A Technical History of the SEI

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from the government, industry, and academic institutions prominent in computer science and software engineering. As conceived, the Software Engineering Institute was to be administered by a university and chartered as an FFRDC. A model of an FFRDC, albeit in other technologies, was the Lincoln Laboratory, administered by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and funded by the DoD. In 1984 there had been no new FFRDCs formed in 20 years. When the competitive process was established, a number of universities with expertise in software engineering responded with well-conceived proposals. The responding teams from the different institutions were well coordinated, and the communities where those institutions resided orchestrated powerful lobbying campaigns. Carnegie Mellon University did not fall short in attracting political support from its congressional delegation in Pennsylvania and other states with academic institutions allied with Carnegie Mellon University in the quest to attract the SEI. It was then when, as provost of CMU, I played a role on behalf of the SEI, spearheading the lobbying campaign and leading the team of computer scientists to put together a strong proposal and assembling a meaningful team of computer scientists and technologists who would form the starting nucleus of the SEI. A key part of the proposal was a strong board of visitors, made of prominent people with very strong reputations, from universities (other than CMU), government, and industry. The proposed acting director of the SEI was a respected computer scientist and software engineer who was to head the Department of Computer Science at CMU. After the SEI was launched and a permanent director was found, the acting director was to return to his academic position. Ultimately he became the Dean of the School of Computer Science, formed in 1988 from computer-related disciplines at CMU: the Department of Computer Science, the Robotics Institute, the Language Translation Center, precursor of the current Language Technology Institute, and other related units. After the SEI was granted to CMU, key members of the institute were hired from inside CMU and other institutions, including industry and government. Programs responding to the charter of the SEI were formed and a number of initiatives were started, including a strong Industrial Affiliates Program and an Educational Program to confer a Master of Science in Software Engineering. This MS in Software Engineering, which served as a model in the country and abroad, was eventually transferred to the Computer Science Department on campus and is now a successful program in the Institute for Software Research (ISR) in the School of Computer Science. The SEI started its operations in December 1984. The first contract for the first five years, 1985- 1990, was funded with $100 million. The contract was renewed in 1990 for another five years with $150 million, and again in 1995 with the same amount. Eventually a permanent director was attracted after a national search. After a year of operations under the leadership of the new director, some difficulties arose owing in part to problems of assimilation and different cultures between the director, its members, and CMU. The director resigned and I, the provost, assumed the acting directorship of the SEI, while continuing to direct the rest of the university, but closely advised by Larry Druffel. After equilibrium was established and the momentum of the SEI was restored, Larry, at the time an executive in a software company in California (who had played a key role in the original conception of the SEI while at the DoD), was attracted as director in 1986. Under Larry, the SEI was propelled to a new trajectory toward becoming a national resource in software engineering as conceived in its charter. He served for 10 years, and moved to another position of leadership in another institution in another part of the country. A few years ago he returned CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited xii
to the SEI on a part-time basis as a visiting scientist playing an important role as advisor on strategy. For his service to the SEI with distinction in different capacities, including the editorship of this report, Carnegie Mellon owes him great gratitude. The charter evolved and changed over the years to respond to changes in the environment in accord with the sponsoring organizations, on the watch of the following directors: Larry Druffel (1986-1996), Stephen E. Cross (1996-2002), Angel Jordan (Acting Director in 2003), and Paul Nielsen (2004-to date). Over the three decades of its existence, the SEI has made many technical contributions to software engineering for which we all can be justifiably proud. The SEI has a track record of leadership in software engineering that has enabled the DoD to take advantage of technology improvements. The report shows clearly that the SEI has not only had impact on specific DoD programs, but has provided leadership to the broader computing community that has brought further development that benefits the DoD. The SEI has also contributed greatly to defining software engineering as a discipline. With its actions and works, it has demonstrated the importance of technology transition. Further, it has demonstrated that having a collection of software experts familiar with research and technology trends, and becoming familiar with DoD needs, can develop technology solutions to satisfy those anticipated needs. The SEI offers an opportunity that is unique. The DoD challenged the university community to formulate an approach to define the profession of software engineering and offered to fund the response to the challenge. CMU accepted the challenge. What the DoD asks in return is that the SEI focus on those software engineering problem areas that plague the DoD. Although the SEI is not the lone player in that endeavor, many of our peers recognize that they have a stake in the outcome and are motivated to help, whether out of commitment to the profession, because of a personal desire for recognition, or simply to influence the SEI’s thinking along the lines important to that contributor. Consequently, we not only have an interesting and exciting challenge, we have immediate access to leaders in our profession. In adopting the approach to providing leadership in achieving consensus, we thereby encourage the community to participate actively in our endeavors, making them our partners. CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited xiii
Page 1 and 2: A Technical History of the SEI Larr
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Foreword Preface
Page 5 and 6: The Consequence: Undergraduate Soft
Page 7 and 8: References 131 Expanding the CMMI P
Page 9 and 10: The Challenge: Configuration Suppor
Page 11 and 12: References 275 Operational Support
Page 13: Foreword Angel Jordan University Pr
Page 17 and 18: Blaise Durante Deputy Assistant Sec
Page 19 and 20: synergy between the TRA team’s ob
Page 21 and 22: Preface This report chronicles the
Page 23 and 24: Abstract This report chronicles the
Page 25 and 26: 1 Introduction CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
Page 27 and 28: Introduction In December 1984, the
Page 29 and 30: promulgate use of modern techniques
Page 31 and 32: Interpreting the Charter In creatin
Page 33 and 34: of Defense and flag officers from t
Page 35 and 36: (CRADA) funding is available to exp
Page 37 and 38: Another effective mechanism has bee
Page 39 and 40: 2 Real-Time Embedded Systems Engine
Page 41: Figure 3: Real-Time Embedded System
Page 44 and 45: Introduction to Real-Time Embedded
Page 46 and 47: in those developments. The SEI was,
Page 48 and 49: general-purpose techniques but with
Page 50 and 51: Summary DoD systems have traditiona
Page 52 and 53: Ada/Real-Time Embedded Systems Test
Page 54 and 55: enchmark. Results of testbed experi
Page 56 and 57: Distributed Ada Real-Time Kernel Th
Page 58 and 59: Ada Adoption Handbook The Challenge
Page 60 and 61: [Hefley 1992] Hefley, William; Fore
Page 62 and 63: processor utilization. The sample a
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References [AFSAB 1988] Air Force S
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also known as using simplicity to c
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Software for Heterogeneous Machines
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[Barbacci 1986b] Barbacci, Mario &
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The increase in processing capacity
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[Lakshmanan 2011] Lakshmanan, Karth
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analysis as well as model tuning fo
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References [Hansen 2004] Hansen, J.
