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Table 4.1.5 Visual inspection, list of included clinical studies of permanent
teeth. Studies with high or medium quality and relevance.
Author
Year,
reference
Country
Type of
study
Blinding
Number
of
observers
Observer
reliability
Population
Caries
prevalence
and
type of
lesions
Number
of
individuals
Number
of
teeth
Clinical studies
Occlusal
Angnes
et al
2005 [13]
Brazil
Validity Partly 2 Kappa
Inter:
0.67
Adult
volunteers,
3rd
molars
for
extraction
20 (18%)
sound
24 (22%)
D1
50 (45%)
D2
14 (13%)
D3
2 (2%) D4
38
subjects,
57 teeth,
110 sites
Ie et al
1995 [15]
The
Netherlands
Validity
Not
reported
2 Kappa
Inter:
0.57
5–15
yrs,
patients
at a
department
of
paediatric
dentistry
Not
reported
50 subjects
Reis et al
2006 [14]
Brazil
Validity Partly 2 Kappa:
0.72
In vivo/
in vitro
Intra:
0.56
Inter:
0.51
Adult
volunteers,
3rd
molars
for
extraction
20 (18%)
sound
24 (22%)
D1
50 (45%)
D2
14 (13%)
D3
2 (2%) D4
38
subjects,
57 teeth,
110 sites
Approximal
Hintze et al
1998 [17]
Denmark
Validity Yes 4 Kappa
Inter:
0.4–0.5
Dentist
students,
hygienist
students
7% cavitated
lesions
53
subjects,
338 surfaces
A z = Area under a ROC curve; CI = Confidence interval; D1 = Enamel caries;
D2 = Caries to the enamel-dentine junction; D3 = Caries reaching not more than
half of the dentine; D4 = Caries reaching more than half of the dentine;
100
Karies – diagnostik, riskbedömning och icke-invasiv behandling