SumerianGrammar

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INDEX 191 [“u(mu)] (modal verbal particle: ventive (Sumerian) 92 affirmative 3) 120 ventive (Akkadian) 92 “u ti/te(-∞g) (behaviour of the “object”) ventive dimensional indicators 93 145 f. (grid) 103–109 verb 26, 71–155 [ta] (non-ventive verbal indicator) 109 verbalizer (in compound verbs) 143, Tepe Ya˙yà 3 148 f. terminative (case) 33 f., 42 f. vetitive (verbal mood) 117 ternary system (of numerals) 66 vocative (case) 35 “transitive” 36 “vowel harmony” 99 f., 110 triplication (of verbal base) 81 vowels 7, 13 f. [tukumbi] 163 f. phonemes 7 quality 7, 13 f. [u] (verbal connective indicator, quantity 7 prospective 121–123 see also polite imperative “without” 41 [u] (conjunction) 161 f. “word” 23 [ua] (exclamation) 170 word order (S–O–V) 2 [uda] (subjunction) 162 f. [ulili] (exclamation) 170 “yes” 27, 168 ur 5 (demonstrative) 55, 57 -ùtu (Akkadian) 25 zero 87
HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES (HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK) Section I: NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST Abt. I: DER NAHE UND MITTLERE OSTEN ISSN 0169-9423 Band 1. Ägyptologie 1. Ägyptische Schrift und Sprache. Mit Beiträgen von H. Brunner, H. Kees, S. Morenz, E. Otto, S. Schott. Mit Zusätzen von H. Brunner. Nachdruck der Erstausgabe (1959). 1973. ISBN 90 04 03777 2 2. Literatur. Mit Beiträgen von H. Altenmüller, H. Brunner, G. Fecht, H. Grapow, H. Kees, S. Morenz, E. Otto, S. Schott, J. Spiegel, W. Westendorf. 2. verbesserte und erweiterte Au age. 1970. ISBN 90 04 00849 7 3. Helck, W. Geschichte des alten Ägypten. Nachdruck mit Berichtigungen und Ergänz-ungen. 1981. ISBN 90 04 06497 4 Band 2. Keilschriftforschung und alte Geschichte Vorderasiens 1-2/2. Altkleinasiatische Sprachen [und Elamitisch]. Mit Beiträgen von J. Friedrich, E. Reiner, A. Kammenhuber, G. Neumann, A. Heubeck. 1969. ISBN 90 04 00852 7 3. Schmökel, H. Geschichte des alten Vorderasien. Reprint. 1979. ISBN 90 04 00853 5 4/2. Orientalische Geschichte von Kyros bis Mohammed. Mit Beiträgen von A. Dietrich, G. Widengren, F. M. Heichelheim. 1966. ISBN 90 04 00854 3 Band 3. Semitistik Semitistik. Mit Beiträgen von A. Baumstark, C. Brockelmann, E. L. Dietrich, J. Fück, M. Höfner, E. Littmann, A. Rücker, B. Spuler. Nachdruck der Erstausgabe (1953-1954). 1964. ISBN 90 04 00855 1 Band 4. Iranistik 1. Linguistik. Mit Beiträgen von K. HoVmann, W. B. Henning, H. W. Bailey, G. Morgenstierne, W. Lentz. Nachdruck der Erstausgabe (1958). 1967. ISBN 90 04 03017 4 2/1. Literatur. Mit Beiträgen von I. Gershevitch, M. Boyce, O. Hansen, B. Spuler, M. J. Dresden. 1968. ISBN 90 04 00857 8 2/2. History of Persian Literature from the Beginning of the Islamic Period to the Present Day. With Contributions by G. Morrison, J. Baldick and Sh. Kadkan¯. 1981. ISBN 90 04 06481 8 3. Krause, W. Tocharisch. Nachdruck der Erstausgabe (1955) mit Zusätzen und Berichtigungen. 1971. ISBN 90 04 03194 4 Band 5. Altaistik 1. Turkologie. Mit Beiträgen von A. von Gabain, O. Pritsak, J. Benzing, K. H. Menges, A. Temir, Z. V. Togan, F. Taeschner, O. Spies, A. Caferoglu, A. Battal-Tamays. Reprint with additions of the 1st (1963) ed. 1982. ISBN 90 04 06555 5 2. Mongolistik. Mit Beiträgen von N. Poppe, U. Posch, G. Doerfer, P. Aalto, D. Schröder, O. Pritsak, W. Heissig. 1964. ISBN 90 04 00859 4 3. Tungusologie. Mit Beiträgen von W. Fuchs, I. A. Lopatin, K. H. Menges, D. Sinor. 1968. ISBN 90 04 00860 8 Band 6. Geschichte der islamischen Länder 5/1. Regierung und Verwaltung des Vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit. Mit Beiträgen von H. R. Idris und K. Röhrborn. 1979. ISBN 90 04 05915 6 5/2. Regierung und Verwaltung des Vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit. 2. Mit Beiträgen von D. Sourdel und J. Bosch Vilá. 1988. ISBN 90 04 08550 5 6/1. Wirtschaftsgeschichte des Vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit. Mit Beiträgen von B. Lewis, M. Rodinson, G. Baer, H. Müller, A. S. Ehrenkreutz, E. Ashtor, B. Spuler, A. K. S. Lambton, R. C. Cooper, B. Rosenberger, R. Arié, L. Bolens, T. Fahd. 1977. ISBN 90 04 04802 2 Band 7 Armenisch und Kaukasische Sprachen. Mit Beiträgen von G. Deeters, G. R. Solta, V. Inglisian. 1963. ISBN 90 04 00862 4 Band 8. Religion 1/1. Religionsgeschichte des alten Orients. Mit Beiträgen von E. Otto, O. Eissfeldt, H. Otten, J. Hempel. 1964. ISBN 90 04 00863 2
