Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship - autonomous ...
Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship - autonomous ...
Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship - autonomous ...
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incidental people<br />
APG exist to create mutually benefi cial association between artists <strong>and</strong><br />
organisations in industry, commerce <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> public service. Their intention<br />
is not that <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> traditional relationship <strong>of</strong> patronage. Ra<strong>the</strong>r, <strong>the</strong>y<br />
seek to have an artist involved in <strong>the</strong> day- to- day work <strong>of</strong> an organisation.<br />
The latter may be expected to benefi t in a variety <strong>of</strong> ways. These<br />
may vary from contributions to <strong>the</strong> creation <strong>of</strong> some concrete object to<br />
new ideas about work methods . . . APG’s aim is an attempt to bridge<br />
<strong>the</strong> gap between artists <strong>and</strong> people at work so that each may gain from<br />
<strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r’s perspectives <strong>and</strong> approaches to an activity. 6<br />
Of course, <strong>the</strong> procedure was more complex than this summary indicates.<br />
The host was expected to pay around £2,000 to £3,000 per artist depending<br />
on <strong>the</strong>ir age <strong>and</strong> experience – a generous fee, even by today’s st<strong>and</strong>ards,<br />
especially when we consider that <strong>the</strong>re was no contractual commitment on<br />
<strong>the</strong> part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> artist to produce a work <strong>of</strong> art. The project would ideally<br />
proceed in three phases. Firstly, a feasibility study, which would last around<br />
a month: <strong>the</strong> company would pay a fee to APG, who would put forward <strong>the</strong><br />
names <strong>and</strong> CVs <strong>of</strong> three artists, who in turn would visit <strong>the</strong> organisation<br />
<strong>and</strong> report on <strong>the</strong> possibilities for <strong>the</strong>ir placement. Phase two comprised an<br />
agreement between APG <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> organisation regarding practical <strong>and</strong><br />
legal questions: <strong>the</strong> artist’s brief, <strong>the</strong> length <strong>of</strong> contract, <strong>the</strong> artist’s fee, <strong>the</strong><br />
amount <strong>of</strong> commission received by APG, <strong>the</strong> ownership <strong>of</strong> any works<br />
produced, <strong>and</strong> so on. The third phase was an exhibition, although this was<br />
not viewed as necessary or essential to <strong>the</strong> placement.<br />
APG’s status as an art historical object is <strong>the</strong>refore extremely complex,<br />
since it requires that we confront multiple authorships in specifi c contexts:<br />
fi rst, <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>oretical frame <strong>of</strong> Latham <strong>and</strong> Steveni; second, <strong>the</strong> practice <strong>and</strong><br />
inclinations <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> artists <strong>the</strong>y placed; <strong>and</strong> third, <strong>the</strong> character <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> businesses<br />
<strong>and</strong> organisations in which <strong>the</strong>se placements were held – each one a<br />
constellation <strong>of</strong> specifi c individuals more or less open to collaboration.<br />
By 1969 <strong>the</strong> fi rst placements were underway. Many <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> artists involved<br />
are well known within <strong>the</strong> British context <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 1960s <strong>and</strong> ’70s, but only a<br />
few have reputations with international reach today. The video artist David<br />
Hall was placed at British European Airways <strong>and</strong> Scottish Television; <strong>the</strong><br />
performance artist Stuart Brisley at <strong>the</strong> Hille Furniture Company; Lois<br />
Price at <strong>the</strong> Milton Keynes Development Corporation; John Latham at <strong>the</strong><br />
National Coal Board, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> hospital <strong>of</strong> Clare Hall, Cambridge; <strong>the</strong> sculptor<br />
Garth Evans at <strong>the</strong> British Steel Corporation. 7 Subsequent placements<br />
included Ian Breakwell (who worked in fi lm, drawing <strong>and</strong> diary- writing)<br />
at British Rail <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Department <strong>of</strong> Health; artist <strong>and</strong> musician Andrew<br />
Dipper at Esso; artist <strong>and</strong> musician David Toop at London Zoo; <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
sculptor Barry Flanagan at a plastics producer (Scott Bader). From this list<br />
it can immediately be seen that <strong>the</strong> choice <strong>of</strong> organisation tends towards<br />
heavy industry <strong>and</strong> nationalised companies, <strong>and</strong> that <strong>the</strong> artists are all male,<br />
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