The Kyma Language for Sound Design, Version 4.5

Now double-click on the Sound to see how it is put together.
A GenericSource is fed into a FrequencyScale Sound and a FrequencyTracker. Look at the parameters of
the FrequencyScale. It takes the GenericSource and an estimate of the frequency of the GenericSource as
inputs. Then it scales the frequency of the GenericSource by
!Pitch hz / 4 d sharp hz
which is the ratio of the frequency as supplied from the MIDI keyboard to the original frequency of the
sample. Notice that both !Pitch and 4 d sharp are not frequencies but pitches, so they have to be converted
into units of frequency in hertz. The ratio between two MIDI note numbers is quite different from
the ratio of the two note numbers expressed in hertz; for example the ratio between 4 a and 3 a would be
69/57 (about 1.2) in note numbers but 440/220 (exactly 2) in hertz. You can convert between most
units of frequency or duration by typing the name of the desired units after the value in the original units.
In MaxScale, enter the largest frequency ratio required. In this case it is 8/1 or a maximum shift of 3
octaves up.
For Window, select a wavetable that can serve as a nice, smooth granular amplitude envelope. In this case
we have chosen Hann for a Hanning window. To see the shape of the grain envelope, hold down the
Control or Command key and click on the disk button to the right of the Window parameter field. Any
smooth up and down shape like this can be used as the Window, for example, you can try Gaussian, and
even LinearEnvelope out to hear how they might affect the sound.
How is Window function used? Take a look at the waveform of the trombone.
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