A Technical History of the SEI

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[Alberts 2009] Alberts, Christopher & Dorofee, Audrey. A Framework for Categorizing Key Drivers of Risk (CMU/SEI-2009-TR-007). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2009. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?AssetID=9093 [Alberts 2012] Alberts, Christopher & Dorofee, Audrey. Mission Risk Diagnostic (MRD) Method Description (CMU/SEI-2012-TN-005). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2012. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?AssetID=10075 [Carr 1993] Carr, Marvin; Konda, Suresh; Monarch, Ira; Walker, Clay; & Ulrich, Carol. Taxonomy-Based Risk Identification (CMU/SEI-93-TR-006). Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 1993. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?AssetID=11847 [Dick 1991] Dick, David R., Col. USAF. “Slaying the Software Dragon” (Memo 91-02423). Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association, June 1, 1991. [Dorofee 1996] Dorofee, Audrey; Walker, Julie; Alberts, Christopher; Higuera, Ronald; Murphy, Richard; & Williams, Ray. Continuous Risk Management Guidebook. Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 1996. http://resources.sei.cmu.edu/library/asset-view.cfm?assetID=30856 CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 143 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited.
Personal Software Process and Team Software Process The Challenge: Improving Software Quality During Development As the use of computers and the development of software grew in the 1960s and 1970s, it was accompanied by growing pains: many projects failed to deliver quality products within a predictable time or budget and project failure was common [Humphrey 1989]. In response to a request from the Department of Defense, the SEI led the development of the Capability Maturity Model (CMM), which captured organizational best practices for software development [Paulk 1993]. Maturity relates to the degree of formality and optimization of processes, from ad hoc practices, to formally defined steps, to managed result metrics, to active optimization of the processes. When the model was applied to an existing organization’s software development processes, it provided an effective approach toward improving them. Although the CMM began to see widespread adoption, some problems remained. An early misperception of the CMM was that it did not apply to small organizations or projects. Another issue was that the CMM told people what to do, it did not help them understand how, and software development practice was nearer a craft than an engineering discipline. Most finished software products could be made to work, but only after extensive testing and repair. And as software programs grew larger and larger, the difficulty of finding and fixing problems also began to increase exponentially. A Solution: Personal Software Process and Team Software Process Because he believed software quality starts with the individual engineer, an SEI Fellow decided to apply the underlying principles of the CMM to the software development practices of a single developer. From 1989 to 1993, he wrote more than 60 programs and more than 25,000 lines of code using CMM practices and concluded that the management principles embodied in the CMM were just as applicable to individual software engineers. The resulting process was the Personal Software Process (PSP) [Humphrey 1994]. The PSP is a structured software development process that helps software engineers understand and improve their performance by using a disciplined, data-driven procedure. It includes effective defect management techniques and comprehensive planning, tracking, and analysis methods. PSP training follows an evolutionary improvement approach: engineers learning to integrate the PSP into their processes beginning at the first level and progressing in process maturity to the final level. Each level has detailed scripts, checklists, and templates to guide engineers through required steps that help individual engineers improve their own personal software process. Properly used, the PSP provides the historical data engineers need to better make and meet commitments. It soon became obvious that, while excellent results were possible using the PSP, it was almost impossible to maintain the discipline required for PSP practices if the surrounding environment did not encourage and demand them. Systems development is a team activity, and the effectiveness of the team largely determines the quality of the engineering. A process for the smallest operational unit in most organizations, the project team, called Team Software Process (TSP) was designed in 1996 [Humphrey 2000]. CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INSTITUTE | CARNEGIE MELLON UNIVERSITY 144 Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited.
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A Technical History of the SEI Larr
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Table of Contents Foreword Preface
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The Consequence: Undergraduate Soft
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References 131 Expanding the CMMI P
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The Challenge: Configuration Suppor
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References 275 Operational Support
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Foreword Angel Jordan University Pr
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to the SEI on a part-time basis as
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Blaise Durante Deputy Assistant Sec
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synergy between the TRA team’s ob
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Preface This report chronicles the
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Abstract This report chronicles the
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1 Introduction CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
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Introduction In December 1984, the
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promulgate use of modern techniques
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Interpreting the Charter In creatin
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of Defense and flag officers from t
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(CRADA) funding is available to exp
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Another effective mechanism has bee
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2 Real-Time Embedded Systems Engine
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Figure 3: Real-Time Embedded System
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Introduction to Real-Time Embedded
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in those developments. The SEI was,
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general-purpose techniques but with
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Summary DoD systems have traditiona
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Ada/Real-Time Embedded Systems Test
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enchmark. Results of testbed experi
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Distributed Ada Real-Time Kernel Th
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Ada Adoption Handbook The Challenge
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[Hefley 1992] Hefley, William; Fore
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processor utilization. The sample a
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References [AFSAB 1988] Air Force S
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also known as using simplicity to c
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Software for Heterogeneous Machines
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[Barbacci 1986b] Barbacci, Mario &
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The increase in processing capacity
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[Lakshmanan 2011] Lakshmanan, Karth
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analysis as well as model tuning fo
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References [Hansen 2004] Hansen, J.
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or asynchronous networked computer
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3 Education and Training CMU/SEI-20
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Figure 4: Education and Training Ti
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making materials available to allow
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course offering, while at other uni
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[DoD 1984] Statement of Work for Im
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The curriculum guidelines also sugg
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Undergraduate Software Engineering
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SEI adapted the Personal Software P
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Software Assurance Curriculum for C
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how they relate to business needs.
