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USAIDVPoAVSSWBGUWCDRRWEFWFPWMOWTOWWFUnited States Agency for International DevelopmentVienna Programme of ActionVoluntary Sustainability StandardsGerman Advisory Council on Global Change3 rd UN World Conference on Disaster Risk ReductionWorld Economic ForumWorld Food ProgrammeWorld Meteorological OrganizationWorld Trade OrganizationWorld Wildlife Fund18
Executive Summary2015 will be a watershed year for sustainable development.Major international conferences – on financing fordevelopment, the post-2015 development agenda, andclimate change – will take momentous decisions that could,if effectively implemented, have profound implications forthe future of our societies, our economies and of ourplanet.This is the context in which this year’s Global SustainableDevelopment Report (GSDR) appears. Building upon the2014 Prototype report, 1 the current Report responds to theRio+20 mandate to contribute to strengthening thescience-policy interface (SPI) for sustainable development,particularly in the context of the High-level political forum(HLPF) on sustainable development. 2 Given the anticipatedadoption in September of the post-2015 developmentagenda with its sustainable development goals, the reportasks how well prepared the scientific community is toinform the sort of integrated and multidimensionalproblem solving and policy making that will be needed forimplementing this agenda.True to its mandate, the report is designed as anassessment of assessments rather than seeking to pioneernew knowledge. It endeavors to present a range ofscientific perspectives and to be policy-relevant but notpolicy-prescriptive. One distinctive feature of the report isits illustration of different vantage points from which toexamine the science-policy interface and to viewintegration and interlinkages across goals, sectors, andissues. Its preparation involved an inclusive, multistakeholderprocess drawing upon scientific and technicalexpertise from within and outside the United NationsSystem.Science-policy interface for sustainable developmentThe science-policy interface (SPI) functions at many levels.This report considers its functioning at international andnational levels, the latter in relation to countries in specialsituations, and also in relation to the nexus of oceans, seas,marine resources and human well-being and the crosscuttingissue of disaster risk reduction (DRR).At the international level, there are multiple examples ofthe SPI in relation to sustainable development: formal andlarge-scale assessment processes and platforms like theIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and theIntergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and EcosystemServices (IPBES); advisory bodies like the UN Secretary-General’s Scientific Advisory Board; ad hoc meetingsbringing together scientists and policy makers to discussspecific priority issues; and academic journal articlesaddressing emerging issues, such as nanotechnology 3 .The current Report focuses in the first instance, in Chapter1, on how the HLPF could add value to the currentlandscape of SPI configurations addressing sustainabledevelopment issues at the UN. The chapter considers theviews on the SPI offered by UN Member States, UNorganizations and other stakeholders as inputs to the 2014UN Secretary-General’s report on “Options for the scopeand methodology for a global sustainable developmentreport”. 4 Another source was a survey of scientists anddevelopment practitioners conducted for this GSDR. Takentogether, these two sets of responses suggest a range ofways for the HLPF to enable constructive interactionsbetween science and policy-making at the UN. These canbe clustered into three groups (illustrated in Figure ES-0-1).A first group of actions relates to the provision of policyrelevantdata, analysis and information; a second to actionsthat the HLPF could take to support enhanced dialoguebetween science and policy; and a third to the translationof the results of science-policy dialogue into policy-making.Scientists suggested that priorities for consideration by theHLPF could be based on an overall assessment of progresstowards sustainable development. This assessment couldinform policy responses to accelerate progress andovercome obstacles. Experts expressed the broadestsupport for the following SPI functions: providing improvedaccess to the findings of existing assessments, highlightingsynergies, trade-offs and tools to address them, andhelping transpose the outcomes of global science-policydebates into regionally and nationally relevant frameworksfor action. These ideas reflect some of the core mandatesof the HLPF as contained in the Rio+20 outcome document,and the fact that experts rank them as very important,attests to a shared sense of priorities between scientistsand policy-makers. Most of the expert respondents alsosuggested that the HLPF could inform the scientificresearch agenda.Other important ideas revolve around the identification ofsustainable development trends and the identification of,and action on, emerging issues. Many of the practitionerswho provided inputs for the report emphasized theimportance for the HLPF to consider an array of actionsrather than any single prescription, recognizing the needfor policy flexibility and also the scope for exploitingsynergies across policies.19
Page 1 and 2: GLOBAL SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT REPOR
Page 3: ForewordIn September 2015, world le
Page 6 and 7: 3.1. Interlinked issues: oceans, se
Page 8 and 9: 7.2.1. Open call for inputs to the
Page 10 and 11: Box 5-10. Operationalizing inclusiv
Page 12 and 13: Figure 8-8. Location of ambulance u
Page 14 and 15: Hentinnen (DFID); Annabelle Moatty
Page 16 and 17: Friendship University of Russia, Ru
Page 18 and 19: List of Abbreviations and AcronymsA
Page 20 and 21: IRENAIRIISEALISSCITCITU-TIUCNIUUIWM
Page 24 and 25: Figure ES-0-1. Possible roles for t
Page 26 and 27: Figure ES-0-2. Links among SDGs thr
Page 28 and 29: increase either the availability or
Page 30 and 31: Chapter 1.The Science Policy Interf
Page 32 and 33: Complex relationship between scienc
Page 34 and 35: Communication between scientists an
Page 36 and 37: 1.2.1. Highlighting trends and prov
Page 38 and 39: International, Marine Stewardship C
Page 40 and 41: limited. There is a relative dearth