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or asynchronous networked computer
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3 Education and Training CMU/SEI-20
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Figure 4: Education and Training Ti
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making materials available to allow
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course offering, while at other uni
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[DoD 1984] Statement of Work for Im
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The curriculum guidelines also sugg
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Undergraduate Software Engineering
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SEI adapted the Personal Software P
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Software Assurance Curriculum for C
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how they relate to business needs.
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Survivability and Information Assur
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The SEI curriculum and others’ co
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The CSEE conference series also bro
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CMU Master of Software Engineering
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Executive Education Program The Cha
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Professional Training The Challenge
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Education and Training Delivery Pla
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[Ardis 2005] Ardis, Mark. “An Inc
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practical for keeping content curre
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[Johnson 2012] Johnson, Col. Rivers
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4 Management CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Figure 5: Management Timeline CMU/S
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Introduction to Management When the
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neering CMM [SEI 1995] to describe
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under SEI stewardship in 2009. Deve
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References [Averill 1993] Averill,
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[SEI 1995] A Systems Engineering Ca
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The SEI developed a more explicit m
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[Humphrey 1988] Humphrey, Watts; Sw
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opinion leaders and senior managers
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[Hayes 1995] Hayes, William & Zubro
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move from maturity level to maturit
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The People Capability Maturity Mode
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The SEI Contribution As is the case
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and security process improvement. T
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[Caralli 2004] Caralli, Richard. Ma
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4.6.2.1 CMMI Constellations For CMM
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ity and widespread use of the CMMI
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Expanding the CMMI Product Suite to
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key leaders within that organizatio
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The Smart Grid The Challenge: The N
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ecoming more widespread. As utiliti
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Continuous Risk Management training
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[Alberts 2009] Alberts, Christopher
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The principal motivator for the dev
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References [Carleton 2010] Carleton
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Measurement and Analysis The Challe
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Carnegie Mellon University, 2002. h
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activities. The final set of activi
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[Rombach 1989] Rombach, H. Dieter &
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5 Security CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SO
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Figure 6: Security Timeline CMU/SEI
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Introduction to Security In the ear
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The CERT/CC helps guard against dev
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The SEI concern about risks posed t
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Teams (FIRST), which was formed in
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[Killcrece 2008] Killcrece, Georgia
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The CERT/CC built on its vast colle
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Malicious Code Analysis The Challen
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have put advanced tools in the hand
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Secure Coding The Challenge: Preven
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end, the SEI has developed training
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Network Situational Awareness The C
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In 2007, the Comprehensive National
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study. In 2011, the DoD began fundi
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[CSO 2004] CSO Magazine, in coopera
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People who work in small organizati
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[Violino 2010] Violino, Bob. “IT
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Since its initial development in 20
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References [Alberts 2005] Alberts,
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6 Software Engineering Methods CMU/
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Introduction to Software Engineerin
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were delivered to Army and Air Forc
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Configuration Management The Challe
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The SEI Contribution The SEI recogn
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CASE Environments The Challenge: Ma
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The SEI Contribution The CASE work
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Software Technology Reference Guide
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Reengineering The Challenge: Legacy
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[Bergey 1999] Bergey, John; Smith,
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2. Influence is more important than
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[Brownsword 2004] Brownsword, Lisa;
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Developing Systems with Commercial
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The SEI Contribution When the SEI s
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[Tyson 2003] Tyson, Barbara; Albert
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system is safe); (2) evidence suppo
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7 Architecture CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
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1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
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Introduction to Software Architectu
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cation description language, in the
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AFSC/ESD conducted a source selecti
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[Brown 1995] Brown, Alan; Carney, D
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Structural Modeling The Challenge:
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The SEI Contribution As a result of
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Federal Aviation Administration Stu
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evolving understanding of software
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The basic features of Serpent were
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Software Architecture Analysis Meth
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A survey of software architecture e
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Quality Attributes The Challenge: M
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[Barbacci 1995] Barbacci, Mario; Kl
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The Consequence: Effective Evaluati
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[Gallagher 2000] Gallagher, Brian.
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design with some variation built in
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Software Product Lines The Challeng
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A software product line curriculum.
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8 Forensics CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | S
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Figure 8: Forensics Timeline CMU/SE
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Introduction to Computer Forensics:
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ultimate contribution of SEI digita
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The SEI’s experience with cases s
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Digital Intelligence and Investigat
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that not only apply to the specific
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9 The Future of Software Engineerin
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A Vision of the Future of Software
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In each case, impact is achieved th
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e-estimation as a means to assess p
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and complexity of these systems are
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10 Conclusion CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Highlighting 30 Years of Contributi
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developed network situational aware
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Direct Support to Government System
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In the course of these reviews, the
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Appendix Authors Contributing to th
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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A Technical History of the SEI

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