diced b Jos e S. Arc a, - non

English or French for, he writes, "you will be able to read the complete worksof Voltaire, whose beautiful, simple, and correct style is admirable, besidesbeing in harmony with his niode of thinking." EJR, III, 2-1, 274.21. EJR, I, 120.22. Pedro Gomez Aparicio, Historia del periodismo espanol. De laRevoluciOn de septiembre al desastre colonial (Madrid, 1981), 409-413.23. La Discusidn, an out and out republican paper, ultraliberal, already in1869 utilized by Joaquin de Coria and Jose Burgos to debate on the problemof the Filipino secular clergy, openly proclaimed its challenge and ideologythrough its subtitles. During the revolutionary period, it was "DiarioDemocrdtico: No mds Tiranos-Soberania del Pueblo," and during Amadeo'smonarchy, "No mds Reyes-Viva la Republica." With regard to the articles inLas Dominicales de El Libre Pensador, the noted Spanish journalist DiegoCarcedo offers this criticism: "Scandalous news against the sixthcommandment predominated. Some times it is a parish priest who hasamorous relations with a widow; other times, a friar who fled from theconvent and violated a girl; still other times a cloistered nun who held arendezvous at a bridge with a young student; other times a clergymansurprised in bed with a married woman and jumping down a window; and atothers a priest who performs impure acts with boys in the sacristy . ." SeeGomez Aparicio, Historia del periodismo espanol, 449.24. Gomez Aparicio, Historia, 418-420.25. Op. cit., 251.26. Wenceslao E. Retana, Vida y escritos del Dr. Jose Rizal (Madrid,1907), 274. On this point, Retana makes this interesting comment earlier inthe same work: "The Filipino theoretical revolutionaries found inspiration inthe Spanish practical revolutionaries." (page 156) Admiration for these greatpersonalities of nineteenth-century Spanish liberalism was shared in a greateror less degree by all the members of the Filipino colony in Spain. Some, likeGraciano Lopez Jaena, using their typically exalted and demagogicvocabulary, did not hesitate to utter their praise in public, like the following:". . instruments of modem Spain, of liberal and spiritualized Spain. Morayta,the personification of the freedom of Thought, of emancipated reason, isconsequently the personification of the country's freedom, of the people'sredemption. Labra, like. Fulton, like James Watt, is the incarnation of therevolutionary spirit in the sciences, arts and letters; he is the living protest,274