Flora Medica

ROSA.Calyx inferior, tubular, contracted at the summit, permanent,finally succulent ; limb in 5, deep, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, concave,imbricated, permanent or deciduous segments;either allsimple, or 2 of them more or less pinnate. Petals 5, inverselyheart-shaped, about as long as the segments of the calyx, andattached by broad claws to the rim of its tube, deciduous. Filamentsnumerous, capillary,much shorter than the petals, fromthe rim of the calyx within the corolla. Carpels numerous, oblong,lining the tube of the calyx, interspersed with dense silkyhairs; styles 1 to each, lateral, smooth or hairy, all passingthrough the contracted mouth of the calyx in some cases united;into a cylinder; stigmas obtuse. Fruit globular or ovate, formedof the permanent, pulpy, coloured tube of the calyx, closed atthe summit, and containing numerous, oblong, angular, hard,bristly achenia, interspersed with rigid hairs. Shrubs withpinnated leaves and large showy flowers.4-62. R. canina Linn. sp. 704. Lindl. man. ros. 98. Woodv.t. 139. S. and C. ii. t. 100. Eng. Bot.it. 992, 2367. Commonall over Europe and the North of Asia.A soft branched smooth bush, with long green curved rootshoots,covered with equal hooked prickles, without any intermixture of setae.Leaflets ovate, firm, without glandular pubescence, serrated, with convergingteeth. Flowers with leafy bracts. Sepals partly pinnated,usually naked as well as the tube of the calyx. Petals white or pink,Throat of the calyx thick and quite closed up. Fruit red, succulent,truncated in consequence of the fall of the sepals.From the pulpyfruit of this and probably other allied species the officinal conserve ofRoses is prepared.463. R. centifolia Linn. sp. 704. Lindl. mon. ros. 64. Redout,ros. i. tt. 1. 7. 26. &c. R. provincial Mill. diet. No. 18.Woods in the eastern parts of the Caucasus.An erect bush, with the branches pretty closely covered with pricklesand glandular bristles of different forms and sizes ;the large ones falcate.Shoots erect. Leaflets oblong or ovate, rugose, fringed with glands.Flowers several together, large, drooping, with leafybracts. Sepalsleafy, compound, viscid. Fruit oblong. The petals are collected forthe distillation of Rose water ; they are laxative and used in infantilediseases.464. R. gallica Linn. sp. 704. Lindl. mon. ros. 68. Redout,ros. tt. 25. 52. &c. R. pumila Linn, suppl. 262. Jcwq.jl.austr.t. 198. Hedges and thickets in various parts of Austria, andthe Crimea, &c.A dwarfish stiff short-branched bush, with the shoots armed withnearly equal uniform prickles and glandular bristles intermixed.stiffj elliptical, rugose. Flowers several, together, large erect, with leafybracts. Sepals ovate, leafy, compound. Fruit oblong. The petalsare astringent and tonic, and are dried for various officinal preparations.228