A Technical History of the SEI

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References [Hansen 2004] Hansen, J.; Ghosh, S., Rajkumar, R.; and & Lehoczky, J. “Resource Management of Highly Configurable Tasks,” 116. Proceedings of the 18th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, April 26-30 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1303070&tag=1 [Lehoczky 1996] Lehoczky, John P. “Real-Time Queueing Theory,” 186. Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. Washington, DC, December 4-6, 1996. IEEE, 1996. dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=828944 [Mandak 2001] Mandak, Wayne S. & Stowell, Charles. A Dynamic Assembly for System Adaptability, Dependability and Assurance (DASADA) Project Analysis. Naval Postgraduate School, 2001. http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA393486 [Lehoczky 1996] Lehoczky, John P. “Real-Time Queueing Theory.” Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. Washington, DC, December 4-6, 1996. IEEE, 1996. dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=828944 [Rajkumar 1997] Rajkumar, R.; Lee, C., & Lehoczky, J., & Siewiorek, D. “A Resource Allocation Model for QoS Management,” 298-307. Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. San Francisco, CA, December 3-5, 1997. IEEE, 1997. http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/rtmach/public/papers/qos.ps [Saewong 2002] Saewong, S.; Rajkumar, R.; Lehoczky, J. P.; & Klein, M. H. “Analysis of Hierarchical Fixed-Priority Scheduling,” 173-181. Proceedings of Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems. Vienna, Austria, June 19-21, 2002. IEEE, 2002. http://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/ecrts/2002/1665/00/16650173-abs.html CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 53 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
Architecting Software-Reliant, Safety-Critical Systems with SAE AADL The Challenge: Reducing Faults in Safety-Critical Defense Systems Safety- and mission-critical systems, such as aircraft, motor vehicles, and communication systems, have become increasingly software reliant. The cost of developing such systems has increased exponentially under the current practice of “build then test” and has become unaffordable—reaching 10 billion dollars for the next-generation aircraft, with software comprising 70 percent or more of the total system cost [Redman 2010]. The results are major delays in system delivery and unexpected system failures during operation. A major cost driver is the exponential growth in software size and interaction complexity. This growth is due to the increasing role of software as the integrator of system functionality and the use of a shared networked computer hardware infrastructure. Studies show that for safety-critical software systems, 70 percent of faults are introduced during requirements specification and architecture design; and 80 percent are currently not caught until integration/acceptance testing and actual operation, with rework cost factors of 110-1000x [AVSI 2010]. Many of the root causes are related to mismatched assumptions in the interaction between the software, the hardware, and the physical system [Feiler 2009]. Studies of this problem have recommended a paradigm shift toward an architecture-centric, model-based practice of end-to-end assurance evidence through predictive analysis and formal verification to complement testing [NRC 2007]. A Solution: SAE Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL) In the 1990s, DARPA-funded research in software architecture fostered the creation of a number of architecture description languages (ADLs), one of them being MetaH, which was specifically designed at the Honeywell Technology Center for embedded software systems and which supported RMA [Vestal 1993]. Its successful use on a missile guidance system at the U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research Development and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) Software Engineering Directorate (SED) and several other pilot projects led AMRDEC SED, in 1999, to kick off and chair a standardization effort through the SAE AS-2C Architecture Description Language Committee in the Avionics Systems Division of SAE International. Under the technical leadership of the SEI, the AADL standard was approved by 23 voting member organizations and published in November 2004; it was revised in January 2009 based on feedback from the user community [SAE AADL 2009]. In June 2006, a set of Annex standards was published to support various forms of hazard, reliability, and fault-impact analysis. The Annex included the AADL Meta model and XMI interchange format, and the error model extension to AADL. In January 2011, a second set of Annex standards was published, consisting of a Behavior Annex, a Data Modeling Annex, and an ARINC653. With the release of the standard, the SEI provided an Eclipse-based open source implementation of a tool environment for AADL called OSATE to encourage pilot projects. SAE AADL was specifically designed to support modeling and analysis of large-scale embedded software system architectures in terms of an application runtime architecture bound to a computer platform architecture and interacting with a physical system in which it is embedded. The architecture is expressed through concepts with well-defined semantics, such as periodic and aperiodic tasks with sampled and queued communication operating as a partitioned system on synchronous CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 54 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
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A Technical History of the SEI Larr
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Table of Contents Foreword Preface
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The Consequence: Undergraduate Soft
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References 131 Expanding the CMMI P
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The Challenge: Configuration Suppor
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References 275 Operational Support
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Foreword Angel Jordan University Pr
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to the SEI on a part-time basis as
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Blaise Durante Deputy Assistant Sec
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synergy between the TRA team’s ob
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Preface This report chronicles the
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Abstract This report chronicles the
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1 Introduction CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
Page 27 and 28: Introduction In December 1984, the
Page 29 and 30: promulgate use of modern techniques
Page 31 and 32: Interpreting the Charter In creatin
Page 33 and 34: of Defense and flag officers from t
Page 35 and 36: (CRADA) funding is available to exp
Page 37 and 38: Another effective mechanism has bee
Page 39 and 40: 2 Real-Time Embedded Systems Engine
Page 41: Figure 3: Real-Time Embedded System
Page 44 and 45: Introduction to Real-Time Embedded
Page 46 and 47: in those developments. The SEI was,
Page 48 and 49: general-purpose techniques but with
Page 50 and 51: Summary DoD systems have traditiona
Page 52 and 53: Ada/Real-Time Embedded Systems Test
Page 54 and 55: enchmark. Results of testbed experi
Page 56 and 57: Distributed Ada Real-Time Kernel Th
Page 58 and 59: Ada Adoption Handbook The Challenge
Page 60 and 61: [Hefley 1992] Hefley, William; Fore
Page 62 and 63: processor utilization. The sample a
Page 64 and 65: References [AFSAB 1988] Air Force S
Page 66 and 67: also known as using simplicity to c
Page 68 and 69: Software for Heterogeneous Machines
Page 70 and 71: [Barbacci 1986b] Barbacci, Mario &
Page 72 and 73: The increase in processing capacity
Page 74 and 75: [Lakshmanan 2011] Lakshmanan, Karth
Page 76 and 77: analysis as well as model tuning fo
Page 80 and 81: or asynchronous networked computer
Page 82 and 83: 3 Education and Training CMU/SEI-20
Page 84: Figure 4: Education and Training Ti
Page 87 and 88: making materials available to allow
Page 89 and 90: course offering, while at other uni
Page 91 and 92: [DoD 1984] Statement of Work for Im
Page 93 and 94: The curriculum guidelines also sugg
Page 95 and 96: Undergraduate Software Engineering
Page 97 and 98: SEI adapted the Personal Software P
Page 99 and 100: Software Assurance Curriculum for C
Page 101 and 102: how they relate to business needs.