Page 42 and 43: educe the time lag between science
Page 44 and 45: Chapter 2. Integrated Perspectives
Page 46 and 47: 2.1.4. Recommendations by the Inter
Page 48 and 49: ultimate idea is systems design - t
Page 50 and 51: 2.2. Integrated SDG perspectives in
Page 52 and 53: Hunger andagriculturePovertyWorld B
Page 54 and 55: IIASA-GEAPBLSEIOECDRITE-ALPSFEEMGSG
Page 56 and 57: Table 2-4. Number of models capturi
Page 58 and 59: In order for oceans, seas and marin
Page 60 and 61: fully integrated scientific assessm
Page 62 and 63: While some efforts are undertaken t
Page 64 and 65: Table 3-3. Impact of important clas
Page 66 and 67: Marine pollution from marine and la
Page 68 and 69: While the scientific coverage of th
Page 70 and 71: managementinitiative in BancoChinch
Page 72 and 73:
equired, with natural and social sc
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Table 4-1. SDGs and DRR linkagesSDG
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poverty forces low-income household
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Figure 4-1. Economic losses relativ
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OECD countries and, if they are ava
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4.3.4. Baseline setting and assessi
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Using assessed levels of risk as ba
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Table 4-3. Disaster management cycl
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New sensor data also includes unman
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Chapter 5. Economic Growth, Inclusi
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Table 5-1. Industrial policy waves
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Figure 5-3. Number of Y02 patents p
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increasingly production specific an
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5.3. Industrialisation and social s
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education will either make it hard
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Table 5-3. UNEP’s five key types
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5.6. Concluding remarksThe precedin
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occurs despite the lower share of e
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LLDCs face several development chal
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technology-innovation (STI) policie
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6.2.3. Relevant publications for LD
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- A patent bank would help LDCs sec
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In comparison to the Almaty Program
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Box 6-6. ASYCUDA and Landlocked Cou
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6.4.5. The landscape of SIDS relate
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Table 6-2. Example of science-polic
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Figure 6-9. Data availability for i
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Review Focusing on the Least Develo
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Table 6-5. Coverage of SDGs in publ
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- SYLWESTER, Kevin. Foreign direct
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SIDS:- UNCTAD. Improving transit tr
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Chapter 7.Science Issues for the At
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7.2.1. Open call for inputs to the
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implementation (SDG17), peaceful an
Page 141 and 142:
percentage of women holding a leade
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environment, in order to make stron
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technology transfer. Respect for ea
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Figure 7-5. Concentrations of plast
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SDGs What is measured? Data source
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UN SystementityECLAC Drafted and re
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Figure 7-6 shows very wide ranges f
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Table 7-8. Factors that promoted or
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Chapter 8. New Data Approaches for
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These novel Internet- and SMS-based
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GabonNamibiaNigerSenegalRep CongoC
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Figure 8-5. Poverty map for Guinea,
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Figure 8-9. Map of internet connect
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Box 8-11. A geographical approach t
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There are many well established met
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epidemics. Some African countries a
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Figure 8-13. Data innovations cover
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issues” in respective areas of ex
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Notes1 United Nations, Prototype Gl
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51 Contributions sent by national l
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112 The 72 models are: AIM, ASF, AS
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201 For more information, please vi
Page 185 and 186:
276 A. R. Subbiah, Lolita Bildan, a
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354 Information available at: http:
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African Economic Outlook, Structura
Page 191 and 192:
512 Report Of The International Min
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595 Jessica N. Reimer et.al, Health
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671 Pulselabkampala.ug, 'UNFPA Ugan
Page 197 and 198:
732 Climate Change timeline: (a) Sc
Page 199 and 200:
790 Oxfam. ICT in humanitarian prac
Page 201 and 202:
863 T. Dinku. New approaches to imp
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