Actuarial Modelling of Claim Counts Risk Classification, Credibility ...

Risk Classification 117
Geographic risk –0.1463 –0.0975 –0.0311 –0.0415 –0.1141
Figure 2.19
Estimation of the geographically structured risk.
introduction. For more information, we refer the interested reader to the SAS R website,
http://www.sas.com/.
A number of software packages specific to the insurance industry have been developed,
some of them based on SAS R . We mention a few of them hereafter, without being exhaustive.
Note also that the authors did not test these tools, which are not available free of charge, so
that we could not evaluate their relative performances.
The Tricast suite has been developed using the support software from SAS R and
includes actuarial tools to create rating models. For more information, the interested
reader may email tricast@tricast-group.com. The consulting firm Watson Wyatt offers the
Pretium R system, which integrates with SAS R . For more details, we refer the reader to
http://www.watsonwyatt.com/. EMB has developed several computer tools for insurance
rating. The Emblem R software can be used to model claims experience and the Classifier TM
software allows one to assess and categorize geographically distributed risk. For more details,
see http://www.emb.co.uk/.
Academic researchers and research and development actuaries appreciate the software
system ‘R’. This is a free language and environment for statistical computing and graphics.
R is a GNU project which is similar to the S language and environment which was developed
at Bell Laboratories (formerly AT&T, now Lucent Technologies) by John Chambers and
colleagues. R can be considered as a different implementation of S. There are some important
differences, but much code written for S runs unaltered under R. R is available as Free
Software under the terms of the Free Software Foundation’s GNU General Public License