;fyu,flbfyb e;fyu,flj lbcjwbfwbf vodfdt yfnhb Y yfhtdt,b yf[ibh,flb ,eyt,hbdb yfthst,b jmcblt,b v;fdt,b vfhbkt,b yfnhbevb ,eyt,bdb yfthst,b jmcblb ]blhjmcblb vfhbkt,b ytbnhbyj ytbnhfkbpfwbf yjhvfkj,f 28 28 97 124 5 133 133 136= 137 138 138 122 123 124 124 125 42 38 90 J jpjyb 155 jpjyehb iht 156 jktevb 159 jh,bnfkb 44 fnjvehb 44 ]b,hblekb 70 s-jh,bnfkb 47 p-jh,bnfkb 47 d-jh,bnfkb 49 jhsjcbkbwbevv;fdf 140 jhsjajcafnb 153 jmcblt,b 20 vfhbkofvjvmvytkb 20 vfhbkfhofhvjvmvytkb 20 fvajnthekb 23 v;fdf 23 ae.t 22 jmhj 169 G gthbjlekj,bc rfyjyb gthvfyufyfnb gthmkjhfnb gjkfhekb ,vf gjntywbfkb bpj,fhekb ghbywbgb gfekbc kt-ifntkbtc : ;fyu,flb ;fyudbc [fhbcpb ;fyudf-fqlutyf ;fyudf fyjlehb ;fyudf-fqlutybc htfmwbt,bc 51 182 168 63 81 50 89 155 70 102 112= 115 rkfcbabrfwbf 104 H htfmwbt,bc cbs,ehb tatmnb htfmwbt,b 80 rkfcbabrfwbf 13 itthst,bc 13 lfikbc 13 xfyfwdkt,bc 13 vbvjwdkbc 12 ;fyudf-fqlutybc 102 ytbnhfkbpfwbbc 38 tupjsthvekb 79 tyljsthvekb 79 itmwtdflb 14 itemwtdflb 15 htfmwbbc cbxmfht 81 hrbyf 184 ,eyt,hbdb yfthst,b184 jmcblt,b 192 ]blhjmcblt,b 192= 193 rjvgktmcehb vfhbkt,b ityflyj,t,b hjlfyblt,b C cb[bcnt cfthsj lhjt,bsb velvbdb cbkbwbevbc v;fdf cbkbwbevbc jmcblb cbkbrfnt,b cjlf rfkwbybht,ekb rfecnbrehb rhbcnfkehb cfcvtkb cgbyb cgbkty.b ,eyt,hbdb yfthst,b jmcblt,b ]blhjmcblt,b [cyflj,f v;fdt,ib cekafnt,b cekabnt,b cegthajcafnb N nent kbsjyt,b nent vbofkbsjyt,b A afpf lbcgthcbekb abpbrehb vjdktyt,b ajkflb ajcafnb ajcutyb ajcajhb 198 199 193 188 149 129 129 130 129 140 139 140 123 124 123 123 45 169 169 171 171= 172 171 160 158 154 122 126 87 87 12 188 153 136 149 fkjnhjgbf obstkb stshb ifdb jmcblt,b v;fdt,b vfhbkt,b actdlj]fkjutyblt,b ae.tt,b [cyflb e[cyflb fvajnthekb tktmnhjkbnehb lbcjwbfwbf M mdfynehb hbw[dt,b cgbyb vsfdfhb sfyfehb vfuybnehb mbvbehb tktvtynb mbvbehb ,vt,b rjdfktynehb gjkfhekb fhfgjkfhekb bjyehb ljyjhekfmwtygnjhekb o'fk,flehb kbsjyehb mbvbehb ojyfcojhj,f mbvbehb ybdsbtht,f ceasf yfhtsb vfhnbdb hsekb mbvbehb ,vbc gjkfhj,f mbvbehb vjdktyt,b mkjhb 150 150 150 150 151 151= 152= 153 154= 155 148 29 30 30 31 94 44 45 45 46 46 4 54 58 59 61 73 64 76 74 85 5 5 5 5 5 63 12 162