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SUMERIAN GRAMMAR
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SUMERIAN GRAMMAR BY DIETZ OTTO EDZA
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CONTENTS Preface ..................
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CONTENTS vii CHAPTER TWELVE The ver
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CONTENTS ix 12.14.4.7. 2 nd sg. mar
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PREFACE The present Sumerian Gramma
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ABBREVIATIONS AfO AHw. AIUON Ali Le
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ABBREVIATIONS xv En¢eduanna, ZA 65
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ABBREVIATIONS xvii S - O - V = Subj
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CHAPTER ONE THE SUMERIAN LANGUAGE F
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THE SUMERIAN LANGUAGE 3 guages A an
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THE SUMERIAN LANGUAGE 5 and so was
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CHAPTER TWO HOW WE READ SUMERIAN 2.
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HOW WE READ SUMERIAN 9 number, e.g.
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HOW WE READ SUMERIAN 11 exactitude,
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CHAPTER THREE MINIMALIA OF SUMERIAN
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MINIMALIA OF SUMERIAN PHONOLOGY 15
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∞ MINIMALIA OF SUMERIAN PHONOLOGY
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MINIMALIA OF SUMERIAN PHONOLOGY 19
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∞ MINIMALIA OF SUMERIAN PHONOLOGY
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CHAPTER FOUR THE “WORD” IN SUME
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THE “WORD” IN SUMERIAN, PARTS O
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THE “WORD” IN SUMERIAN, PARTS O
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CHAPTER FIVE SUBSTANTIVES 5.1. GENE
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SUBSTANTIVES 31 sessed)”. Much mo
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SUBSTANTIVES 33 gal na 4 -di 4 -di
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SUBSTANTIVES 35 5.4.1. Preliminary
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SUBSTANTIVES 37 (b) [k] between -V
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SUBSTANTIVES 39 more rarely, at lea
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SUBSTANTIVES 41 often in pre-Sargon
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SUBSTANTIVES 43 ing is still inadeq
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SUBSTANTIVES 45 Note: a-ab-ba-sig-t
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CHAPTER SIX ADJECTIVES Adjectives a
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CHAPTER SEVEN DETERMINATION, SPECIF
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DETERMINATION, SPECIFICATION 51 nes
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CHAPTER EIGHT RESUMING THE SEQUENCE
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CHAPTER NINE PRONOUNS 9.1. PERSONAL
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PRONOUNS 57 At any rate, the high a
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PRONOUNS 59 9.5.2. Indefinite prono
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CHAPTER TEN NUMERALS 10.1. GENERAL
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NUMERALS 63 lowed by banmin), munus
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NUMERALS 65 Note: In view of 50 = 4
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NUMERALS 67 Note: For purely rhythm
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CHAPTER ELEVEN ADVERBS We here rest
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∞ CHAPTER TWELVE THE VERB 12.1. P
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∞ THE VERB 73 12.2. ›AMˇU AND
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∞ THE VERB 75 sg. pl. ¢. a a m.
