Abstract Book - 3rd International Symposium on Medicinal Plants ...

4.25 Antioxidants In Vitro Androgenic Culture of Aesculus hippocastanum
Štajner Dubravka 1 , Popović Boris 1 , Ćalić Dušica 2 and Štajner Marijana 3
1 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21000 Novi Sad,.
2 Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovi ı", University of Belgrade, Despot Stefan ,Blvd.
142, 11000 Belgrade. 3 Emergency Centre, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 1, 21000
Novi Sad, Serbia.
<strong>Abstract</strong>: In vivo antioxidant scavenging activity of leaves and seed embryos, and in vitro
androgenic embryos of Aesculus hippocastanum was study. Total antioxidant capacity of all the
samples of A. hippocastanum was determined using FRAP, DPPH, and NO• radical scavenger
capacity. Antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase
and glutathione peroxidas, reduced glutathione quantity, flavonoids, soluble protein contents,
quantities of malonyldialdehyde, and •OH radical presence in the investigated plant samples were
determined. The leaves of A. hippocastanum had stronger antioxidant activity, (higher activities of
SOD, higher quantities of GSH, TSH, TP, scavenging abilities of DPPH and NO•, higher FRAP
values and lowest quantities of •OH and MDA) than in vitro obtained androgenic embryos.
Androgenic embryos of A. hippocastanum had low amount of antioxidants due to the controlled
environmental conditions we employed (T, photoperiod, humidity, nutritive factors, pathogen-free),
and it can be concluded that tissue culture methods produce optimal condition for the growth of
androgenic embryos. The optimization of in vitro conditions for mass production of androgenic
embryos could improve cultivation techniques, conservation of these species, as well as protection
from leaf miners.
Key words: Antioxidant, Aesculus hippocastanum, androgenic embryo, tissue culture.
4.26 Biotechnological Approaches for Cultivation of Rh. rosea - Endangered
Medicinal Plant
Tasheva, Krasimira and Kosturkova, Georgina
Plant Growth and Devepolment Regulation Department, Institute of Plant Physiology and
Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
<strong>Abstract</strong>: At present more than 50 000 plant species are used in the two major fields: the
contemporary phytotherapy and the modern allopathic medicine. World wide about 2/3 of those 50
000 medicinal plants are harvested from nature. The share of the cultivated plants used in the
pharmaceutical industry is quite small, yet, being only 10 % in Europe. The number of natural
populations is decreasing progressively leading to local extinction of many species or degradation
of their habitats. Bulgaria is in the leading world positions in export of wild medicinal plants. Annual
harvest varies between 15 000 t and 17 000 t. Half of them are collected in the mountains while
80% of them are exported. Bulgarian medicinal plants are famous for their high content of
biologically active substances. Rhodiola rosea is a medicinal succulent plant with limited area of
distribution. The species is protected by Law in Bulgaria and other countries (Romania, Russia,
UK etc). Roots and rhizomes contain biological active substances. Extracts from roots and
rhizomes are used in prevention and treatment of some social important diseases – neurology,
cardio-vascular, oncology etc. The plants need 4-6 years to accumulate the high content of
basic/main/ biologically active substances. The biotechnological tools are important to select,
multiply and conserve the critical genotypes of medicinal plants. Some of the most important is the
clonal propagation of identically plants in in vitro condition. Plant material from wild growing plants
and seeds (selected for high level of salidroside and rosavin complex) were used for initial
experiments in vitro. Efficient systems for mass plant propagation and callusogenesis were
established. Acclimatization of rooted rodiola plantlets in the greenhouse and in natural conditions
was successful up to 70 % and 68 %, respectively. Phytochemical analysis did not prove
biologically active substances in the roots of one month old regenerants in test tubes. However,
salidroside was detected in the rhizome and roots of one and two year old regenerants grown in
the mountains and in the green house.
Key words: Biotechnological, cultivation, medicinal plant, mountain, phytotherapy, rosea.
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