diced b Jos e S. Arc a, - non

economic diffiCulties. Many of its senior employees, displaced by a wave ofnew functionaries appointed, by the 'evolutionary government, were inmisery, so much so that "entire families go through these streets [of Manila]begging from generous souls a loaf of bread or cooked rice to feedthemselves." Some, bereft of resources to return to the peninsula, were able todo so later, thanks to a subscription organized by the government itself.Among these was perhaps Federico Lerena, who, once he reached Spain,would found, together with Manuel Regidor, the review El Eco Filipino.Besides the authors and publications mentioned above, there were stillothers who joined the controversy on the clergy in the Philippines: RafaelMa. de Labra in Las Cortes; Vicente Barrantes in El Pueblo (with the help ofthe Commissars of the religious orders); Francisco Arriaga (we shall discusshim more fully in another place) in La Armonk, (the review which publishedabout 26 articles and letters on the Philippines), La Espana Radical, ElCorreo de Espana, El Universal, probably Las Provincias de Ultramar, andEl Correo de las Antillas. Although more or less sporadically, almost all theperiodicals and reviews of that period published articles on the matter,especially during the years 1869-1870.The conservative press defended the status quo of the clergy in thePhilippines, heaping praises on the friars and showing their own prejudicesand niggardly appreciation of the secular. The liberal press, for its part,demanded the confiscation of the goods of the regular clergy, their voluntaryor forcible exclaustration, and the nationalization of the schools. The attitudeof the liberal press towards the secular clergy was far from unanimous,however. La Discusion, for example, habitually made apologies for thesecular priests. La Reforma cursed them, while El Eco Filipino in generalneither praised nor vituperated them, but used them rather for its ownadvantage.6. Colophon on the Biography and Personality of Joaquin de CoriaAs we have been able to observe, there are various individuals who playa fundamental role in the controversy about the clergy in the Philippines:Rafael Garcia Lopez, Vicente Barantes, Joaquin de Coria, Francisco Arriaga,Jose Burgos, and the Regidor brothers, although these last in a less importantrole than Antonio Ma. Regidor wants us to believe from his writings. Each,one of them deserves a full monograph similar to that on Burgos bySchumacher. In regards to the Franciscan Coria, it would be good to add afew comments to what has been discussed elsewhere.um164