,eyt,hbdb yfthst,b jmcblt,b v;fdt,b vfhbkt,b mhjvb jmcblt,b ]blhjmcblt,b vfhbkt,b mhjvgbrb I itlutybkj,bc velvbdj,bc rfyjyb 9 ityflyj,t,b 172= 180 W wtvtynb wbfyo'fk,flv;fdf wbfyv;fdf wbfyblt,b wbfyfnt,b { [cyfht,b rjywtynhbht,ekb 162 166 167 166= 167 173 175= 176 175 176= 177 177 141 148 148 148 149 O oytdf 92 jcvjcehb 92 o'fkb 129 cb[bcnt 129 o'fk,flb 118 bpjnjgt,b 118 rfsbjyb 120 fybjyb 120 ;fyudbc [fhbc[b 120 gthjmcblb 121 ufvj'tyt,f 122 o'fkufpb 119 o'kbc bjyehb vfxdtyt,tkb 99 89 ufypfdt,ekb yf/thb e/thb vtnyf/thb fhftktmnhjkbnt,b ztivfhbnb vekehj,f vjkfkj,f yjhvfkj,f nbnhb [cyflj,bc rjtabwbtynb [cyfht,bc leqbkbc ntvgthfnehbc fotdf ? /b,cbc tythubf } ]fkjutyt,b ]tyhbc rfyjyb ]b,hblbpfwbf ]blhfnt,b ]blhjrfh,jyfnt,b ]blhbl-bjyb ]blhjkbpb ]blhjmcblt,b [cyflb e[cyflb ]eylbc otcb 89 90 90 90 93 87 90 90 90 91 88 91 81 161 89 67 88 138 118 100 29 30 30 50 KBNTHFNEHF 1\ rjrjxfidbkb d\= wbywf.t u\= wtw[kf.t s\= pjuflb lf fhfjhufyekb mbvbbc rehcb\ ^ yfobkb\ ufyfskt,f= s,bkbcb= 1988\ 2\ rjrjxfidbkb d\= wbywf.t u\= wtw[kf.t s\= pjuflb lf fhfjhufyekb mbvbbc rehcb\ ^^ yfobkb\ ufyfskt,f= s,bkbcb= 1998\ 3\ obdobdf.t s\ pjuflb mbvbf\ ufyfskt,f\ s,bkbcb= 1992 4\ udfhfvf.t l\ pjuflb (fhfjhufyekb) mbvbbc cf[tkv.qdfytkj\ ufyfskt,f= s,bkbcb 1975\ 5\ rfhfgtnbfyb v\= lhfrbyb c\ pjuflb lf fhfjhufyekb mbvbf\ s,bkbcb= 1981 6\ Ахметов Н.С. Общая и неорганическая химия. М., 1981. 7\ Глинка Н.Л. Общая химия. М., 1984. 8\ Красовицкая Е.И. Электронные структуры атомов и химическая связь. Просвещениа, М., 1972. 9\ Некрасов Б.В. Учебник общей химии. Высшая школа. М., 1984. 10\ Полинг Л. Общая химия. Мир. 1974. 11\ Хомченко Г.П., Цитович И.К. Неорганическая химия. Высшая школа. М., 1978. 200 201
- Page 1 and 2:
m. cincaZe, n. maisuraZe, g. manvel
- Page 3 and 4:
obyfvlt,fht cf[tkv.qdfytkj ufsdfkbc
- Page 5 and 6:
mbvbehb tktvtynb fnjvsf 'jdtk ufhrd
- Page 7 and 8:
'jdtksdbc thsbc njkbf)= Ca= Ba= Mg
- Page 9 and 10:
xdtekt,hbd fbhbc cbvrdhbdtc ufycfpq
- Page 11 and 12:
SFDB ^^\ L\B\ VTYLTKTTDBC GTHBJLEKJ
- Page 13 and 14:
SFDB ^^^\ FHFJHUFYEK YFTHSSF >BHBSF
- Page 15 and 16:
nentt,sfy ehsbthsmvtlt,bcfc bcbyb f
- Page 17 and 18:
3\ v;fdt,b itlbc htfmwbfib ae.tt,sf
- Page 19 and 20:
fvajnthekb ]blhjmcblb ae.bc sdbct,f
- Page 21 and 22:
11\ pjubthsb v'fhb v;fdf jmcblbc it
- Page 23 and 24:
