Flora Medica

CINCHONACE*:.Trunk straight, of considerable thickness and height. Branchesnumerous, spreading. Bark of the trunk pretty thick ;the exteriorcoating grey, light, spongy, cracking in various directions, and frequentlyfalling off; the middle coat brown, of a farinaceous nature, and as thickas both the exterior and interior coats; the interior white. Leavesopposite, oblong, entire, soft, downy, particularly on the under side;veins simple, and frequently opposite, from 6 to 1 2 inches long, andfrom 3 to 5 broad. Floral leaves, at the lower part of the ramificationsof the panicle, in shape like the rest, but much smaller, coloured, morepermanent, and bullate. Petioles round, downy, 2 or 3 inches long.Stipules within the leaves, ovate-cordate, acutely serrate, erect, caducous.Panicles terminal, large, generally with the lower ramifications decussating.Flowers fascicled, small, greenish-white, exceedingly numerous,exquisitely fragrant. Calyx superior, 5-toothed. Corolla funnel-formed,downy ;tube long ;border 5-parted, with oval, spreading divisions, nothalf the length of the tube. Filaments 5, short, inserted into the mouthof the tube; anthers erect, i within the tube. Style twice the lengthof the tube ; stigma capitate. Capsule oblong, crowned with the remainsof the calyx, about as thick as a field bean, but twice as long, 4-streaked,marked with small white, elevated specks, 2-celled, 2-valved, openingfrom the top. Placentae slender, angular, the length of the capsule,affixed lengthways to the suture of the partition. Seeds from 6 to 12in each cell, chestnut-coloured, imbricated, oblong, compressed, enlargedall round by a membranous jagged wing, which at the base issplit up to the seed itself. Roxburgh. The 2 inner layers of bark possessthe bitterness and astringency of Peruvian bark, and when fresh in astronger degree. The bitterness is not so quickly communicated to thetaste, on chewing the bark, but is much more durable, especially aboutthe upper part of the fauces. Id.EXOSTEMA.Calyx obovate, 5-toothed. Corolla with a terete tube, and a5-parted limb, with linear segments. Anthers linear, exserted.Capsule crowned by the calyx, dehiscing from the apex throughthe dissepiments into 2 half fruits. Seeds girded by a membranousentire border. Trees or shrubs. Leaves oval or lanceolate,short-stalked. Stipules solitary on each side of the petioles.Peduncles axillary or terminal. Flowers white or pink.Bark without either quinine or cinchonine.857. E. caribaeum Rom. and S. v. 18. iv.DC.prodr. 359.Cinchona caribaea Jacq. amer. t. 179. f. 65. Lamb, cinch, t. 4.C. jamaicensis Wright trans, roy. soc. 67. 504. t. 10. Bot. rep.t. 481. Most of the West India islands and Mexico. (QuinquinaPiton; Sea side Beech.)An erect branched shrub, about 10 feet high. Leaves lanceolate,acuminate, entire, smooth, reflexed at the point, stalked, 2-3 incheslong. Peduncles 1 -flowered, short, axillary. Flowers very sweetscented,whitish flesh-colour, H inch long. Corolla with a very long,cylindrical, erect tube, and 5 linear, obtuse, concave, reflexed segmentslonger than the tube. The capsules, before they are quite ripe, are430