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Survivability and Information Assur
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The SEI curriculum and others’ co
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The CSEE conference series also bro
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CMU Master of Software Engineering
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Executive Education Program The Cha
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Professional Training The Challenge
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Education and Training Delivery Pla
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[Ardis 2005] Ardis, Mark. “An Inc
Page 119 and 120: practical for keeping content curre
Page 121 and 122: [Johnson 2012] Johnson, Col. Rivers
Page 123 and 124: 4 Management CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
Page 125: Figure 5: Management Timeline CMU/S
Page 128 and 129: Introduction to Management When the
Page 130 and 131: neering CMM [SEI 1995] to describe
Page 132 and 133: under SEI stewardship in 2009. Deve
Page 134 and 135: References [Averill 1993] Averill,
Page 136 and 137: [SEI 1995] A Systems Engineering Ca
Page 138 and 139: The SEI developed a more explicit m
Page 140 and 141: [Humphrey 1988] Humphrey, Watts; Sw
Page 142 and 143: opinion leaders and senior managers
Page 144 and 145: [Hayes 1995] Hayes, William & Zubro
Page 146 and 147: move from maturity level to maturit
Page 148 and 149: The People Capability Maturity Mode
Page 150 and 151: The SEI Contribution As is the case
Page 152 and 153: and security process improvement. T
Page 154 and 155: [Caralli 2004] Caralli, Richard. Ma
Page 156 and 157: 4.6.2.1 CMMI Constellations For CMM
Page 158 and 159: ity and widespread use of the CMMI
Page 160 and 161: Expanding the CMMI Product Suite to
Page 162 and 163: key leaders within that organizatio
Page 164 and 165: The Smart Grid The Challenge: The N
Page 166 and 167: ecoming more widespread. As utiliti
Page 168 and 169: Continuous Risk Management training
Page 172 and 173: The principal motivator for the dev
Page 174 and 175: References [Carleton 2010] Carleton
Page 176 and 177: Measurement and Analysis The Challe
Page 178 and 179: Carnegie Mellon University, 2002. h
Page 180 and 181: activities. The final set of activi
Page 182 and 183: [Rombach 1989] Rombach, H. Dieter &
Page 184 and 185: 5 Security CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | SO
Page 186: Figure 6: Security Timeline CMU/SEI
Page 189 and 190: Introduction to Security In the ear
Page 191 and 192: The CERT/CC helps guard against dev
Page 193 and 194: The SEI concern about risks posed t
Page 195 and 196: Teams (FIRST), which was formed in
Page 197 and 198: [Killcrece 2008] Killcrece, Georgia
Page 199 and 200: The CERT/CC built on its vast colle
Page 201 and 202: Malicious Code Analysis The Challen
Page 203 and 204: have put advanced tools in the hand
Page 205 and 206: Secure Coding The Challenge: Preven
Page 207 and 208: end, the SEI has developed training
Page 209 and 210: Network Situational Awareness The C
Page 211 and 212: In 2007, the Comprehensive National
Page 213 and 214: study. In 2011, the DoD began fundi
Page 215 and 216: [CSO 2004] CSO Magazine, in coopera
Page 217 and 218: People who work in small organizati
Page 219 and 220: [Violino 2010] Violino, Bob. “IT
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Since its initial development in 20
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References [Alberts 2005] Alberts,
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6 Software Engineering Methods CMU/
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Introduction to Software Engineerin
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were delivered to Army and Air Forc
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Configuration Management The Challe
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The SEI Contribution The SEI recogn
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CASE Environments The Challenge: Ma
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The SEI Contribution The CASE work
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Software Technology Reference Guide
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Reengineering The Challenge: Legacy
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[Bergey 1999] Bergey, John; Smith,
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2. Influence is more important than
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[Brownsword 2004] Brownsword, Lisa;
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Developing Systems with Commercial
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The SEI Contribution When the SEI s
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[Tyson 2003] Tyson, Barbara; Albert
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system is safe); (2) evidence suppo
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7 Architecture CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027
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1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
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Introduction to Software Architectu
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cation description language, in the
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AFSC/ESD conducted a source selecti
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[Brown 1995] Brown, Alan; Carney, D
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Structural Modeling The Challenge:
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The SEI Contribution As a result of
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Federal Aviation Administration Stu
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evolving understanding of software
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The basic features of Serpent were
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Software Architecture Analysis Meth
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A survey of software architecture e
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Quality Attributes The Challenge: M
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[Barbacci 1995] Barbacci, Mario; Kl
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The Consequence: Effective Evaluati
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[Gallagher 2000] Gallagher, Brian.
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design with some variation built in
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Software Product Lines The Challeng
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A software product line curriculum.
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8 Forensics CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 | S
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Figure 8: Forensics Timeline CMU/SE
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Introduction to Computer Forensics:
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ultimate contribution of SEI digita
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The SEI’s experience with cases s
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Digital Intelligence and Investigat
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that not only apply to the specific
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9 The Future of Software Engineerin
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A Vision of the Future of Software
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In each case, impact is achieved th
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e-estimation as a means to assess p
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and complexity of these systems are
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10 Conclusion CMU/SEI-2016-SR-027 |
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Highlighting 30 Years of Contributi
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developed network situational aware
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Direct Support to Government System
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In the course of these reviews, the
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Appendix Authors Contributing to th
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REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Appr
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A Technical History of the SEI

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