diced b Jos e S. Arc a, - non

120. I ask the reader to read again Rizal's article published in LaSolidaridad (15 and 30 November 1890: EJR, VII, 271-282), under the title"Las Luchas de Nuestros Dias, por D. F. Pi y Margall," and carefullycompare what he says there regarding the book with the vision of thereligious phenomenon found in the Noli in order to prove what I have said.Jose Rizal bought the book from Pi y Margall in 1884, although the edition hecites in his articles seems to be of a later date. It is therefore surprising thatsomeone should write, without any distinctions, that "Rizal was one of thosegifted men in history who was ahead of his times. His book [Noli] containsnothing that an educated Catholic of today could find fault with." SeeP. Cushner, S. J., Spain in the Philippines (Quezon City, 1971), 224.121. Gomez Aparicio, Historia del periodismo espanol, 120-121.122. Morayta's lecture occasioned strong condemnations from theArchbishops of Zaragoza and Granada, the Bishop of Avid, theadministrator of Toledo, who banned it, since they considered the author hadwritten it "using rational and anti-Christian nonns." See La Ciencia Cristiana4:72 (1884), 72. A writer even went so far as to solicit that the Governmentshould bar from their professorial duties "whoever used it to corrupt withanti-Christian teachings our Catholic youth in the public institutions ofteaching." Op. cit., 742. Similar condemnations appeared in La Cruz(November 1884), 599-610; Revista Popular 20:725 (30 October 1884),309-312.123. It is known that in his letter to F. R. Hidalgo, May, 1887, Rizalmentions that the title of his novel Noll me tangere are words taken from thegospel of Saint Luke." This is wrong since the words are from the gospelaccording to Saint John, 20:17. Rizal, however, uses them in a sense that hasnothing to do with their original biblical context, but rather in the senseintended them by La Reforma. It is even more probable the Philippinenational hero chose this title after having read the newspaper or after itscontents had been communicated to him by Miguel Morayta, including thebiblical phrase.124. Ante Radaic, Jose Rizal romantic° realista (Manila, 1961); AntonioAbad, "El tema de Rizal," Rizal Anthology (Manila, 1961), 334-335.125. Schumacher, The Propaganda Movement. 81.126. Jose Rizal, Diario de Madrid. 1884 (Ed. Pedro Ortiz Armengol,Madrid, 1860), 99.285