v;fdfc ajhvekf HF HCl HBr HI H 2 S
- Page 25 and 26:
A (Li) = 7 (0,927) + 6 (0073) = 6,
- Page 27 and 28:
wbsb rjjhlbyfnt,bc qth.bc vbvfhs\ d
- Page 29 and 30:
ve[nbc cblblbc phlf 1-lfy 116-vlt b
- Page 31 and 32:
cohfadbc hbw[j,hbdb vybidytkj,bc ph
- Page 33 and 34:
jhb d-jh,bnfkbc uflfafhdbs ofhvjbmv
- Page 35 and 36:
Cl Z=17 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5
- Page 37 and 38:
yf[ibh,flbc fnjvc fupyt,ek vlujvfht
- Page 39 and 40:
;fyu,flbc ;fyudbc [fhbc[b 'dtkf yft
- Page 41 and 42:
dbceakfl uflfflubklt,f vstk rhbcnfk
- Page 43 and 44:
ht,bc vbvfhs 1 fnv\ oytdbc lf 250C-
- Page 45 and 46:
jhlbyfnsf qth.pt uflfpjvbkbf cbcntv
- Page 47 and 48:
cytkb fhbc bc rjvgjytynb= hjvtkbw v
- Page 49 and 50:
1000�g 2 Mg1 �t � K t,\ fmtlf
- Page 51 and 52: Ba(OH) 2 lf c[df\ cecnb tktmnhjkbnt
- Page 53 and 54: vjkb$k\ fyufhbibc ufcfvfhnbdt,kfl i
- Page 55 and 56: ;fyudf-fqlutybc htfmwbt,bc ufynjkt,
- Page 57 and 58: tktmnhjyekb gjntywbfkt,bc f,cjkeneh
- Page 59 and 60: tktmnhjkbpb v;fdt,b= nentt,b= vfhbk
- Page 61 and 62: hrbybc lf ]blhjmcblbc bjyt,b ofhvjm
- Page 63 and 64: o'fk,flbc yfhtdb ]fthsfy (vuhudbyfd
- Page 65 and 66: jmcblb lf ]blhjmcblb\ yfnhbevb ofhv
- Page 67 and 68: fldbkfl b[cyt,f hjujhw ufypfdt,ek=
- Page 69 and 70: hflufy ufvj'jabkb Al(OH) 3 fvajnthe
- Page 71 and 72: yf[ibh,flbc (^^) jmcblb _ CO v[esfd
- Page 73 and 74: Si + O 2 ��SiO 2 fh b[cyt,f fhw
- Page 75 and 76: fvbfrb fldbkfl itlbc htfmwbfib v;fd
- Page 77 and 78: Au + HNO + 3HCl �� AuCl + NO +
- Page 79 and 80: o'fk,flb ajcajhsfy lfrfdibht,ekbf t
- Page 81 and 82: jpjyb keh/b athbc= vrdtshb ceybc vm
- Page 83 and 84: ujubhlv;fdf .kbthb v;fyufdbf\ ufypf
- Page 85 and 86: eylf fqbybiyjc= hjv mkjhb eiefkjl f
- Page 87 and 88: mkjhfnt,b xdtekt,hbd gbhj,t,ib cfrv
- Page 89 and 90: 2Cu + O 2 � 2CuO fy cgbkty.bc (^^
- Page 91 and 92: Cr(OH) 3 + KOH � KCrO 2 + 2H 2 O
- Page 93 and 94: Mn + H � 2 SO 4 MnSO 4 + H 2 ufyp
- Page 95 and 96: vfkehb ;fyudbsb hbw[dbf +5= [jkj yb
- Page 97 and 98: s[tdflb se/b lf oblf xfvjtlbyt,f me
- Page 99 and 100: Fe 2 O 3 _ hrbybc (^^^) jmcblb Fe(O
- Page 101: L lfybtk-bfrj,cbc ufkdfyehb tktvtyn
- Page 105 and 106: sfdb * tktmnhjmbvbf................