SumerianGrammar

THE VERB 79
[ere] is noted, in non-orthodox spelling, as e-re and e-re 7 (DU) (or
e
ere).
ì-im-e-re-“a “who had come here” UET 3, 1633:11; see, for more
forms, Wilcke 1988, 32.
As in classes 6 and 7, plurality refers to the absolutive case, the
‘subject’ of the intransitive verb.
12.5. SORTS OF PLURALITY (›AMˇU REDUPLICATION)
Apart from the ¢am†u : marû and sg. : pl. distribution patterns as shown
in 12.4.1–8, the unaltered ¢am†u base can also be reduplicated for
a variety of reasons: to denote different sorts of plurality or totality
of the ‘subject’ or ‘object’; to stress its size, strength, or general
importance; or to stress the durative or iterative character of the
action (Edzard 1971, 226–32; Steinkeller 1979, 63 f.).
The difference between this type of reduplicated base and the marû
reduplication is transparent in the spellings gá-∞ ∞ gá (marû) and ∞gar-∞gar.
This kind of “free reduplication” of the ¢am†u base may occur
both in the ¢am†u and marû conjugation patterns:
igi hé-mu-e-“i-bar-bar-re “may Utu—again and again—look on
you” Enm. 95
igi nam-bar-bar-re-en “you are not supposed to stare at everything”
Scribe and Son 31.
siki-udu-¢ganÜ-na-kam “u-a mi-ni(-n)-∞gar-∞gar “(instead of the whip)
he put wool of ewes in the hand (of all the overseers)” Gudea Cyl.
A xiii 2.
dam dumu-Ku-li, dumu-Ba-ba-∞gu 10 -ke 4 -ne(-r), ba-an-da-zàh-zàh-é“,
dumu-Ba-ba-∞gu 10 -ke 4 -ne mu-un-dab 5 -dab 5 -bé-é“ “the wife and children
of Kuli had all fled from the children of Baba∞gu, (but) the children
of Baba∞gu seized them all” NG no. 41:11'–13'.
iku-zi-dam é“e ì(-n)-∞gar-∞gar “(Gudea) laid—along all sides—the
measuring rope to (a square corresponding) exactly to an iku” Gudea
Cyl. A xviii 26.
Note: Not “gána”, as transliterated in ZA 61, 229.