zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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Na + lf Cl - bjyt,c ijhbc fqb.dht,f tktmnhjcnfnbrehb vbpbldbc<br />
.fkt,b lf ofhvjbmvyt,f bjyehb yfthsb NaCl\<br />
mbvbehb ,vbc sfyfvtlhjdt stjhbf bjyeh ,vfc ufyb[bkfdc=<br />
hjujhw rjdfktynehb ,vbc pqdhekb gjkfhbpfwbbc itvs[dtdfc=<br />
hjwf cfthsj tktmnhjyekb od'bkb vskbfyfl uflflbc ths-thsb<br />
fnjvbc vakj,tkj,fib|<br />
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bjyeh ,vfc= ufyc[dfdt,bs rjdfktynehbcufy= fh f[fcbfst,c<br />
vbvfhsekt,f lf uf/tht,ekj,f\<br />
'dtkf bjyehb yfthsb (v'fh vlujvfhtj,fib) [fcbfslt,f bjyehb<br />
rhbcnfkehb vtchbs= hfw ufyfgbhj,t,c fv nbgbc yfthst,bc<br />
leqbkbcf lf kqj,bc vfqfk ntvgthfnehfc\<br />
bjyehb yfthst,bc vybidytkjdfyb sdbct,ff bc= hjv o'fkib<br />
uf[cybcfc fy ufkqj,bcfc bikt,f bjyt,fl= hbc itltuflfw vfsb<br />
[cyfht,b lf yfkqj,t,bw fnfht,c tktmnhek ltyc= fvbnjv vfs<br />
tktmnhjkbnt,b tojlt,f\<br />
kbsjyehb ,vf<br />
wyj,bkbf= hjv kbsjyt,bcsdbc lfvf[fcbfst,tkbf vfqfkb<br />
kqj,bc ntvgthfnehf= cbyfskbc c[bdt,bc fhtrdkbc eyfhb= vfqfkb<br />
tktmnhj- lf cbs,jufvnfhj,f= ufzbvdbcf lf ukbydbc rfhub<br />
eyfhb\ kbsjysf 'dtkf tc sfdbct,eht,f fb[cyt,f vfsb rhbcnfkehb<br />
vtchbc fqyfuj,bs= vfs rhbcnfkeh vtcthib fnjvt,c ijhbc<br />
ufycfresht,ekb [fcbfsbc ,vbc _ kbsjyehb ,vbc fhct,j,bs\<br />
kbsjysf fnjvt,bc evtntcj,f ufht tythutnbrek ljytpt<br />
itbwfdc tktmnhjyt,bc vwbht hbw[dc\ ufhlf fvbcf= kbsjysf<br />
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fnjvt,c ufht tythutnbrek ljytpt fmdc ,tdhb sfdbceafkb jh-<br />
,bnfkb= cfdfktynj tktmnhjyt,b cfrvfjl cecnfl fhbc itrfdibht,ekb<br />
fnjv,bhsdsfy\ kbsjyt,bc bjybpfwbbc tythubf vwbhtf=<br />
fvbnjv tktmnhjyt,bc rfdibhb fnjvt,sfy fldbkfl o'lt,f= hbc<br />
ufvjw rhbcnfkeh vtcthib uflfyfwdkt,bc lblb sfdbceakt,f<br />
fmdc\ wfkrtek fnjvt,c vjo'dtnbkb tktmnhjyt,b ofhvjmvybc<br />
t\o\ tktmnhjyek ufpc _ @sfdbceafkb# tktmnhjyt,bc thsj,kbj,fc\<br />
fvudfhfl= kbsjyt,b itudb.kbf ofhvjdblubyjs= hjujhw lflt,bsb<br />
bjyt,bc vzblhjl itrfdibht,ekb cnhemnehf= hjvkt,bw<br />
thsvfytssfy lfrfdibht,ekbf tktmnhjyekb ufpbs= fvfcsfy=<br />
ufthsbfyt,ekb tktmnhjyt,bc itlfht,bs vwbht hbw[db frfdibht,c<br />
thsvfytssfy bjysf lbl hbw[dc\<br />
mbvbehb ,vbc cf[tc= hjvtkbw kbsjybc bjyt,cf lf sfdbceakfl<br />
vj.hfd ufthsbfyt,ek tktmnhjyt,c (tktmnhjyek ufpc) ijhbc<br />
ehsbthsvbpblekj,bc itltufl [jhwbtklt,f= kbsjyehb<br />
,vf tojlt,f\<br />
hfvltyflfw kbsjybc rhbcnfkib cfdfktynj tktmnhjyt,b<br />
ufyfobkt,ekbf sbsmvbc sfyf,hfl= bvltyfl ite.kt,tkbf kfgfhfrb<br />
kbsjyehb ,vbc vbvfhsekt,fpt\ fvbs bc vrdtshfl ufyc[dfdlt,f<br />
rjdfktynehb ,vbcfufy= hjvtkcfw fmdc ufhrdtekb vbvfhsekt,f<br />
cbdhwtib\ kbsjyehb ,vf ufyc[dfdlt,f rjdfktynehb ,vbcfufy<br />
cbvnrbwbsfw\ vbcb ,vbc tythubf 3-4-/th vwbhtf rjdfktynehb<br />
,vbc tythubfcsfy itlfht,bs\ kbsjyeh ,vfc fmdc cfthsj<br />
rjdfktyneh ,vfcsfy= rth.jl bc= hjv kbsjyehb ,vfw [jhwbtklt,f<br />
cfdfktynj tktmnhjyt,bc ufthsbfyt,bc cfae.dtkpt=<br />
v[jkjl bv ufyc[dfdt,bs= hjv rjdfktynehb ,vbc lhjc cfpbfhj<br />
[lt,f jhb vtpj,tkb fnjvbc tktmnhjyt,b= [jkj kbsjyehb ,vbc<br />
ofhvjmvyfib tktmnhjyt,bc ufthsbfyt,fib 'dtkf fnjvb bqt,c<br />
vjyfobktj,fc\ rjdfktynehb ,vbc ofhvjvmvytkb tktmnhjyt,b<br />
thsvfytssfy frfdibht,c jh fnjvc lf vfssfy vnrbwtlff lfrfdibht,ekb\<br />
kbsjyehb ,vbc ofhvjvmvytkb tktmnhjyt,b rb sf-<br />
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