A catalogue of sculpture in the Department of ... - Warburg Institute

94 CATALOGUE OF SCULPTURE.a vaulted roof, which covered the cella alone. In consequencethe frieze was exposed to the weather, and theeast pediment was much destroyed. From 1206 to 1458,during the period of the Fi-ankish Dukes of Athens, theParthenon was a Latin church. Athens was taken by theTurks in 1458, and the Parthenon was again an OrthodoxGreek church for two years. In 1460, however, it wasconverted into a Turkish mosque. From this date itprobably suflfered little until 1687, when Athens wastaken by the Venetian General, Morosini.In the courseof a bombardment of the Acropolis, the besiegers succeededin throwing a shell into a powder magazine in theParthenon, and caused an explosion that destroyed theroof and much of the long sides of the building. Furtherinjury was done by Morosini, who made an attempt totake down the central group of the west pediment, whichwas still nearly complete.Fortunately, many of the sculptures had been drawnby a skilful artist before the explosion. In 1674 JacquesCarrey, a painter in the suite of the Marquis de Nointel,French ambassador at the Porte, made sketches of largeportions of the frieze and metopes, and of the then extantportions of the pedimental compositions. These drawingsare preserved in the French Bibliotheque Nationale, andare constantly referred to in discussions of the Parthenonsculptures.In 1688 Athens was restored to the Turks, and fromthis date to the end of the last century the sculptures ofthe Parthenon were exposed to constant injury. Some ofthem were made into lime, or built into walls by theTurkish garrison ; others were mutilated by the travellerswho from time to time obtained admission to the Acropolis,and broke oif portable fragments of the sculptures.In 1749, when the west pediment was drawn by Dalton,many figures still remained in position which had dis-