A Technical History of the SEI

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Each year, the SEI proposes a work plan based on its rolling five-year technical strategy. Ideas for work projects may come from within the SEI, from practicing engineers in the defense industry, from colleagues in the research community, or from government employees. Ideas often arise while SEI staff are engaged in direct support to specific programs. When the SEI perceives that the problems experienced by a program are representative of a class of problems, or predictive of a class of future problems, the SEI experts seek not only to help the specific program but also to develop solutions that can be broadened and replicated. Regardless of the source, the SEI measures all new ideas against its vision and evolving strategy and proposes work only when it has the appropriate expertise to carry out the work. The SEI consistently and constantly recruits leaders in new and focused technical areas to ensure that its results will be the best the technology will support. The SEI also recognizes that software engineering requires both expertise in software-related technologies and familiarity with the relevant applications domain. While the SEI staff naturally reflects experience with a broad range of applications, the SEI has consciously chosen not to focus on specific application domains, such as avionics, fire control, or command and control, which would increase the size of SEI staff unnecessarily. Rather, the SEI partners with relevant defense industry and government organizations who have a deep understanding of specific applications. The SEI’s focus on strategy-driven work selection continues. One reason for the consistent impact on the community is that the SEI has articulated a consistent vision that brings credibility over time. The section titled “The Future of Software Engineering” lays out the SEI strategy based on technology trends and defense needs in the foreseeable future. This strategy will guide future work selection. Mechanisms for Engaging the Community The goal of preparing technology before the DoD experiences the need requires the SEI to develop a deep understanding of DoD systems, culture, acquisition processes, and capabilities. The SEI recognized that such understanding could only be acquired by working on real problems and real systems, but the challenge was to do so without competing with the defense industry. The SEI, therefore, embarked on a partnership approach with industry and DoD program offices. DoD programs sponsored SEI staff to assist prime contractors in applying evolving technology to systems under development. A second mechanism the SEI has employed to ensure that its work is relevant to the DoD is the resident affiliate program. Software professionals from industry and the DoD are invited to spend up to 18 months at the SEI to work on specific projects. The benefit to the resident affiliate is that he or she participates in the development of the technology and takes that knowledge to his or her home organization. The resident affiliate also helps the SEI project remain grounded on real problems, often even bringing such problems to the project. As of August 2014, 292 government and industry resident affiliates have lent their expertise to the SEI. The SEI adopted a similar mechanism to access specialized research talent for its efforts by employing visiting scientists on either a full-time or part-time basis. These visiting scientists brought an understanding of evolving technology to complement the SEI internal research activities. About 306 visiting scientists have engaged in SEI work as of August 2014. CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 12 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
Another effective mechanism has been the use of structured workshops. SEI staff often invite leading members of the software engineering community to attend workshops in which evolving technology or problem areas are submitted to intense investigation and debate. All participants benefit from the interaction and are free to take advantage of their newly gained perspective in their own work, while the SEI uses the combined perspective to shape its work. The SEI has undergone significant change in its first three decades and expects to undergo further changes in the future as the technology changes and the needs of the DoD change. Despite these changes, several characteristics have—and are expected to—remain constant: leadership, innovation, quality, the focus on engineering for software-intensive systems, and impact on its principal sponsor, the DoD. Each reader is invited to make his or her own judgment about the relative importance and impact of the SEI on DoD systems and on the software engineering community. Much of the early work will appear dated, overcome