tí mo rí Kúnlé, kò jõun. When I saw Kunle, he was not eating. Mo wà nílé nígbà tí bàbá mi dé. I was home when my father arrived. Kí ni o n; ße nígbà tí ìyàwó rõ n; sun? What were you doing when your wife was sleeping? nígbà tí . . . bá The phrase nígbà tí . . . bá is used for “when” in conditional statements. For example: Mo máa sùn nígbà tí mo bá dé ilé. I will sleep when I get home. The implication of the above statement is that the condition in which the speaker will sleep is them getting home. nígbà tí . . . bá is in the same clause that states the condition on which the other action rests. For example:
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viii Contents 10 Wìwá ò. nà 135
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About this book Learners cite many
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xii About this book recognized toda
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The alphabet and sounds of Yoruba P
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Unit 1: At a friend’s house 3 111
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Unit 2: Greetings and meetings 17 1
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Unit 4: Looking for a place to rent
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Unit 9: Describing people and towns
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Unit 10: Finding one’s way 137 11
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292 Index gbó≥(lit. “to hear
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294 Index verbs descriptive 9 past/
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