A Technical History of the SEI

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which SEI insider threat experts use to collect data that organizations can use as a benchmark. As a supplement to the face-to-face workshops already in place, insider threat experts developed exercises for STEPfwd, an SEI web-based platform that enables participants in multiple locations to work together on simulations of the latest threats. Both government and private industry have taken advantage of the ITAs and the online exercises. In 2009, the SEI set up the CERT Insider Threat Lab, where its technologists could test existing technical solutions for the insider threat problem and identify new or refined solutions in gap areas. For example, research is underway on methods that help cloud service providers deal with insider threats [Porter 2013]. The lab is developing new technical controls for government and industry and making the controls available online. 44 The Consequence: Improved Insider Threat Detection and Response Using SEI results, information assurance staff and counterintelligence analysts have implemented technical controls for catching insiders. The DoD and federal civilian agencies can now identify insider threat proactively using SEI techniques and tools instead turning to forensics after the crime. In case of an attack, organizations are armed with policies, practices, and technical measures to help with recovering from the attack, identifying the perpetrator, and implementing new measures for improved incident management in the future. The SEI Contribution Law enforcement had long been profiling miscreants in general but did not focus on insider threat to computer systems and the information that resides on them. Similarly, network security experts focused on protecting against the technical attacks from outside the perimeter rather than attacks from inside. The SEI contribution was to examine cyber attacks by insiders from both technical and behavioral perspectives and to use real-life cases in this research. The ultimate goal of SEI insider threat research is to help all organizations, including the DoD, federal agencies, and critical sector industries, prevent insider attacks and, if there is such an attack, to provide these organizations with the tools, techniques, and methods that enable them to detect and respond to the illicit activity early, thus minimizing the impact to critical assets. This goal is well on its way to realization. References [Cappelli 2012] Cappelli, Dawn; Moore, Andrew P.; & Trzeciak, Randy. The CERT Guide to Insider Threat: How to Prevent, Detect, and Respond to Information Technology Crime. Addison Wesley Professional, February 2012 (ISBN 0321812573). [CERT IT Team 2013] Unintentional Insider Threats: A Foundational Study (CMU/SEI-2013- TN-022). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2013. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?AssetID=58744 [Chabrow 2011] Chabrow, Eric. “Obama Reiterates Cybersec as a Priority.” The Public Eye. December 1, 2011. http://www.inforisktoday.com/blogs/public-eye-b-13/p-21 44 See http://www.cert.org/insider-threat/research/controls-and-indicators.cfm CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 186 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited.
[CSO 2004] CSO Magazine, in cooperation with the U.S. Secret Service and CERT Coordination Center. 2004 E-Crime Watch Survey: Summary of Findings, 2004. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?assetID=53389 [Flynn 2013] Flynn, Lori; Huth, Carly; Trzeciak, Randall; & Buttles-Valdez, Palma. Best Practices Against Insider Threats in All Nations (CMU/SEI-2013-TN-023). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2013. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/assetview.cfm?AssetID=59082 [Gerber 2009] Gerber, Lauren.” Insider Threat Workshop To Be Held By Cert This May!” PC1news.com. March 24, 2009. http://www.pc1news.com/news/556/cert-comes-to-the-rescue.html [Greene 2010] Greene, Tim. “Fight Insider Threat with Tools You Already Have,” Network World (September 27, 2010). http://www.networkworld.com/Home/tgreene.html [Gupta 2008] Gupta, Upasana. “Tackling the Insider Threat,” Bank Info Security. November 6, 2008. http://www.bankinfosecurity.com/articles.php?art_id=1042 [Kaplan 2011] Dan Kaplan. “Internal Review,” SC Magazine 22, 2 (February 2011): 22-26. http://media.scmagazine.com/documents/91/scc_0211v2_22553.pdf [Moore 2008] Moore, Andrew; Cappelli, Dawn; & Trzeciak, Randall. The “Big Picture” of Insider IT Sabotage Across U.S. Critical Infrastructures (CMU/SEI-2008-TR-009). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2008. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/assetview.cfm?AssetID=8703 [Porter 2013] Porter, Greg. Cloud Service Provider Methods for Managing Insider Threats: Analysis Phase I (CMU/SEI-2013-TN-020). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2013. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?AssetID=69709 [SEI 2011] Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University. Weekly Headlines. 2011. https://mahara.org/artefact/file/download.php?file=177333&view=51792 [SEI 2013] Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University. United States Secret Service Honors CERT Insider Threat Team Members. 2013. http://www.sei.cmu.edu/news/article.cfm?assetid=53981&article=114&year=2013 [Silowash 2012] Silowash, George; Cappelli, Dawn; Moore, Andrew; Trzeciak, Randall; Shimeall, Timothy; & Flynn, Lori. Common Sense Guide to Mitigating Insider Threats, Fourth Edition (CMU/SEI-2012-TR-012). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2012. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?AssetID=34017 [Trembly 2011] Trembly, Ara C. “We Have Seen the Enemy, and He Works for Us.” Information Management Online. February 16, 2011. http://www.information-management.com/news/data_security_information_management_GRC-10019745-1.html (2011). CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 187 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited.
