Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship - autonomous ...
Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship - autonomous ...
Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship - autonomous ...
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notes to pages 23– 9<br />
that our responsibility as world citizens does not leave <strong>of</strong>f where our<br />
careers begin.’ (Dan Cameron, ‘Into Africa’, Afterall, pilot issue, 1998– 9,<br />
p. 65.)<br />
41 Walter Benjamin, ‘The Author as Producer’, in Benjamin, Underst<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
Brecht, London: Verso, 1998, p. 98.<br />
42 Kester, Conversation Pieces, p. 12.<br />
43 Ibid., p. 24.<br />
44 Ibid., p. 150.<br />
45 Peter Dews, ‘Uncategorical Imperatives: Adorno, Badiou <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ethical<br />
Turn’, Radical Philosophy, 111, January–February 2002, p. 33.<br />
46 See Alain Badiou, Ethics: An Essay on <strong>the</strong> Underst<strong>and</strong>ing <strong>of</strong> Evil, London:<br />
Verso, 2001; Slavoj Žižek, ‘Multiculturalism, or, <strong>the</strong> Cultural Logic <strong>of</strong><br />
Multinational Capitalism’, New Left Review, September–October 1997,<br />
<strong>and</strong> ‘Against Human Rights’, New Left Review, July–August 2005;<br />
Jacques Rancière, Hatred <strong>of</strong> Democracy, London: Verso, 2006.<br />
47 See Gillian Rose, ‘Social Utopianism – Architectural Illusion’, in The<br />
Broken Middle, Oxford: Blackwell, 1992, p. 306.<br />
48 <strong>Art</strong> has a ‘relatively <strong>autonomous</strong> position, which provides a sanctuary<br />
where new things can emerge’, writes Jeanne van Heeswijk (‘Fleeting<br />
Images <strong>of</strong> Community’, available at www.jeanneworks.net); ‘<strong>the</strong> world<br />
<strong>of</strong> culture is <strong>the</strong> only space left for me to do what I can do, <strong>the</strong>re’s nothing<br />
else’, says <strong>the</strong> Chilean artist Alfredo Jaar (interview with <strong>the</strong> author, 9<br />
May 2005). A recent discussion with fi ve socially engaged artists at Tania<br />
Bruguera’s Immigrant Movement International (New York, 23 April<br />
2011) foregrounded <strong>the</strong> artists’ lack <strong>of</strong> accountability: community activists<br />
<strong>and</strong> organisers persistently questioned <strong>the</strong> artists about <strong>the</strong> need to<br />
take <strong>the</strong>ir gestures to <strong>the</strong> next level by pressing for policy change.<br />
49 Jacques Rancière, ‘The Aes<strong>the</strong>tic Revolution <strong>and</strong> its Outcomes: Emplotments<br />
<strong>of</strong> Autonomy <strong>and</strong> Heteronomy’, New Left Review, March–April<br />
2002, p. 137, <strong>and</strong> The <strong>Politics</strong> <strong>of</strong> Aes<strong>the</strong>tics, London: Continuum, 2004.<br />
50 For Rancière, dissensus is <strong>the</strong> core <strong>of</strong> politics: ‘a dispute over what is<br />
given <strong>and</strong> about <strong>the</strong> frame within which we sense something is given’.<br />
Consensus, by contrast, is understood to foreclose <strong>the</strong> fi eld <strong>of</strong> debate <strong>and</strong><br />
reduce politics to <strong>the</strong> authoritarian actions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘police’. See Jacques<br />
Rancière, Dissensus: On <strong>Politics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Aes<strong>the</strong>tics, London: Continuum,<br />
2010, p. 69.<br />
51 Jacques Rancière, ‘The Emancipated Spectator’, <strong>Art</strong>forum, March 2007,<br />
pp. 271– 80.<br />
52 Jacques Rancière, Malaise dans l’esthétique, Paris: Editions Galilée, 2004,<br />
p. 145, my translation.<br />
53 Ibid., p. 159, my translation.<br />
54 Rancière, ‘The <strong>Politics</strong> <strong>of</strong> Aes<strong>the</strong>tics’, available at http:/ / <strong>the</strong>ater.kein.<br />
org.<br />
55 Rancière, Malaise dans l’esthétique, p. 66, my translation.<br />
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