Bulletin 3. The flora of the Raritan Formation, 1911 - State of New ...

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RARITAN FORMATION--CORRELATION. 51 of the West. Prof. Ward was the first to point out that the Raritan was older than the Dakota Group, which is undoubtedly the case, and it has been customary in recent years to regard the Raritan as roughly corresponding to the Gault of Eng'land and the Albian of continental Europe, The view here presented is that the Raritan flora is much more closely allied with the Cenomanian of the old world than it is with the Albian or Gault At the same time it is quite obviously older than the Magothy flora, that of the Dakota Group and those of the South Atlantic Coastal Plain, 2 unless possibly the lower Tusealoosa, of western Alabama, is equivalent to the upper Raritan in the vicinity of South Amboy, so that if these latter are to remain in the Cenomanian, they are to be regarded as Upper Cenomanian, in which case the Raritan may be regarded as Lower Cenomanian. European geology fm'nishes a similar case in the division of the Cenomanian into the substages Rotomaglan and Caretonian, although probably the parallelism of substages cannot be carried across the ocean. European paleontology furnishes abundant and well characterized Cenomanian and Senonian floras for comi_ariso.n, and by this standard the Raritan, as well as the somewhat younger Dakota and Magothy floras, are dearly Cenomanian floras• The Turonian stage of European geology, on the other hand, has thus far yielded so meager a flora that. it is practically useless as a basis for comparison, and it may well be that the flora of the Dakota Group, along with its southern and eastern representatives--the Woodbine, Tuscaloosa, Eutaw, Middendorf, Bladen and Magothy floras, represent tI_e Turonian stage of Europe• Stratigraphically, there is 11ocontrary evidence and more or less of the Dakota sandstone would simply go with • the overlying Benton, which invertebrate paleontologists have long considered as representing the Turonian of Europe. If this view is adopted it seems probable that the Raritan is to be correlated with, a part of the upper Cenomanian of Europe• The paleobotanieal evidence for lhe Cenomanian age of the Raritan formation is briefly as follows: Ou general grounds, Older Cretaceous deposits are known from North Carolina to Alabama, hut these are, in-so-far as ktmwn, unfossiliferous, NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
2_ THE RARITAN FLORA. we find the Raritan flora more complex and modern in its composition than any known Albian flora; for example, dicotyledons make up 68_ of the Raritan flora, while not a single dicotyledon is known from the English Oault, and the representation of this group of plants in the Albian of France and Spain is very meager indeed, and comparable to the display of these plants in the Patapsco formation of Maryland and Virginia, the latter showing a striking parallelism with the Albian of the dd world, xxfith at least one identical species and closely allied representatives in several identical genera. Species which are peculiar to the Raritan formation number 54, as .follows : Acer amboyen_e Newb. Aralia patens Holl. Aralla rotundiloba Newb. Asplenium raritanensis Berry, Asplenium ]erseye_zais Berry. Bauhini¢ gigantea Newb. C_esalpinia Cookiana Holl. Caespalpi,ffa rarffanensis Berry. Calycites diospyri[ormis Newb. Calycites parvus Newb. Ca pohthus ovaeformzs Newb. Carpoh'thus prunlformis Newb. Carpolithns woodbridgcuSis Newb. Celastrophytlum grandifolium Newb. Celastrophylh_m minus Holl. Celastropk3q/un* spatulatum Newb. Chondrites fiexuosus Newb. Chondrophyllun_ obooatum Newb. Chondrophylhtm reticulotum Newb. Cornop/*yghtm vetustum Newb. Dewalquea trlfoliata Newb. Diospyros amboyensis Berry. Eucalyptus parvifolia Newb. Fontainea grandifolia Newb. Hedera obliqua Newb. [lea" elougata Newb. NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Page 1 and 2: GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF NEW JERSEY HEN
Page 3 and 4: iv CONTENTS. PLATE XI, Fig. I.--Sal
Page 5 and 6: Letter of Transmittal, TRE_'TOY, N.