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A Technical History of the SEI Larr
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Table of Contents Foreword Preface
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The Consequence: Undergraduate Soft
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References 131 Expanding the CMMI P
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The Challenge: Configuration Suppor
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References 275 Operational Support
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Foreword Angel Jordan University Pr
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to the SEI on a part-time basis as
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Blaise Durante Deputy Assistant Sec
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synergy between the TRA team’s ob
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Preface This report chronicles the
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Abstract This report chronicles the
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1 Introduction CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
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Introduction In December 1984, the
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promulgate use of modern techniques
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Interpreting the Charter In creatin
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of Defense and flag officers from t
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(CRADA) funding is available to exp
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Another effective mechanism has bee
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2 Real-Time Embedded Systems Engine
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Figure 3: Real-Time Embedded System
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Introduction to Real-Time Embedded
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in those developments. The SEI was,
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general-purpose techniques but with
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Summary DoD systems have traditiona
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Ada/Real-Time Embedded Systems Test
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enchmark. Results of testbed experi
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Distributed Ada Real-Time Kernel Th
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Ada Adoption Handbook The Challenge
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[Hefley 1992] Hefley, William; Fore
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processor utilization. The sample a
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References [AFSAB 1988] Air Force S
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also known as using simplicity to c
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Software for Heterogeneous Machines
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[Barbacci 1986b] Barbacci, Mario &
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The increase in processing capacity
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[Lakshmanan 2011] Lakshmanan, Karth
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analysis as well as model tuning fo
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References [Hansen 2004] Hansen, J.
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or asynchronous networked computer
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3 Education and Training CMU/SEI-20
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Figure 4: Education and Training Ti
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making materials available to allow
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course offering, while at other uni
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[DoD 1984] Statement of Work for Im
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The curriculum guidelines also sugg
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Undergraduate Software Engineering
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SEI adapted the Personal Software P
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Software Assurance Curriculum for C
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how they relate to business needs.
