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NP Control with Optimal Sequence SVM 127 TABLE 47, PROPERTIES OF THE MODIFIED AND VIRTUAL VECTORS All three types of vectors keep the FC voltages constant All three types of vectors extend the range of available NP current All three types involve high frequency CM voltage The modified space vectors do not introduce any DM (differential mode) distortion The virtual space vector type 1 may introduce moderate DM distortion but may also result in standard three nearest space vectors output depending on the reference vector. The virtual space vector type 2 will always introduce some DM distortion as discrete vectors two levels apart are used (never results in three nearest space vector output). Type 2 virtual space vectors are also available in all points of modified and type 1 virtual space vectors. Type N virtual space vectors are also possible, making use of two partner states more than 2 levels apart. However, such vectors do not extend the range of available virtual space vectors and cannot increase the NP current range. They are not considered any further, as they introduce higher DM distortion and higher switching losses without any benefit. The list of available vectors (as displayed in Figure 90) based on the principles of Figure 87 is comprehensive. No additional vectors of that type are possible (namely outside of the star shaped area). 100% 96.5% 81% 65% 50% β Hexagon α Regular Vectors Modified Vectors Virtual Vectors 1 Virtual Vectors 2 Figure 90, Full range of available modified and virtual space vectors
128 NP Control with Optimal Sequence SVM According to Figure 90, modified vectors are available up to 50% and useful up to around 65% of the full modulation index. The virtual vectors type 1 are available up to 75% and useful up to around 90% of the full modulation index. The virtual vectors type 2 are available up to 100% of the full modulation index. 6.1.3 Sample definitions of modified and virtual vectors TABLE 48, REGULAR AND MODIFIED VECTORS {210} 2D States Levels Currents Total a b c a b c i-NP i-FC-a i-FC-b i-FC-c 11&19 3 1&2 0 2 1 0 ia + 0 0 0 93&158 5&6 3 1&2 3 2 1 ib/2 0 0 0 239&247 7 5&6 3 4 3 2 ic + 0 0 0 11/12 ¾ 1 0 2 1 0 ia 0 ib 0 247/311 7 6 ¾ 4 3 2 ic 0 -ib 0 Average -ib/2 0 0 0 19/20 ¾ 2 0 2 1 0 -ic 0 -ib 0 239/303 7 5 ¾ 4 3 2 -ia 0 ib 0 Average ib/2 0 0 0 For pure reactive power, the current ib is dominant in this operating point (i a = i c = -i b/2) Applying a linear combination of the regular vectors only (white fields), leads to any NP current from 0 to i b/2. Usage of modified vectors (yellow and blue) results in an NP current between –i b/2 to i b/2. This is a very significant extension of the possible current range that can be used for NP control. TABLE 49, TYPE 1 VIRTUAL VECTOR {3(1.5)0} 2D States Levels Currents Total a b c a b c i-NP i-FC-a i-FC-b i-FC-c 5&6 1&2 0 3 1 0 ia/2+ib/2 0 0 0 7 5&6 1&2 4 3 1 ib/2+ic/2 0 0 0 Average ib/4 0 0 0 7 3 1&2 4 2 1 ib+ic/2 0 0 0 5&6 3 0 3 2 0 ia/2+ib 0 0 0 Average 3ib/4 0 0 0 5&6 1 0 3 1 0 ia/2 0 ib 0 7 6 1&2 4 3 1 ic/2 0 -ib 0 Average -ib/4 0 0 0 5&6 2 0 3 1 0 ia/2+ib 0 0 0 7 5 1&2 4 3 1 ic/2+ib 0 0 0 Average 3ib/4 0 0 0 In the case of the virtual vectors introduced in TABLE 49, the NP current range can be extended: standard schemes allow for i b/4 to 3i b/4, the virtual vector for -i b/4 to 3i b/4. TABLE 50, TYPE 2 VIRTUAL VECTOR {420} 2D States Levels Currents Total a b c a b c i-NP i-FC-a i-FC-b i-FC-c 7 ¾ 0 4 2 0 ib 0 0 0 7 1 0 4 1 0 0 0 ib 0 7 6 0 4 3 0 0 0 -ib 0 Average 0 0 0 0 7 2 0 4 1 0 ib 0 -ib 0 7 5 0 4 3 0 ib 0 ib 0 Average ib 0 0 0 The vector 420 has no redundant states; the NP current is always i b. The application of virtual vector type 2 leads to a possible NP current range from 0 to i b.
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THÈSE En vue de l'obtention du DOC
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Acknowledgements i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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iv Table of Contents 3.4 Generic ML
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vi Table of Contents 7.1 General mo
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viii Résumé français (French sum
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x Résumé français (French summar
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xii Résumé français (French summ
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xiv Résumé français (French summ
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xvi Résumé français (French summ
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xviii Résumé français (French su
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Introduction 1 2 INTRODUCTION This
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Introduction 3 tighter capacitor di
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Introduction 5 TABLE 1, OPERATING R
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Introduction 7 2.3 Glossary Note th
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Introduction 9 2.4 Nomenclature Not
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Introduction 11 DPC DSP DTC FC FPGA
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ML Converter Topologies 13 3 ML CON
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ML Converter Topologies 15 The four
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ML Converter Topologies 17 Each swi
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ML Converter Topologies 19 size doe
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ML Converter Topologies 21 plus (a)
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ML Converter Topologies 23 N >= 2,
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ML Converter Topologies 25 (a) (b)
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ML Converter Topologies 27 (a) (b)
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ML Converter Topologies 29 In a pra
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ML Converter Topologies 31 reality,
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ML Converter Topologies 33 All cons
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ML Converter Topologies 35 TABLE 16
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ML Converter Topologies 37 TABLE 17
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ML Converter Topologies 39 3.7.4.1
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ML Converter Topologies 41 f C sw =
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ML Converter Topologies 43 A second
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ML Converter Topologies 45 Limitati
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ML Converter Topologies 47 1 K M 2
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ML Converter Topologies 49 3.8 Exec
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52 3-L DC Link ML Converter Propert
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Page 110 and 111: NP Control with Carrier based PWM 8
Page 144 and 145: NP Control with Optimal Sequence SV
Page 170 and 171: Application and Verification 149 7
Page 172 and 173: Application and Verification 151 TA
Page 174 and 175: Application and Verification 153 Th
Page 176 and 177: Application and Verification 155 7.
Page 188: Application and Verification 167 7.
Page 191 and 192: 170 Conclusions and Outlook 8.1.2 M
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178 Appendix TABLE 78, FLYING CAPAC
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180 Appendix 9.3 Single phase NP cu
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182 Appendix 9.4 States of the ANPC
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184 Appendix 9.5 NP currents as a f
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186 Appendix 9.5.3 Maximum and mini
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188 Appendix 9.6 NP current functio
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190 Appendix TABLE 91, NP CURRENT I
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192 Appendix TABLE 93, NP CURRENT I
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Bibliography 195 10 BIBLIOGRAPHY [1
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Bibliography 197 [33] P. Steimer,
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Bibliography 199 neutral point bala
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Bibliography 201 [88] J. Pou, J. Za
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