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Netherlands National Drug Monitor N
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Colophon Project Manager Dr. M.W. v
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Preface This is already the tenth A
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5.4 Problem Use 113 5.5 Usage: Inte
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List of abreviations and acronyms 2
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NEMESIS NFU NIGZ NMG NPO NRI NVIC N
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Summary Below is an outline of the
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The number of hospital admissions c
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GHB. In 2008/2009 4.6 percent of fr
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Deaths In the Netherlands, smoking
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Offences by drug users Drug users c
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Opiates Ecstasy Amphetamine Alcohol
- Page 28 and 29: 1 Introduction The National Drug Mo
- Page 30 and 31: use, particularly cannabis, under-r
- Page 32 and 33: information is available, this is b
- Page 34 and 35: 2 Cannabis Cannabis (Cannabis Sativ
- Page 36 and 37: Figure 2.1 Cannabis users in the Ne
- Page 38 and 39: Figure 2.2 Cannabis use among secon
- Page 40 and 41: Cannabis and problem behaviour •
- Page 42 and 43: Table 2.4 Cannabis use among pupils
- Page 44 and 45: Table 2.5 Current cannabis use in s
- Page 46 and 47: • The sharp increase in treatment
- Page 48 and 49: Trends It is difficult to determine
- Page 50 and 51: • The role of cannabis in all req
- Page 52 and 53: - misuse or dependence on alcohol a
- Page 54 and 55: At the Ambulance Transport Centre (
- Page 56 and 57: • So far, epidemiological studies
- Page 58 and 59: Quality and price The Trimbos Insti
- Page 60 and 61: 3 Cocaine Cocaine works as a stimul
- Page 62 and 63: Age, gender and urbanisation level
- Page 64 and 65: Special groups In certain groups of
- Page 66 and 67: Table 3.3 Cocaine use in special gr
- Page 68 and 69: and 7.7% in the U.K (England and Wa
- Page 70 and 71: Table 3.5 Cocaine use among school-
- Page 72 and 73: Figure 3.2 Number of (outpatient) a
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- Page 76 and 77: The Netherlands Cause-of-Death stat
- Page 80 and 81: 4 Opiates The drug class of opiates
- Page 82 and 83: Table 4.2 Ever use of heroin among
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- Page 86 and 87: Figure 4.2 Problem users of opiates
- Page 88 and 89: Table 4.5 Problem users of hard dru
- Page 90 and 91: Age and gender • In 2008 80% of p
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- Page 94 and 95: • In Amsterdam, about half of the
- Page 96 and 97: • The data on infection rates tha
- Page 98 and 99: - In the early 1990’s about one m
- Page 100 and 101: to the EMCDDA standard for calculat
- Page 102 and 103: Figure 4.7 Age distribution of deat
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- Page 106 and 107: 5 Ecstasy, amphetamine and related
- Page 108 and 109: Table 5.1 Use of Ecstasy and amphet
- Page 110 and 111: Table 5.2 Ever use of Ecstasy and a
- Page 112 and 113: - In the regions East (Gelderland a
- Page 114 and 115: 5.4 Problem use • It is not known
- Page 116 and 117: Juveniles and young adults The data
- Page 118 and 119: Table 5.5b Ecstasy use among school
- Page 120 and 121: Figure 5.2 Numbers registered with
- Page 122 and 123: Figure 5.4 Age distribution of prim
- Page 124 and 125: • By contrast, amphetamine plays
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together with another substance) wa
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• Ketamine was found more often i
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etween the monthly decline in 2008
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6 GHB GHB is an acronym for gamma-H
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• Among clubbers in Amsterdam, ev
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after the last dose of the drug. To
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Age and Gender • Data from Addict
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The consequences of this condition
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7 Alcohol Alcohol is made from ferm
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• In contrast to this downward tr
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a weekly basis); for girls the most
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• A quarter of parents report hav
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not statistically significant. The
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Hangouts In recent years there has
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• Research from 2002/2003 among 1
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Alcohol misuse and dependence • A
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• In 2007 the Netherlands scored
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Figure 7.5 Number of clients of (ou
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- diseases of the cardio-vascular s
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At the Ambulance Transport Centre (
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Table 7.8 Requests for information
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• There are clear indications, th
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Figure 7.9 Deaths from alcohol-rela
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• Of under-age drinkers aged 13 t
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8 Tobacco Tobacco is made from the
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Table 8.1 Male and female smokers i
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Table 8.2 Use of cigarettes and rol
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Age and Gender Smokers start young.
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(Utrecht, Flevoland), West (Noord-
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Figure 8.4 Smokers among secondary
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• For low socio-economic status g
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Table 8.5 Deaths due to a number of
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Figure 8.5 Deaths from a number of
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Table 8.7 Cigarette prices and taxe
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9 Drug-related crime This chapter c
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• Records from the Public Prosecu
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• By comparison with 2007, the pe
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Figure 9.1 Number of drug crime sus
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• Figure 9.2 shows that in 2007 a
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Disposals of Opium Act cases by the
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(b) Opium Act - Soft Drugs % 100 90
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Table 9.6 Percentage of cases dispo
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The percentage of Opium Act cases i
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10 Drug users in the criminal justi
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Figure 10.1 Type of offence by susp
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complete primary school and nearly
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2005 % 2006 % 2007 % 2008 % 3 962 1
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Figure 10.2 Number of ISD participa
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Appendix A Glossary of Terms This a
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Hard drugs Drugs on list I of the O
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Primary cause of death The direct c
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Appeal Legal instrument permissible
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Joinder of session Joining together
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Appendix B Sources This appendix co
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Measurements 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996
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Measurements Annual Annual Annual O
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Measurements Continuous; annual rep
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Measurements Continuous registratio
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Explanation of ICD-10 codes ICD-10
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European Monitoring Centre for Drug
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Substance Abuse & Mental Health Ser
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Appendix F Pupils in special and ma
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Bolman, C., De Vries, H., Van Breuk
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De Vries, H., Bakker, M., Mullen, P
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Hoogenboezem, G., Ensdorff, J., Cro
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Kruize, A., Bieleman, B. (2008b). M
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Niesink, R., Rigter, S., Hoek, J.,
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STAP (2009b). Alcohol en sportspons
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Van der Poel, A., Barendregt, C., S
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Verdurmen, J., Van der Meulen, A.,