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Survivability and Information Assur
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The SEI curriculum and others’ co
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The CSEE conference series also bro
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CMU Master of Software Engineering
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Executive Education Program The Cha
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Professional Training The Challenge
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Education and Training Delivery Pla
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[Ardis 2005] Ardis, Mark. “An Inc
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practical for keeping content curre
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[Johnson 2012] Johnson, Col. Rivers
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4 Management CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Figure 5: Management Timeline CMU/S
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Introduction to Management When the
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neering CMM [SEI 1995] to describe
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under SEI stewardship in 2009. Deve
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References [Averill 1993] Averill,
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[SEI 1995] A Systems Engineering Ca
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The SEI developed a more explicit m
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[Humphrey 1988] Humphrey, Watts; Sw
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opinion leaders and senior managers
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[Hayes 1995] Hayes, William & Zubro
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move from maturity level to maturit
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The People Capability Maturity Mode
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The SEI Contribution As is the case
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and security process improvement. T
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[Caralli 2004] Caralli, Richard. Ma
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4.6.2.1 CMMI Constellations For CMM
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ity and widespread use of the CMMI
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Expanding the CMMI Product Suite to
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key leaders within that organizatio
Page 164 and 165: The Smart Grid The Challenge: The N
Page 166 and 167: ecoming more widespread. As utiliti
Page 168 and 169: Continuous Risk Management training
Page 170 and 171: [Alberts 2009] Alberts, Christopher
Page 172 and 173: The principal motivator for the dev
Page 174 and 175: References [Carleton 2010] Carleton
Page 176 and 177: Measurement and Analysis The Challe
Page 178 and 179: Carnegie Mellon University, 2002. h
Page 180 and 181: activities. The final set of activi
Page 182 and 183: [Rombach 1989] Rombach, H. Dieter &
Page 184 and 185: 5 Security CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SO
Page 186: Figure 6: Security Timeline CMU/SEI
Page 189 and 190: Introduction to Security In the ear
Page 191 and 192: The CERT/CC helps guard against dev
Page 193 and 194: The SEI concern about risks posed t
Page 195 and 196: Teams (FIRST), which was formed in
Page 197 and 198: [Killcrece 2008] Killcrece, Georgia
Page 199 and 200: The CERT/CC built on its vast colle
Page 201 and 202: Malicious Code Analysis The Challen
Page 203 and 204: have put advanced tools in the hand
Page 205 and 206: Secure Coding The Challenge: Preven
Page 207 and 208: end, the SEI has developed training
Page 209 and 210: Network Situational Awareness The C
Page 211 and 212: In 2007, the Comprehensive National
Page 213: study. In 2011, the DoD began fundi
Page 217 and 218: People who work in small organizati
Page 219 and 220: [Violino 2010] Violino, Bob. “IT
Page 221 and 222: Since its initial development in 20
Page 223 and 224: References [Alberts 2005] Alberts,
Page 225 and 226: 6 Software Engineering Methods CMU/
Page 227 and 228: Introduction to Software Engineerin
Page 229 and 230: were delivered to Army and Air Forc
Page 231 and 232: Configuration Management The Challe
Page 233 and 234: The SEI Contribution The SEI recogn
Page 235 and 236: CASE Environments The Challenge: Ma
Page 237 and 238: The SEI Contribution The CASE work
Page 239 and 240: Software Technology Reference Guide
Page 241 and 242: Reengineering The Challenge: Legacy
Page 243 and 244: [Bergey 1999] Bergey, John; Smith,
Page 245 and 246: 2. Influence is more important than
Page 247 and 248: [Brownsword 2004] Brownsword, Lisa;
Page 249 and 250: Developing Systems with Commercial
Page 251 and 252: The SEI Contribution When the SEI s
Page 253 and 254: [Tyson 2003] Tyson, Barbara; Albert
Page 255 and 256: system is safe); (2) evidence suppo
Page 257 and 258: 7 Architecture CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
Page 259: 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
Page 262 and 263: Introduction to Software Architectu
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cation description language, in the
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AFSC/ESD conducted a source selecti
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[Brown 1995] Brown, Alan; Carney, D
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Structural Modeling The Challenge:
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The SEI Contribution As a result of
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Federal Aviation Administration Stu
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evolving understanding of software
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The basic features of Serpent were
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Software Architecture Analysis Meth
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A survey of software architecture e
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Quality Attributes The Challenge: M
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[Barbacci 1995] Barbacci, Mario; Kl
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The Consequence: Effective Evaluati
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[Gallagher 2000] Gallagher, Brian.
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design with some variation built in
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Software Product Lines The Challeng
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A software product line curriculum.
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8 Forensics CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | S
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Figure 8: Forensics Timeline CMU/SE
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Introduction to Computer Forensics:
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ultimate contribution of SEI digita
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The SEI’s experience with cases s
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Digital Intelligence and Investigat
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that not only apply to the specific
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9 The Future of Software Engineerin
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A Vision of the Future of Software
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In each case, impact is achieved th
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e-estimation as a means to assess p
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and complexity of these systems are
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10 Conclusion CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Highlighting 30 Years of Contributi
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developed network situational aware
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Direct Support to Government System
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In the course of these reviews, the
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Appendix Authors Contributing to th
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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