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Appeal Legal instrument permissible to anyone against whom a judgment was pronounced. Case dismissal Decision by the public prosecutor not to prosecute an established punishable offence on policy or technical grounds; See also: Dismissal on policy grounds. Dismissal on technical grounds. Case inadmissible Final judgment in which the judge refuses the request or demand of a party or denies the Public Prosecutor permission to prosecute on grounds that lie outside the case itself (such as a procedural error). Charge Written record by an investigating officer about facts or circumstances observed by him or her. Compulsion Compulsion means the user is given no choice. He can be admitted without his consent. See also: Quasi-compulsion. Crime / felony More severe punishable act, defined as such in the law; the division of punishable acts into crimes and offences is of importance in procedural law (absolute competence and legal remedies) and penalization; trials in the first instance are mainly held before the court as opposed to an offence, which is less severe. Criminal Case Charges against a suspect registered with an office of the public prosecutor. Criminal record/prior offence A criminal record / prior offence refers to a contact with the police in which charges were made relating to one or more offences. Custody Principal- : detention for a maximum of one year and four months; this is a lighter sentence than a prison sentence and is generally sat out in a remand centre. Subsidiary- : detention on the grounds of not or not fully paying a fine. Discharge from (further) prosecution Decision by the judge, despite evidence supporting the case of the Public Prosecutor, based on the opinion that the offence or the accused is not punishable. See also: Verdict of guilt, Acquittal. Appendix A Glossary of Terms 229
Dismissal on policy grounds Decision by the public prosecutor not to prosecute a suspect for an established offence on the grounds of public interest. See also: Dismissal. Dismissal on technical grounds Decision by the public prosecutor not to prosecute for a punishable act on the grounds that prosecution cannot lead to a conviction (for example because there is insufficient evidence or because the suspect cannot be sentenced. Disposal by the court Final judgment, whether conviction, acquittal, dismissal of charges or other verdicts. Disposal by the Public Prosecutor Final decision about a case registered with the office of public prosecutions, e.g. whether to drop charges, create a joinder, offer a transaction or submit to the courts for trial. Early release Statutory early release from penitentiary institutions of prisoners sentenced to long-term detention. Final judgment Verdict by a judge that concludes a civil case which started with a summons. Financial order / transaction Under certain circumstances, payment of one or more penalties (usually a fine) as decreed by the investigating officer or public prosecutor who then forfeits the right to prosecute. In the first instance Primary judicial body before which a case is heard. See also: appeal. Joinder ad informandum Presentation by the public prosecutor of a case not being prosecuted to another case being heard by the judge, with the intention that the judge will take account of the joinder case in determining the sentence. See also: Disposal by public prosecutor. Joinder of causes of action Joining together by the public prosecutor of a number of registered cases, with the intention that the judge will dispose of these cases together with a single sentence. See Disposal by public prosecutor. 230 Netherlands National Drug Monitor - NDM Annual Report 2009
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Netherlands National Drug Monitor N
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Colophon Project Manager Dr. M.W. v
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Preface This is already the tenth A
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5.4 Problem Use 113 5.5 Usage: Inte
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List of abreviations and acronyms 2
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NEMESIS NFU NIGZ NMG NPO NRI NVIC N
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Summary Below is an outline of the
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The number of hospital admissions c
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GHB. In 2008/2009 4.6 percent of fr
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Deaths In the Netherlands, smoking
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Offences by drug users Drug users c
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Opiates Ecstasy Amphetamine Alcohol
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1 Introduction The National Drug Mo
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use, particularly cannabis, under-r
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information is available, this is b
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2 Cannabis Cannabis (Cannabis Sativ
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Figure 2.1 Cannabis users in the Ne
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Figure 2.2 Cannabis use among secon
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Cannabis and problem behaviour •
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Table 2.4 Cannabis use among pupils
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Table 2.5 Current cannabis use in s
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• The sharp increase in treatment
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Trends It is difficult to determine
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• The role of cannabis in all req
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- misuse or dependence on alcohol a
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At the Ambulance Transport Centre (
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• So far, epidemiological studies
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Quality and price The Trimbos Insti
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3 Cocaine Cocaine works as a stimul
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Age, gender and urbanisation level
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Special groups In certain groups of
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Table 3.3 Cocaine use in special gr
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and 7.7% in the U.K (England and Wa
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Table 3.5 Cocaine use among school-
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Figure 3.2 Number of (outpatient) a
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Figure 3.4 Admissions to general ho