Page 7 and 8: PART I. The Raritan Flora. GENERAL
Page 9 and 10: 8 THE RARITAN FLO;RA. "botanical co
Page 11 and 12: io THE RARITAN FLO,RA2 basis of its
Page 13 and 14: t2 THE RARITAN FLORA. _"Lignite_ Pl
Page 15 and 16: 14 THE RARITAN FLO,RA. The next aut
Page 17 and 18: I6 THE RARITAN FLORA. IlL THE RARIT
Page 19 and 20: I8 THE RARITAN FLORA. contemporarie
Page 21: 20 THE RARITAN FLORA. tact, while u
Page 25 and 26: 24 THE RARITAN FLORA. GleicheM_ gle
Page 27 and 28: 26 THE RARITAN FLORA. of these iden
Page 29 and 30: 28 THF. RARITAN FLO'RA. •,*_!_o,,
Page 31 and 32: 3° THE RARITAN FLORA. "_...... •
Page 33 and 34: NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Page 35 and 36: 34 THE RARITAN FLORA. "_._'o._s X×
Page 37 and 38: 36 THE RARITAN FLORA. world-wide in
Page 39 and 40: 38 THE RARITAN FL&RA, Turning to th
Page 41 and 42: 4° THE, RARITAN FLORA. been record
Page 43 and 44: 42 THE RARITAN FLORA. V. GEOGRAPHIC
Page 45 and 46: 44 THE RARITAN FLORA, Protophyllocl
Page 47 and 48: 46 THE RARITAN FI,ORA Chondrophylht
Page 49 and 50: 48 THE RARITAN FLO,P,A. The younger
Page 51 and 52: 50 T'HE RARITAN FLORA. istic fossil
Page 53 and 54: PART II. Systematic Paleobotany. (5
Page 55 and 56: 56 THE ICa_RITAN FLORA. Microgami_
Page 57 and 58: .58 THE .RARITAN FLORA. Order Prote
Page 59 and 60: 6o THE, RARITAN FLO'RA. Order P&amn
Page 61 and 62: 62 THE RARITAN FLORA. PHYLUM THALLO
Page 63 and 64: 65 THE RARITAN FLORA• PHYLUM Orde
Page 65 and 66: 66 THE RARITAN FLORA. Possibly the
Page 67 and 68: 68 THE RARITAN FLORA. Like most of
Page 69 and 70: 7o THE RARITAN FLORA. 50 ° circite
Page 71 and 72: 72 THE RARITAN FLORA. mains referre
Page 73 and 74:
74 THE RARITAN FLORA. PH YL_U_I SPE
Page 75 and 76:
76 THE RARITAN FLORA. information i
Page 77 and 78:
78 THE RARITAN FLORA. covered in th
Page 79 and 80:
8o THE RARITAN FLORA. These fruits
Page 81 and 82:
82 THE RARITAN FLORA. "Brachyl_hyll
Page 83 and 84:
84 THE RARITAN FLORA. breviter suba
Page 85 and 86:
86 THE RARITAN FLORA. although if t
Page 87 and 88:
88 THE RARITAN FLORA. Widdri_gtonia
Page 89 and 90:
90 THE .RARITAN FLORA. Description.
Page 91 and 92:
92 THE RARITAN FLORA. Genus RARITAN
Page 93 and 94:
9a_ THE RARITAN FLORA, Fontaine, Po
Page 95 and 96:
96 THE RARITAN FLORA. Berry, Bull.
Page 97 and 98:
98 THE RARITAN FLORA. Description--
Page 99 and 100:
Ioo THE RARITAN FLORA. Whether or n
Page 101 and 102:
lo2 THE RARITAN FLORA. Class ANGIOS
Page 103 and 104:
104 THE RARITAN FLORA. angles of 45
Page 105 and 106:
io6 THE RAR1TAN FLORA. gested itsel
Page 107 and 108:
to8 THE RARITAN FLORA. MYRICA m_RB'
Page 109 and 110:
i_o THE RARITAN FLORA. could have b
Page 111 and 112:
Hz THE RARITAN FLORA. Smith, Geol.
Page 113 and 114:
Ii4 THE RARITAN FLORA. berry, Milho
Page 115 and 116:
ii6 THE RARITAN FLORA. Berry, Bull.
Page 117 and 118:
118 THE RARITAN FLORA. W_odbridge l
Page 119 and 120:
_2o THE RARITAN FLORA. because of t
Page 121 and 122:
122 THE RARITAN FLORA. FIcus DAPt{I
Page 123 and 124:
124 THE RARITAN FLORA. D_scription.
Page 125 and 126:
126 THE RARITAN FLORA. ward the bro
Page 127 and 128:
128 THE RARITAN FLORA. 2.2 era. Whi
Page 129 and 130:
i3o THE RARITAN FLORA. Moleteiil, M
Page 131 and 132:
,32 THE RARITAN FLORA. Smith, Geol.
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I34 THE RARITAN FLORA, forming 4, 5
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I36 THE RARITAN FLORA. M,t_rOL_A WO
Page 137 and 138:
138 THE RARITAN FLORA. Descriptio_.
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I4o THE RARITAN FLORA. Family LAUR.