by later developments, even mundane by today’s standards. Of course, the work must be evaluated in the context of its time. In many cases, the contributions were leadership contributions, many now transitioned to the state of the practice. Thus, while the SEI may not have been the first into an area, it often entered an area that was new—in many cases, an area in which the terms were undefined. The SEI sees its responsibility to collaborate with the software engineering community to help bring some order and direction to the area and to the field. Through these efforts, the SEI has earned a reputation of leadership that encourages collaboration and invites participation by the best software engineers of the day. References [Barbacci 1985] Barbacci, M. R.; Habermann, A. N.; & Shaw, M. “The Software Engineering Institute: Bridging Practice and Potential.” IEEE Software 2, 6 (November 1985): 4-21 (ISSN: 0740-7459). [Carlson 1980] Carlson, M; Druffel, L.; Fisher, D.; & Whitaker, W. “Introducing Ada,” 263-271. ACM ’80: Proceedings of the ACM 1980 Annual Conference. Nashville, TN, October 1980. ACM, 1980. [DoD 1982] Department of Defense. Report of the DoD Joint Task Force on Software Problems (Stock No. ADA123449). National Technical Information Service, 1982. www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA123449 [DoD 1983] Department of Defense. Software Technology for Adaptable Reliable Systems (STARS) Program Strategy (Stock No. ADA128981). National Technical Information Service, 1983. www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a128918.pdf [DoD 1994] Department of Defense. Blue Ribbon Comprehensive Review of the Software Engineering Institute, Prepared for the Advanced Research Projects Agency. DoD, 1994. Not publicly available. [DoD 2010] Department of Defense. “Annex A: CMU’s SEI FFRDC Core Statement.” DoD Sponsoring Agreement for the SEI. DoD, 2010. Not publicly available. CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 13 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
Page 1 and 2: A Technical History of the SEI Larr
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents Foreword Preface
Page 5 and 6: The Consequence: Undergraduate Soft
Page 7 and 8: References 131 Expanding the CMMI P
Page 9 and 10: The Challenge: Configuration Suppor
Page 11 and 12: References 275 Operational Support
Page 13 and 14: Foreword Angel Jordan University Pr
Page 15 and 16: to the SEI on a part-time basis as
Page 17 and 18: Blaise Durante Deputy Assistant Sec
Page 19 and 20: synergy between the TRA team’s ob
Page 21 and 22: Preface This report chronicles the
Page 23 and 24: Abstract This report chronicles the
Page 25 and 26: 1 Introduction CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
Page 27 and 28: Introduction In December 1984, the
Page 29 and 30: promulgate use of modern techniques
Page 31 and 32: Interpreting the Charter In creatin
Page 33 and 34: of Defense and flag officers from t
Page 35: (CRADA) funding is available to exp
Page 39 and 40: 2 Real-Time Embedded Systems Engine
Page 41: Figure 3: Real-Time Embedded System
Page 44 and 45: Introduction to Real-Time Embedded
Page 46 and 47: in those developments. The SEI was,
Page 48 and 49: general-purpose techniques but with
Page 50 and 51: Summary DoD systems have traditiona
Page 52 and 53: Ada/Real-Time Embedded Systems Test
Page 54 and 55: enchmark. Results of testbed experi
Page 56 and 57: Distributed Ada Real-Time Kernel Th
Page 58 and 59: Ada Adoption Handbook The Challenge
Page 60 and 61: [Hefley 1992] Hefley, William; Fore
Page 62 and 63: processor utilization. The sample a
Page 64 and 65: References [AFSAB 1988] Air Force S
Page 66 and 67: also known as using simplicity to c
Page 68 and 69: Software for Heterogeneous Machines
Page 70 and 71: [Barbacci 1986b] Barbacci, Mario &
Page 72 and 73: The increase in processing capacity
Page 74 and 75: [Lakshmanan 2011] Lakshmanan, Karth
Page 76 and 77: analysis as well as model tuning fo
Page 78 and 79: References [Hansen 2004] Hansen, J.
Page 80 and 81: or asynchronous networked computer
Page 82 and 83: 3 Education and Training CMU/SEI-20
Page 84: Figure 4: Education and Training Ti
Page 87 and 88:
making materials available to allow
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course offering, while at other uni
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[DoD 1984] Statement of Work for Im
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The curriculum guidelines also sugg
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Undergraduate Software Engineering
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SEI adapted the Personal Software P
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Software Assurance Curriculum for C
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how they relate to business needs.
