Cash or Card: Consumer Perceptions of Payment Modes - Scholarly ...

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169 http://www.westpac.co.nz/olcontent/olcontent.nsf/Content/Economic+&+Financial+ Markets+reports?OpenDocument&refr=Business Whetten, D. A. (1989) What Constitute a Theoretical Contribution? The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 490-495. William, J. (1890) The Principles of Psychology. Classics in the History of Psychology, an internet resource developed by Christopher D. Green of York University, Toronto, Ontario. Winter, Y. (2000), Distributivity & Dependency, Natural Language Semantics 8, 27–69. Wong & Cardducci (1991) Wong, A. & Carducci, B. (1991) Sensation seeking & financial risk taking ineveryday money matters. Journal of business & psychology. 5, 525-580. Worcester, R. M. & Burns, T. R. (1975) A Statistical Examination of the Relative Precision of Verbal Scales. Journal of the Market Research Society, 17 (No. 3) 181- 197 Wuthnow, R. (1996). Poor Richard's principle: recovering the American dream through the moral dimension of work, business & money. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Yoon, S. K. 2001. Tangled Octopus, Far Eastern Economic Review, 164(July 5), 40. Zavestoski, S. (2002). The social-psychological bases of anticonsumption attitudes. Psychology & Marketing, 19, 149-165. Zellermayer, O. (1996). The Pain of Paying. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. Carnegie Mellon University. Zelizer, V. (1989). The Social Meaning of Money: special monies. American Journal of Sociology, 95(2), 342-377.
Zelizer, V. (1994). The social meaning of money. New York: Basic Books. Zinman, J. (2004). Why Use Debit Instead of Credit? Consumer Choice in a Trillion-Dollar 170 Market. Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports, 191. Zuckerman, M.(1983). Biological bases of sensation seeking, impulsivity, & anxiety, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, N.J.. Zuckerman, G. (2000). Borrowing Levels Reach a Record, Sparing Debate. The Wall Street Journal (6):CI, CIX Appendix 1: The Concept of Money- Background. Credit cards have been characterised as having negative social effect. Among these are stimulation of materialistic values and hedonism and creation of indebtmness among consumers which may lead to anxiety and bankruptcy. Bell (1976) argues that previously one had to save in order to buy. ‘But with credit cards one could indulge in instant gratification. The system was transformed by mass production and mass consumption, by the creation of new wants and new means of gratifying those wants’ (Bell, 1976, p. 21). Bell (1976) links this to destruction of protestant work ethics through the invention of the instalment plan, or instant credit. The author reasons that prior to the Second World War, people by and large
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Cash or Card: Consumer Perceptions
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Chapter Four: Research Design and M
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List of Figures Figure 6.1 Sree Plo
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List of Tables Table 6.1. Explorato
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Acknowledgement The research idea i
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Abstract This study examines the co
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the payment mode selected impacts o
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Identifying the exact origin of anc
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1.5: Study Locus and Context The av
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compare participants normal or pref
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Chapter 2 provides a critical revie
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2.2: The Emergence of the Money Con
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commodity (bullion) and issued the
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2.5: Payment Mode and Purchase Beha
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and Belmont (1996) found that resta
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Households’ Spending’ run by th
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students (n=37) were also asked to
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enefit of consumption and the assoc
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associated with the purchase of ple
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A number of explanations for how pa
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2.6.5: Summary As this review of th
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Questions one and two are based on
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and label" events and occurrences,
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Thaler (1998) asserts that mental a
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If this is so then it is the transp
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The Chapter contends that the payme
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In this chapter, the methodology fo
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solid data, the issue of generalisa
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the experience. To do this requires
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as participants managed to link the
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4.4.2: Participant Selection There
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were initially examined via a test-
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set, in addition to the payment mod
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There are two major validity threat
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The Chapter commences by describing
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of all three projective tests. A fu
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However the negative thoughts diffe
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cold. It seems that money in the de
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thought the shoe (that was linked t
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Exhibit 5.6: Summary of findings $2
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denominations ($5, $10). On the oth
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Emotions (see Exhibit 5.7g) The mos
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� It is just when I can hear coin
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� I don’t feel that when I see
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Exhibit 5.7 (c) LIQUIDITY � if I
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Exhibit 5.8. Quotes for PMP Scale.
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82 Using cash to pay for purchases
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84 Using a debit card to pay for tr
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` 86 If I had a $20 note in my wall
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88 Chapter Six Development and Vali
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latent variable determines the obse
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oot (sqrt) was applied to normalize
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Exploratory Factor Analysis reveale
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96 Table 6.2: Inter-Item and Item-t
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98 Exhibit 6.5: 49 Item Scale in Pr
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6.4.2: Pre-Test Two - Internal Cons
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The 45 items were examined to facto
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6.4.4: Pre Test Two - Final Factor
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6.4.6: Assessing Construct Validity
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used to measure individual construc
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110 Exhibit 6.9: Pre-Test Items Rem
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Table 6.14: Summary of Final Result
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All dimensions (Table 6.16) show AV
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7.1: Chapter Overview 116 Chapter S
Page 129 and 130: Four product categories of househol
Page 131 and 132: Since the use of cash and debit car
Page 133 and 134: 7.4.1.2: Control Group-Test Groups
Page 135 and 136: 7.4.2: Proposition Two Evaluation T
Page 137 and 138: 126 Table 7.8: Indulgence Food Prod
Page 139 and 140: 128 Exhibit 7.2: Proposition Two: E
Page 141 and 142: 130 Table 7.12: Comparisons of Fact
Page 143 and 144: Proposition Two that- where consume
Page 145 and 146: Table 7.13: Mean Item Score: Field
Page 147 and 148: Research Question One: Do the cogni
Page 149 and 150: token is used, perceptions and beha
Page 151 and 152: would spend it on something special
Page 153 and 154: 8.4: Methodological Contribution Th
Page 155 and 156: 144 � The priming regarding the s
Page 157 and 158: it may be prudent for governments,
Page 159 and 160: Bechara, A., & Damasio, A. (2005).
Page 161 and 162: Carruthers, B., & Babb, S. (1996).
Page 163 and 164: Dohrenwend, B. P., Itzhak Levav, P.
Page 165 and 166: Garcia-Swartz, D., Hahn, W. R., & L
Page 167 and 168: Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B
Page 169 and 170: Kassarjian, H. H. (1977). Content a
Page 171 and 172: Loix, E. Pepermans, R. Van Hove, L.
Page 173 and 174: Nielsen Research (2011, August) Nie
Page 175 and 176: Reimann & Bechara (2009) The somati
Page 177 and 178: Singh (2004) Impersonalisation of e
Page 179: Trent, J. & Smalley, G. (1992) The
Page 183 and 184: its usage. This in turn points out
Page 185 and 186: Adam Smith proposed that money is s
Page 187 and 188: During the 1950s, researchers began
Page 189 and 190: use of borrowed money. The introduc
Page 191 and 192: Appendix 2: Projective Tasks- Workb
Page 193 and 194: TASK THREE For this activity you wi
Page 195 and 196: TASK SIX Shopping experience using
Page 197 and 198: Activity Two Tick five traits/chara
Page 199 and 200: Appendix 3: Moderator Guide When pa
Page 201 and 202: important. Individual opinions and
Page 203 and 204: 192 Write few sentences describing
Page 205 and 206: Appendix 5: Projective Tests- Theme
Page 207: Appendix 7: Projective Tool (Debit
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