zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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Mn + H �<br />
2 SO 4 MnSO 4 + H 2<br />
ufyp\<br />
rjywtynhbht,ekb ujubhlv;fdf lf,fk ntvgthfnehfpt ytkf=<br />
[jkj ufw[tkt,bcfc cohfafl [cybc vfyufyevc|<br />
Mn + 2H 2 SO 4 �� MnSO 4 + SO 2 + 2H 2 O<br />
rjywtynhbht,ek fpjnv;fdfc vfyufyevb fqflutyc fpjnbc (^^)<br />
jmcblfvlt|<br />
3Mn + 8HNO 3 �� 3Mn(NO 3 ) 2 + 2NO + 4H 2 O<br />
ufvj'tyt,f| ceasf vfyufyevb h,bkb kbsjybf\ bc .bhbsflfl<br />
ufvjb'tyt,f ktubht,ekb ajkflbc ofhvjt,fib\ ajkflb= hjvtkbw<br />
itbwfdc 15% vfyufyevc= [fcbfslt,f cbvfuhbs= cbvnrbwbs lf<br />
wdtsfvtltuj,bs\<br />
vfyufyevb ufvjb'tyt,f ufyv;fyufdfl ajkflbc ufvjlyj,bc<br />
lhjc= FeO-lfy hrbybc fqcflutyfl\<br />
vfyufyevc b'tyt,ty kbsjysf ptlfgbhbc lfcfafhfl= rjhjpbbcufy<br />
vfsb lfwdbc vbpybs\<br />
vfyufyevbc jmcblt,b lf ]blhjmcblt,b<br />
vfyufyevb ;fyu,flsfy ofhvjmvybc itvltu yfthst,c| vfyufyevbc<br />
(^^) jmcblb _ MnO= vfyufyevbc (^^^) jmcblb _ Mn 2 O 3 = vfyufyevbc<br />
(^&) jmcblb _ MnO 2 = vfyufyevbc (&^) jmcblb _ MnO 3 = hjvtkbw<br />
sfdbceafkb cf[bs wyj,bkb fh fhbc+ vfyufyevbc (&^^) jmcblb (fye<br />
vfyufyevbc fy]blhblb) _ MnO 3 lf Mn 3 O 4 _ iefktlehb jmcblb=<br />
hjvtkbw sfdbcb itlutybkj,bs itb.kt,f ufydb[bkjs= hjujhw vfyufyjdfyb<br />
v;fdfc vfhbkb (vfyufyevbc vfyufyfnb) _ [Mn II<br />
2 (MnVI O 4 )\<br />
MnO _ vfyufyevbc (^^) jmcblb vodfyt athbc rhbcnfkehb<br />
ybdsbtht,ff= ,eyt,fib ud[dlt,f vbythfk vfyufyjpbnbc cf[bs\<br />
vbbqt,f vfyufyevbc rfh,jyfnbc sthvekb lfikbs fy vfyufyevbc<br />
lbjmcblbc uf[eht,bs o'fk,flbc yfrflib|<br />
Mn CO 3 �� MnO + CO 2<br />
MnO 2 + H 2 �� MnO + H 2 O<br />
MnO-c ittcf,fvt,f vfyufyevbc ]blhjmcblb _ Mn(OH) 2 =<br />
hjvtkbw vbbqt,f Mn (II)-bc vfhbkt,pt nentt,bc vjmvtlt,bs|<br />
MnSO 4 + 2NaOH �� Mn(OH) 2 + Na 2 SO 4<br />
vfyufyevbc ]blhjmcblb _ Mn(OH) 2 fv;qfdyt,c ae.t sdbct,t,c<br />
lf itlbc htfmwbfib v;fdt,sfy|<br />
Mn(OH) 2 + 2HCl �� MnCl 2 + 2H 2 O<br />
vfyufyevbc (^^) ]blhjmcblb stshb athbc yfktmbf= ]fthpt<br />
fldbkfl b;fyut,f lf ufhlfbmvyt,f vemb athbc yfktmfl|<br />
2Mn(OH) 2 + O 2 + 2H 2 O �� 2Mn(OH) 4<br />
Mn 2 O 3 _ vfyufyevbc (^^^) jmcblb vj'fdbcahj-ifdb athbc<br />
gfhfvfuybnehb ybdsbtht,ff\ ,eyt,fib ud[dlt,f vbythfk ,hfeybnbc<br />
cf[bs\ cfvdfktynbfyb vfyufyevbc ]blhjmcblb _ Mn 2 O 3 .H 2 O=<br />
fye vtnf]blhjmcblb _ MnO(OH)= ,eyt,fib ud[dlt,f vbythfk<br />
vfyufybnbc cf[bs\ itlbc htfmwbfib ufypfdt,ek v;fdt,sfy|<br />
2MnO(OH) + 2HNO 3 �� MnO 2 + Mn(NO 3 ) 2 + 2H 2 O<br />
MnO 2 _ vfyufyevbc (^&) jmcblb ifdb athbc= v'fhb= gfhfvfuybnehb<br />
ybdsbtht,ff\ vfyufyevbc js[dfktynbfy yfthst,c ijhbc<br />
'dtkfpt vluhflbf\ ,eyt,fib fhct,j,c vbythfk gbhjkepbnbc<br />
cf[bs= hjvtkbw vfyufyevbc evybidytkjdfytcb vflfybf\<br />
vfyufyevbc lbjmcblb vbbqt,f vfyufyevbc (^^) ybnhfnbc 195-<br />
300 0 -pt uf[eht,bs|<br />
Mn(NO 3 ) 2 �� MnO 2 + 2NO 2<br />
MnO 2 -c f[fcbfst,c fhfvrdtshfl ufvj[fnekb fvajnthekb<br />
sdbct,t,b\<br />
vfyufyevbc (^&) vfhbkt,b fhfvluhflbf\ vfufkbsfl= vfhbkv;fdfcsfy<br />
ehsbthsmvtlt,bcfc ofhvjbmvyt,f vfyufyevbc (^&) mkjhblb=<br />
hjvtkbw vfibydt bikt,f|<br />
MnO 2 + 4HCl �� MnCl 4 + 2H 2 O<br />
180 181
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