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Survivability and Information Assur
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The SEI curriculum and others’ co
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The CSEE conference series also bro
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CMU Master of Software Engineering
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Executive Education Program The Cha
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Professional Training The Challenge
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Education and Training Delivery Pla
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[Ardis 2005] Ardis, Mark. “An Inc
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practical for keeping content curre
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[Johnson 2012] Johnson, Col. Rivers
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4 Management CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Figure 5: Management Timeline CMU/S
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Introduction to Management When the
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neering CMM [SEI 1995] to describe
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under SEI stewardship in 2009. Deve
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References [Averill 1993] Averill,
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[SEI 1995] A Systems Engineering Ca
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The SEI developed a more explicit m
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[Humphrey 1988] Humphrey, Watts; Sw
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opinion leaders and senior managers
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[Hayes 1995] Hayes, William & Zubro
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move from maturity level to maturit
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The People Capability Maturity Mode
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The SEI Contribution As is the case
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and security process improvement. T
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[Caralli 2004] Caralli, Richard. Ma
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4.6.2.1 CMMI Constellations For CMM
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ity and widespread use of the CMMI
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Expanding the CMMI Product Suite to
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key leaders within that organizatio
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The Smart Grid The Challenge: The N
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ecoming more widespread. As utiliti
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Continuous Risk Management training
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[Alberts 2009] Alberts, Christopher
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The principal motivator for the dev
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References [Carleton 2010] Carleton
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Measurement and Analysis The Challe
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Carnegie Mellon University, 2002. h
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activities. The final set of activi
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[Rombach 1989] Rombach, H. Dieter &
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5 Security CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SO
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Figure 6: Security Timeline CMU/SEI
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Introduction to Security In the ear
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The CERT/CC helps guard against dev
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The SEI concern about risks posed t
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Teams (FIRST), which was formed in
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[Killcrece 2008] Killcrece, Georgia
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The CERT/CC built on its vast colle
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Malicious Code Analysis The Challen
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have put advanced tools in the hand
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Secure Coding The Challenge: Preven
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end, the SEI has developed training
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Network Situational Awareness The C
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In 2007, the Comprehensive National
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study. In 2011, the DoD began fundi
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[CSO 2004] CSO Magazine, in coopera
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People who work in small organizati
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[Violino 2010] Violino, Bob. “IT
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Since its initial development in 20
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References [Alberts 2005] Alberts,
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6 Software Engineering Methods CMU/
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Introduction to Software Engineerin
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were delivered to Army and Air Forc
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Configuration Management The Challe
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The SEI Contribution The SEI recogn
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CASE Environments The Challenge: Ma
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The SEI Contribution The CASE work
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Software Technology Reference Guide
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Reengineering The Challenge: Legacy
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[Bergey 1999] Bergey, John; Smith,
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2. Influence is more important than
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[Brownsword 2004] Brownsword, Lisa;
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Developing Systems with Commercial
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The SEI Contribution When the SEI s
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[Tyson 2003] Tyson, Barbara; Albert
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system is safe); (2) evidence suppo
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7 Architecture CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
Page 259:
1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
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Introduction to Software Architectu
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cation description language, in the
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AFSC/ESD conducted a source selecti
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[Brown 1995] Brown, Alan; Carney, D
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Structural Modeling The Challenge:
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The SEI Contribution As a result of
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Federal Aviation Administration Stu
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evolving understanding of software
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The basic features of Serpent were
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Software Architecture Analysis Meth
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A survey of software architecture e
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Quality Attributes The Challenge: M
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[Barbacci 1995] Barbacci, Mario; Kl
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The Consequence: Effective Evaluati
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[Gallagher 2000] Gallagher, Brian.
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design with some variation built in
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Software Product Lines The Challeng
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A software product line curriculum.
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8 Forensics CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | S
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Figure 8: Forensics Timeline CMU/SE
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Introduction to Computer Forensics:
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ultimate contribution of SEI digita
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The SEI’s experience with cases s
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Digital Intelligence and Investigat
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that not only apply to the specific
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9 The Future of Software Engineerin
Page 315 and 316:
A Vision of the Future of Software
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In each case, impact is achieved th
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e-estimation as a means to assess p
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and complexity of these systems are
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10 Conclusion CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
Page 325 and 326:
Highlighting 30 Years of Contributi
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developed network situational aware
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Direct Support to Government System
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In the course of these reviews, the
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Appendix Authors Contributing to th
Page 335:
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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A Technical History of the SEI

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