zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
zogadi da araorganuli qimia
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fvajnthekb ]blhjmcblb ae.bc sdbct,fc fv;qfdyt,c v;fdt,sfy<br />
ehsbthsmvtlt,bcfc|<br />
Be( OH)<br />
2 � 2HCl<br />
� BeCl 2 � 2H<br />
2O<br />
2Al( OH)<br />
3 � 3H<br />
2SO4<br />
� Al 2(<br />
SO 4 ) 3 � 6H<br />
2O<br />
fvajnthekb ]blhjmcblb v;fdfc sdbct,fc fv;qfdyt,c nentt,sfy<br />
ehsbthsmvtlt,bcfc|<br />
itkqj, bs<br />
Be( OH)<br />
2 � 2NaOH<br />
�����<br />
Na2BeO<br />
2 � 2H<br />
2O<br />
2<br />
[cyfhib<br />
Be( OH)<br />
� 2NaOH<br />
��<br />
�� �<br />
itkqj, bs<br />
yfnhbevbc , thbkfnb<br />
Na<br />
�Be( OH)<br />
�<br />
2<br />
4<br />
yfnhbevbc ntnhf]blhjmcb,<br />
thbkfnb<br />
Al( OH)<br />
3 � KOH �����<br />
KAlO 2 � 2H<br />
2O<br />
3<br />
[cyfhib<br />
Al( OH)<br />
� KOH ��<br />
�� �<br />
K-bc<br />
vtnffkevbyfnb<br />
K<br />
�Al( OH)<br />
�<br />
4<br />
K-bc<br />
ntnhf]blhjmcbfkevbyfnb<br />
ae.tt,bc uhfabrekb ajhvekt,b<br />
Na OH Ca(OH) 2 Fe(OH) 3<br />
Na _ O _ H<br />
O_H<br />
/<br />
Ca<br />
\<br />
O_H<br />
vfhbkt,b<br />
/ O_H<br />
Fe_<br />
O_H<br />
\ O_H<br />
vfhbkt,b tojlt,f hsek ybdsbtht,t,c= hjvtksf vjktrekt,b<br />
itlut,f kbsjybc fnjvbcf lf v;fdfc yfisbcfufy\<br />
itlutybkj,bc vb[tldbs fhxtdty| cfiefkj= fye yjhvfkeh<br />
vfhbkt,c= v;fdf= ae.t= jhvfu= ithtek lf rjvgktmceh vfhbkt,c\<br />
se v;fdfc vjktrekfib xfyfwdkt,bc eyfhbc vmjyt o'fk,flbc<br />
'dtkf fnjvb xfyfwdkt,ekbf kbsjybc fnjvt,bs= fcts vfhbkc<br />
cfiefkj= fye yjhvfkehb tojlt,f\ cfiefkj vfhbkt,bf= vfu\|<br />
Na 2 SO 4 , K 2 CO 3 , Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 lf f\i\<br />
v;fdf vfhbkt,bc ufypfdt,ekb [cyfht,b ufhlf kbsjyt,bcf lf<br />
v;fdehb yfisbc bjyt,bcf= itbwfdc fuhtsdt o'fk,flbc bjyt,cfw\<br />
vfufkbsfl= v;fdf vfhbkt,bf| KHCO 3 , NaHSO 4 , NaH 2 PO 4 , CaHPO 4<br />
lf c[df\<br />
thsae.bfyb v;fdf dth ofhvjmvybc v;fdf vfhbkt,c\<br />
ae.t vfhbkt,b bctsb vfhbkt,bf= hjvtksf o'fk[cyfht,b<br />
kbsjybc bjyt,bcf lf v;fdehb yfisbc ufhlf itbwfdc ]blhjmcbl<br />
bjyt,c\ ae.t vfhbkt,bf| CaOHCl, AlOHSO 4 , MgOHNO 3 lf c[df\<br />
thsv;fdehb ae.tt,b ae.t vfhbkt,c dth ofhvjmvybc\<br />
se vfhbkb itlut,f ths v;fdeh yfissfy lfrfdibht,ekb jhb<br />
c[dflfc[df kbsjybc rfsbjybcfufy= vfc jhvfuc eojlt,ty\ vfu\|<br />
KAl(SO 4 ) 2 , KClMgCl 2 , KaNaSO 4 lf c[df\<br />
hjltcfw vfhbkb itbwfdc ths rfsbjysfy lfrfdibht,ek jhb<br />
c[dflfc[df v;fdfc fybjyc _ vfc ithtekb tojlt,f\ vfu\| CaClNO 3 ,<br />
AlClSO 4 lf f\i\<br />
bcts vfhbkt,c= hjvkbc itvflutykj,fib itlbc rjvgktmcehb<br />
bjyt,b= rjvgktmcehb tojlt,f\ vfu\| K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ], K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ],<br />
[Ag(NH 3 ) 2 ]Cl lf c[df\<br />
vfhbkt,bc cf[tkojlt,t,b<br />
cfiefkj vfhbkt,bc cf[tkojlt,f ofhvjlut,f v;fdfc cf[tkojlt,blfy=<br />
hjvtkcfw tvfnt,f kbsjybc lfcf[tkt,f\ vfu\| Na 2 CO 3<br />
_ yf[ibhv;fdf yfnhbevb= K 2 SO 4 _ ujubhlv;fdf rfkbevb lf f\i\<br />
e;fyu,flj v;fdt,bc vfhbkt,bc cf[tkojlt,f ofhvjlut,f fhfkbsjyt,bc<br />
cf[tkojlt,blfy= hjvtkcfw tvfnt,f ceabmcb @jdfyb# lf<br />
kbsjybc cf[tkojlt,f\ vfu\| K 2 SO 4 _ ujubhlv;fdf rfkbevb lf f\i\<br />
eahj vtnfl ufdhwtkt,ekbf vfhbkt,bc cfthsfijhbcj cf-<br />
[tkojlt,t,b\ bub ofhvjlut,f kbsjybc cf[tkojlt,bcf lf v;fdfc<br />
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