diced b Jos e S. Arc a, - non

a priest of the Cathedral, who has published in , . . La Discusion threeinflammatory articles, dated 20 March, 12 April, and the third after these."The apple of dilcord has poisoned the Philippine ecclesiastical eden, itsinhabitants have lost their innocence. At the same time the Church wasdeprived of her legitimate properties and her freedom, systematically tieddown in word and deed. While she was being destroyed, the governmentinterfered with her internal affairs and incited her clergy to fight one;another.Foreign merchants and companies were allowed,to corner the country's rite,abaca, sugar, etc. with their chains of monopolies, becoming masters of therural estates and provoking an economic crisis. As a result, a rural proletariatquickly appeared where formerly there had been individual and collectivelandowners, discontent simmered among the dispossessed, and sociopoliticalupheavals occurred. An adroit propaganda popularized to satietythat the cause of all the evils was the friars, that continuing on the same roadthe Philippines would neither solve her problems nor obtain theindependence which for years they had already worked for. The only thingthey would achieve was a change of masters, and. Rizal foresaw this withdistinct clarity. That is why he refused to lead a revolution he knew wouldbenefit only a third party. And so, those who unlike him had no courage toface death would accuse him of cowardice."THE CAVITE MUTINYI consider the events that occurred in Cavite the night of 20 January 1872as the point of departure in the journey of the Philippines in history, until itended in the hands of the United States government. The misgovernmentwhich, according to Volonteri and his companions began with the Spanishrevolution of 1868, continued under the term of his compatriot, Amadeo ofSavoy (1871-1873). In the Philippines, a military uprising by the nativeartillery guarding the fort of San Felipe with part of the Marine Infantry at thearsenal of Cavite took place. It was a revolution of subordinate officers,similar to what had occurred in Spain in the same century.My present discussion is based on documents hitherto not used by eitherFilipino or Spanish historians. They contain information of the Filipinopriests exiled to the Marianas Islands as a result of the mutiny, but havingescaped, they arrived in Hongkong where they came into contact with theItalian missionaries whom they must have known before in the Philippines.15