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The Netherlands Cause-of-Death stat
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• Little is known as yet about a
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4.2 Usage: general population Heroi
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• In the province of Gelderland,
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Figure 4.1 Estimates of the number
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and syringes exchanged has been reg
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• Between 2001 and 2004 the numbe
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- misuse of or dependence on alcoho
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same time it should be noted that t
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International comparison The Europe
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The total number of chronic hepatit
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• It is thought that risk behavio
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the ICD-9 classification. Drug deat
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Amsterdam GGD Amsterdam reports the
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Figure 4.9 Number of drug-induced d
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• Pupils attending REC-4 schools
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5.3 Usage: juveniles and young adul
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• In 2008, key observers in Amste
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Table 5.3 Use of Ecstasy and amphet
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Table 5.4a Use of amphetamines and
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Table 5.5a Ecstasy use among school
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Ecstasy • The number of (outpatie
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Figure 5.3 Numbers registered with
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• The same person may be admitted
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• The number of requests for info
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According to the EMCDDA, in other E
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Figure 5.6 Concentration of MDMA in
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Table 5.9 Number of samples contain
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• Consumers who had drug samples
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6.2 Usage: general population The r
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GHB use is more common among juveni
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• GHB use among school-goers is l
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Table 6.4 GHB incidents registered
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• Of the liquid samples sold as G
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• Total deaths from alcohol-relat
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Figure 7.1 Alcohol consumption amon
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Ethnic background • Among seconda
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Table 7.3 Percentage of current dri
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Table 7.4 Alcohol use in the social
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Holiday-makers • Research conduct
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Figure 7.3 Heavy drinkers by gender
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The countries with the lowest perce
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• In France it is more likely tha
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Figure 7.6 Age distribution of prim
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• In 2008, 337 day-care admission
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• In approximately 1,200 admissio
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Table 7.9 Estimated number of injur
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• On the basis of current researc
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Figure 7.10 Deaths from alcohol use
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• EU member states have different
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• Surveys by the Continuous Surve
Page 179 and 180: Figure 8.1 Percentage of smokers in
Page 181 and 182: 8.3 Usage: juveniles and young adul
Page 183 and 184: Special education Table 8.3 shows t
Page 185 and 186: Table 8.4 Smokers in the EU-15 plus
Page 187 and 188: medication, Champix ® , which was
Page 189 and 190: among passive smoking men, the elev
Page 191 and 192: Table 8.6 Deaths from lung cancer a
Page 193 and 194: Since 1 January 2003 it is no longe
Page 195 and 196: Table 8.8 Cigarette prices and taxe
Page 197 and 198: eported. These refer to 2007 in the
Page 199 and 200: Table 9.1 Criminal investigations i
Page 201 and 202: Table 9.2 Number of dismantled prod
Page 203 and 204: Table 9.3 Characteristics of suspec
Page 205 and 206: Figure 9.2 Number of Opium Act case
Page 207 and 208: Table 9.5 Opium Act cases as a perc
Page 209 and 210: Disposals by the courts (in the fir
Page 211 and 212: • Financial orders (Public Prosec
Page 213 and 214: Table 9.9 Prevalence of new crimina
Page 215 and 216: 10.2 Drug use among offenders Drug-
Page 217 and 218: • In some two-thirds of cases opi
Page 219 and 220: I, II Table 10.2 Number of times th
Page 221 and 222: • The ISD has a capacity of 1,000
Page 223 and 224: • Although there are some female
Page 225 and 226: Clinical admission Admission to a h
Page 227 and 228: Mellow Type of music at raves that
Page 229: Secondary diagnosis A secondary or
Page 233 and 234: eintegration and rehabilitation of
Page 235 and 236: I. Use and problem use Source Targe
Page 237 and 238: II. Treatment demand and treatment
Page 239 and 240: IV. Market information Source Targe
Page 241 and 242: Source Target group/subject Sources
Page 244 and 245: Appendix C Explanation of ICD-9 and
Page 246 and 247: Appendix D Websites in the area of
Page 248 and 249: Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sp
Page 250: Appendix E Drug use in a number of
Page 254 and 255: References Adlaf, E.M., Korf, D.J.,
Page 256 and 257: Coumans, A.M. (2005). Survival on t
Page 258 and 259: Ganpat, S., Wits, E., Schoenmakers,
Page 260 and 261: Knibbe, R.A., Joosten, J., Derickx,
Page 262 and 263: Monshouwer, K., Smit, F., De Graaf,
Page 264 and 265: Rigter, H., Van Laar, M. (2002). Ep
Page 266 and 267: Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal (2
Page 268 and 269: Van Leeuwen, F.E. (1999). Epidemiol
Page 270: In the Netherlands various monitori
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