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THE VERB 77 M. Civil and R. D. Bigg
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THE VERB 79 [ere] is noted, in non-
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THE VERB 81 nate” (var. to ZALAG-
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THE VERB 83 “pertaining to the fa
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pl. 1 st pl. 2 nd pl. 3 rd person
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THE VERB 87 pattern 2b (¢am†u) w
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Table of absolutive-ergative combin
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THE VERB 91 For the verb, conjugati
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THE VERB 93 It seems practical to a
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THE VERB 95 At present, the diachro
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12.8.1.11: No example available. TH
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THE VERB 99 Note: The bilingual gra
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THE VERB 101 Note: Wilcke 1988, 35,
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THE VERB 103 12.8.2. Ventive indica
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12.8.2.32: No example available. TH
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THE VERB 107 12.8.2.49 [mue“i]: d
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THE VERB 109 b) [mmini]: (é . . .)
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THE VERB 111 (2) It does not occur
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Table (cont.) Aff. 3 ”I- (1 st ,
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THE VERB 115 12.11.2.2. [nu] as a s
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THE VERB 117 kalam-e hé-∞gál-la
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We summarize the negative moods: TH
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THE VERB 121 [nu“] is so far only
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THE VERB 123 ù-dé [u-e-de] “wou
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THE VERB 125 12.12.2.4. [he-nga] é
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THE VERB 127 12.12.2.9. Summary of
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THE VERB 129 ∞gen-na “go” Ina
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THE VERB 131 12.14.1. B-[Ø], B-B-[
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THE VERB 133 As shown above, the ve
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THE VERB 135 There are, however, at
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THE VERB 137 of [B-ed-a]. While we
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THE VERB 139 12.14.4.3. 3rd sg. per
Page 160 and 161: THE VERB 141 Note: There are spelli
Page 162 and 163: THE VERB 143 Attinger 1993, 179, sh
Page 164 and 165: THE VERB 145 The original meaning o
Page 166 and 167: THE VERB 147 12.15.1.3. Complete in
Page 168 and 169: THE VERB 149 12.15.2.2. Verbalizati
Page 170 and 171: THE VERB 151 The origin of nominali
Page 172 and 173: THE VERB 153 If, on the other hand,
Page 174 and 175: THE VERB 155 d En-líl lú-nam-tar-
Page 176 and 177: ∞ CHAPTER THIRTEEN POST-NOMINAL A
Page 178 and 179: POST-NOMINAL AND/OR POST-VERBAL PAR
Page 180 and 181: CHAPTER FOURTEEN CONJUNCTIONS AND S
Page 182 and 183: CONJUNCTIONS AND SUBJUNCTIONS 163 [
Page 184 and 185: CONJUNCTIONS AND SUBJUNCTIONS 165 1
Page 186 and 187: CHAPTER FIFTEEN EXCLAMATIONS “Exc
Page 188 and 189: EXCLAMATIONS 169 15.9. [INU] in-nu
Page 190 and 191: CHAPTER SIXTEEN EMESAL Emesal (eme-
Page 192 and 193: CHAPTER SEVENTEEN THE SUMERO-AKKADI
Page 194 and 195: THE SUMERO-AKKADIAN LINGUISTIC AREA
Page 196 and 197: THE SUMERO-AKKADIAN LINGUISTIC AREA
Page 198 and 199: CHAPTER EIGHTEEN SUMMARY—AND WHAT
Page 200 and 201: BIBLIOGRAPHY Note: Bibliographical
Page 202 and 203: BIBLIOGRAPHY 183 B. Kienast 1980: P
Page 204 and 205: BIBLIOGRAPHY 185 id. 2003: (in prin
Page 206 and 207: INDEX [a] (exclamation) 167 a > i (
Page 208 and 209: INDEX 189 Iran 4 [i Utu] (exclamati
Page 212 and 213: 1/2/2/1. Boyce, M. A History of Zor
Page 214 and 215: Band 30 Sharon, M. Corpus Inscripti
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