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I42 THE RARITAN FLORA. nearly 9°°
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144 THE RARITAN FLORA. De_riptfo_,-
Page 145 and 146:
I46 THE RARITAN FLORA. in the insul
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i48 THE RARITAN FLORA, those from G
Page 149 and 150:
_5o THE RARITAN FLORA. Genus CINNAM
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152 THE RARITAN FLORA. 8 cm. in gre
Page 153 and 154:
i54 THE RARITAN FLORA. the Atane be
Page 155 and 156:
I56 THE RARITAN FLORA. Description.
Page 157 and 158:
I58 THE RARITAN FLORA. LIRIOD_ND_0P
Page 159 and 160:
160 THE RARITAN FLORA. LIRIODENDROP
Page 161 and 162:
162 'I_HIE RARITA_N FLORA. This is
Page 163 and 164:
i64 THG RARITA_N FLORA. Magothy for
Page 165 and 166:
I66 THE RARITAN FLORA. Descriptio*_
Page 167 and 168:
168 THE. RARITAN FLORA. Ttm Milltow
Page 169 and 170:
I 7o 'PHE RAI
Page 171 and 172:
172 'I?H'E RARITAN FLORA. angles of
Page 173 and 174:
174 THF, RARI'I*A'N FLORA. cuneate,
Page 175 and 176:
I76 'PWE RARIT'AIN FLORA. This very
Page 177 and 178:
178 'PHE RARITAN FLORA. CELASTROPtI
Page 179 and 180:
I8o 'PH,E RARIT'AfN FLORA. and slen
Page 181 and 182:
182 T,_,E RARITAN FLORA. the Rarita
Page 183 and 184:
I84 Ttt_ RARITA:N FLORA. I-_EDERA P
Page 185 and 186:
186 THE RARI'PAN FL.ORA. by Lesquer
Page 187 and 188:
188 TH_ RARIT_A3N FLORA. Very littl
Page 189 and 190:
19o TH.E RARITA_N FLORA. Hollick, A
Page 191 and 192:
I9a T'H:E RARIT_N FLORA. Occurrence
Page 193 and 194:
194 THE RARITAN FLORA. Sap., FI. Ro
Page 195 and 196:
i96 'PH,E RARIT'A_N FLORA. This spe
Page 197 and 198:
198 THE RARITA2N FLORA. parable wit
Page 199 and 200:
200 THE RARITAN FLORA. variability.
Page 201 and 202:
202 THE RARITAN FLORA. ARALIA FOR_,
Page 203 and 204:
204 THE RARITAN FLORA. Order Family
Page 205 and 206:
206 THE RARITAN FLORA. 23 showing t
Page 207 and 208:
208 THE RARITAN FLORA. • good spe
Page 209 and 210:
2xo THE RARITAN FLORA. MyI_SlNE GAU
Page 211 and 212:
212 THE RARITAN FLORA. and Patoot h
Page 213 and 214:
214 THE RARITAN FLORA. Order GI_NTL
Page 215 and 216:
2_6 THE RARITAN FLORA. CARFOLITHU$
Page 217 and 218:
218 THE RARITAN FLORA. Genus CHONDR
Page 219 and 220:
a¢o THE RARITAN FLORA. ires becaus
Page 221 and 222:
2a2 THE RARITAN FLORA. this nucleus
Page 223 and 224:
224 THE RARITAN FLORA. Genus VIBURN
Page 225 and 226:
226 THE RARITAN FLORA. were collect
Page 227 and 228:
228 THE RARITAN FLORA. and for this
Page 229 and 230:
23o INDEX. Page Page Coastal Plain,
Page 231 and 232:
232 INDEX. Page t_hfllocladll_ - .;
Page 233 and 234:
PLATES. NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVE
Page 235 and 236:
NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Page 237 and 238:
PLATI_ {\7. 1 Fig r--Dicksonia grom
Page 239 and 240:
p l,Nr_'. VL , "" l_! 4 3 Fi_s, 1-5
Page 241 and 242:
Pt.A_E VIII. 3 4 .( 2 5 --7_._\ i 7
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
3 4 Fi.qs. *, 2.--g/cus Woolsol_i N
Page 247 and 248:
Fig. f.--Magnolia Iongipe5 Newb., \
Page 249 and 250:
PLATE XVI. Fig. 1.--Magnolia Hollic
Page 251 and 252:
Fig. I.--SassMras progenitor Newb.,
Page 253 and 254:
P_A_E XX. 1 @ ', 2 :3 4 i _ 2--I' '
Page 255 and 256:
9 towm Fig. 4.--Celastrophylltlm sp
Page 257 and 258:
! ! 5 Fig. i'.--Myrsil_e oblongata
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
;t ,x (:1 5 6 7 8 Figs. _-4.--Et_ca
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Bulletin 3. The flora of the Raritan Formation, 1911 - State of New ...

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