Page 103 and 104: Survivability and Information Assur
Page 105 and 106: The SEI curriculum and others’ co
Page 107 and 108: The CSEE conference series also bro
Page 109 and 110: CMU Master of Software Engineering
Page 111 and 112: Executive Education Program The Cha
Page 113 and 114: Professional Training The Challenge
Page 115 and 116: Education and Training Delivery Pla
Page 117 and 118: [Ardis 2005] Ardis, Mark. “An Inc
Page 119 and 120: practical for keeping content curre
Page 121 and 122: [Johnson 2012] Johnson, Col. Rivers
Page 123 and 124: 4 Management CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
Page 125: Figure 5: Management Timeline CMU/S
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Introduction to Management When the
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neering CMM [SEI 1995] to describe
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under SEI stewardship in 2009. Deve
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References [Averill 1993] Averill,
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[SEI 1995] A Systems Engineering Ca
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The SEI developed a more explicit m
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[Humphrey 1988] Humphrey, Watts; Sw
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opinion leaders and senior managers
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[Hayes 1995] Hayes, William & Zubro
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move from maturity level to maturit
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The People Capability Maturity Mode
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The SEI Contribution As is the case
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and security process improvement. T
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[Caralli 2004] Caralli, Richard. Ma
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4.6.2.1 CMMI Constellations For CMM
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ity and widespread use of the CMMI
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Expanding the CMMI Product Suite to
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key leaders within that organizatio
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The Smart Grid The Challenge: The N
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ecoming more widespread. As utiliti
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Continuous Risk Management training
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[Alberts 2009] Alberts, Christopher
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The principal motivator for the dev
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References [Carleton 2010] Carleton
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Measurement and Analysis The Challe
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Carnegie Mellon University, 2002. h
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activities. The final set of activi
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[Rombach 1989] Rombach, H. Dieter &
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5 Security CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SO
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Figure 6: Security Timeline CMU/SEI
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Introduction to Security In the ear
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The CERT/CC helps guard against dev
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The SEI concern about risks posed t
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Teams (FIRST), which was formed in
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[Killcrece 2008] Killcrece, Georgia
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The CERT/CC built on its vast colle
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Malicious Code Analysis The Challen
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have put advanced tools in the hand
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Secure Coding The Challenge: Preven
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end, the SEI has developed training
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Network Situational Awareness The C
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In 2007, the Comprehensive National
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study. In 2011, the DoD began fundi
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[CSO 2004] CSO Magazine, in coopera
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People who work in small organizati
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[Violino 2010] Violino, Bob. “IT
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Since its initial development in 20
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References [Alberts 2005] Alberts,
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6 Software Engineering Methods CMU/
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Introduction to Software Engineerin
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were delivered to Army and Air Forc
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Configuration Management The Challe
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The SEI Contribution The SEI recogn
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CASE Environments The Challenge: Ma
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The SEI Contribution The CASE work
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Software Technology Reference Guide
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Reengineering The Challenge: Legacy
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[Bergey 1999] Bergey, John; Smith,
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2. Influence is more important than
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[Brownsword 2004] Brownsword, Lisa;
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Developing Systems with Commercial
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The SEI Contribution When the SEI s
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[Tyson 2003] Tyson, Barbara; Albert
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system is safe); (2) evidence suppo
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7 Architecture CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
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1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
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Introduction to Software Architectu
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cation description language, in the
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AFSC/ESD conducted a source selecti
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[Brown 1995] Brown, Alan; Carney, D
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Structural Modeling The Challenge:
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The SEI Contribution As a result of
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Federal Aviation Administration Stu
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evolving understanding of software
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The basic features of Serpent were
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Software Architecture Analysis Meth
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A survey of software architecture e
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Quality Attributes The Challenge: M
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[Barbacci 1995] Barbacci, Mario; Kl
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The Consequence: Effective Evaluati
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[Gallagher 2000] Gallagher, Brian.
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design with some variation built in
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Software Product Lines The Challeng
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A software product line curriculum.
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8 Forensics CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | S
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Figure 8: Forensics Timeline CMU/SE
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Introduction to Computer Forensics:
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ultimate contribution of SEI digita
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The SEI’s experience with cases s
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Digital Intelligence and Investigat
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that not only apply to the specific
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9 The Future of Software Engineerin
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A Vision of the Future of Software
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In each case, impact is achieved th
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e-estimation as a means to assess p
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and complexity of these systems are
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10 Conclusion CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Highlighting 30 Years of Contributi
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developed network situational aware
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Direct Support to Government System
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In the course of these reviews, the
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Appendix Authors Contributing to th
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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A Technical History of the SEI

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